Volkswagen Santana: imodeli umlando, tuning, ukubuyekezwa abanikazi
Okuqukethwe
IVolkswagen Santana, eyazalelwa eJalimane, yakwazi ukunqoba cishe ingxenye yomhlaba ngokushesha okukhulu. Emazweni ahlukene, wayaziwa ngaphansi kwamagama amaningi ahlukene, kodwa into eyodwa ayizange ishintshe - ikhwalithi yaseJalimane. Mhlawumbe yingakho imoto, eqinisweni, idlule ekuzalweni kabusha okuningana - abakwazi ukwenqaba iVolkswagen Santana.
Uhlolojikelele lobubanzi
IVolkswagen Santana ingumfowabo omncane wesizukulwane sesibili iPassat (B2). Imoto yethulwa okokuqala emphakathini ngo-1981, futhi ngo-1984 waqala ukukhiqizwa kwayo ngobuningi.
Imoto yayihloselwe ngokuyinhloko emakethe yaseNingizimu Melika nase-Asia. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi emazweni ahlukene wathola amagama ahlukene. Ngakho-ke, e-USA naseCanada yaziwa ngokuthi i-Quantum, eMexico - njengeCorsar, e-Argentina - i-Carat, futhi eBrazil kuphela namazwe amaningi aseNingizimu Melika yayikhunjulwa njengeVolkswagen Santana. Kuze kube ngu-1985, igama elinjalo lalikhona eYurophu, kodwa kwanqunywa ukuliyeka ukuze livune iPassat.
IVolkswagen Santana (China)
E-China, "uSantana" wazuza, mhlawumbe, ukuthandwa okukhulu kakhulu, futhi kwenzeka ngokushesha okukhulu: ngo-1983, imoto yokuqala enjalo yahlanganiswa lapha, futhi kakade ngo-1984, kwasungulwa ukuhlanganyela okuhlangene kweJalimane-Chinese, i-Shanghai Volkswagen Automotive.
Ekuqaleni, i-sedan engenasizotha yakhiqizwa injini ye-petroli engu-1,6-litre; kusukela ngo-1987, umugqa wezinjini ugcwaliswe ngeyunithi engu-1,8-litre, futhi uphethiloli. Ama-motor anjalo asebenza ngokuhambisana ne-gearbox enamagiya amane. Izimoto ezine-injini engu-1,6-litre zazihlukaniswa ngokuthembeka nokusebenza okwengeziwe, ngakho-ke babebathanda kakhulu abashayeli bamatekisi. Kulezi zinguquko, imoto yayitholakala kuze kube ngu-2006.
Naphezu kokukude ezweni lakubo laseJalimane, lapho zonke izimangaliso zobuchwepheshe zangaleso sikhathi zenziwa khona, ama-Santanas aseShayina aziqhenya emisha eminingi, kuhlanganise nesistimu yomjovo we-electronic Bosch kanye ne-ABS ene-electronic brake force distribution.
Ngo-1991, iSantana 2000 yafika eChina, futhi ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi kwaqala ngo-1995. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, wafika eBrazil. I-Chinese "Santana" evela ku "dade" waseBrazil yayihlukaniswa yi-wheelbase ende - 2 mm -.
Ngo-2004, kwavela i-Santana 3000. Imoto ihlukaniswa nabanduleli bayo ngemigqa evamile ebushelelezi; ngesikhathi esifanayo, umthamo wengxenye yangemuva unyukile - isiqu sibukeka sikhulu kakhulu; kwavela isichamusela. Le moto ibitholakala ngezinjini ezifanayo ezingu-1,6 no-1,8 litre; ngo-2006 kwavela iyunithi enamalitha amabili.
Ngo-2008, "uSantana" "waphinde wazalwa" ku-Volkswagen Vista - ingabonwa nge-mesh grille, ukubunjwa kwe-chrome nama-taillights anezici eziyindilinga.
Ithebula: Imininingwane yeVolkswagen Santana yaseChina
| Santana | I-Santa 2000 | I-Santa 3000 | Vista | |
| Uhlobo lomzimba | I-4-door sedan | |||
| Injini | I-4-stroke, i-SOHC | |||
| Ubude mm | 4546 | 4680 | 4687 | 4687 |
| Ububanzi mm | 1690 | 1700 | 1700 | 1700 |
| Ukuphakama, mm | 1427 | 1423 | 1450 | 1450 |
| Isisindo, kg | 1030 | 1120 | 1220-1248 | 1210 |
I-Nissan Santana (Japan)
EJapane, i-automaker yaseJalimane yathola umngane onokwethenjelwa kumongameli we-Nissan, uTakashi Ishihara, futhi ngo-1984 izwe eliyisiqhingi laqala ukukhiqizwa kweSantana, nakuba ngaphansi kohlobo lwe-Nissan. INissan Santana ibitholakala ngezinjini ezintathu okuyi-1,8 ne-2,0 kaphethroli, ekhiqiza i-100 kanye ne-110 hp. ngokulandelana, kanye ne-1,6 turbodiesel ene-72 hp. Zonke izinjini zisebenze nge "mechanics" enamajubane amahlanu, futhi "i-othomathikhi" yamagiya amathathu yayitholakala kumayunithi kaphethiloli.
Ngaphandle, i-Japanese "Santana" yayihlukaniswa nge-grille ekhethekile nezibani. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iNissan Santana yayiyincane ngo-5mm kunozakwabo baseJalimane ukugwema intela yaseJapane yezimoto ezingaphezu kuka-1690mm ububanzi.
NgoMeyi 1985, inguqulo ye-Autobahn yeXi5 yengezwa ohlwini, yathola izihlalo zemidlalo, ama-sunroofs namasondo angu-14" alloy. NgoJanuwari 1987, kwenziwa ukulungiswa kobuso, ngenxa yokuthi iSantana yathola amabhampa amakhulu.
Ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto ze-Nissan Santana eJapane kwaphela ngo-1991 - i-giant yaseJalimane "yashintsha" i-Nissan neToyota.
IVolkswagen Santana (Brazil)
Imoto yaseJalimane yafika eBrazil ngo-1984. Lapha yethulwe ngenani elikhulu lokuguqulwa - i-sedan enezicabha ezine nezimbili, kanye nenqola yesiteshi se-Quantum. Ama-Santana aseBrazil ahlonyiswe ngezinjini ezingu-1,8 noma 2 litre ezingasebenzisa uphethiloli noma i-ethanol (!). Ekuqaleni, wonke amayunithi amandla abhanqiwe nge-gearbox ezine-speed manual, kusukela ngo-1987 kuye kwatholakala ukuguqulwa nge-gearbox esheshayo emihlanu.
Ithebula: Imininingwane yeVolkswagen Santana yaseBrazil
| Ubude mm | 4600 |
| Ububanzi mm | 1700 |
| Ukuphakama, mm | 1420 |
| Wheelbase mm | 2550 |
| Isisindo kg | 1160 |
Ngo-1991, ingxenye yaseBrazil yakwaVolkswagen yethula ibhizinisi elihlanganyelwe nabakwaFord. Kodwa-ke, esikhundleni sokuthuthukisa ukushintshwa okusha kwePassat (B2), kwanqunywa ukuthi kuthathwe indlela yokumelana okuncane futhi kwakhiwe kabusha iSantana. Uhlaka lomzimba, umugqa we-trunk, njll. kwashintshwa, okwavumela imoto ukuba ithole ukubukeka kwesimanje. ISantana entsha idayiswe eBrazil njengeFord Versailles nanjengeFord Galaxy yase-Argentina.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-"Santana" eBrazil ekugcineni kwancishiswa ngo-2002.
IVolkswagen Corsar (Mexico)
I-Santana, eyathola igama elithi Corsair ezweni elisha, yafika emakethe yaseMexico ngo-1984. E-Mexico, i-Corsair yayihloselwe ukuthi ibe ukunethezeka okuthengekayo futhi ingancintisani namamodeli aphakathi nendawo, kodwa ngokunethezeka njenge-Chrysler LeBaron "K", i-Chevrolet Celebrity, i-Ford Grand Marquis.
ICorsair ibihlome ngenjini engu-1,8 litre enamandla angu-85 hp, ehambisana nogearbox onamagiya amane ashintshwayo. Ngaphandle, "i-Mexican" yayibukeka njengozakwabo waseYurophu kunamamodeli aseMelika. Ngaphandle, i- "Corsair" yayihlukaniswa ngamalambu amane ayizikwele, amasondo angama-13-intshi alloy; ingaphakathi lalifakwe i-velor eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma empunga; kwakukhona isidlali-makhasethi, isistimu ye-alamu, isiteringi samandla.
Ngo-1986, i-Corsair yabuyekezwa - i-radiator grille yashintsha, izibuko zikagesi kanye nengaphakathi lesikhumba esimnyama kwatholakala njengenketho. Ngasohlangothini lwezobuchwepheshe, kwengezwe ugesi odonsa ngamagiya amahlanu ashintshwayo.
Ngo-1988, ukukhiqizwa kwe-"Corsairs" eMexico kwamisa ukuvumelanisa nokumiswa kokukhiqizwa kwemodeli "Santana" eYurophu. Kodwa-ke, ezweni laseLatin America abantu basajabulela ukushayela i-Corsairs, bephawula ukuthi lokhu akuyona nje into ethembekile, kodwa futhi imoto yesimo.
I-Volkswagen Carat (Argentina)
U-Santana wathola ukuzalwa okusha e-Argentina, lapho afinyelela khona ngo-1987; lapha yaziwa ngokuthi "Karat". Lapha, njengasezimakethe eziningi zaseMelika, ifakwe injini kaphethiloli engu-1,8 noma engu-2 litre, ehlanganiswe ne "mechanics" enesivinini ezinhlanu. Emisha yezobuchwepheshe, iKarat yayinokumiswa okuzimele okuzimele, isimo somoya, amafasitela kagesi. Nokho, ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto e-Argentina kwaphela ngo-1991.
Ithebula: izici zokuguqulwa kweVolkswagen Santana (Carat) yase-Argentina
| Injini engu-1,8 l | Injini engu-2,0 l | |
| Amandla, h. | 96 | 100 |
| Ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, l per 100 km | 10 | 11,2 |
| UMax. isivinini, km / h | 168 | 171 |
| Ubude mm | 4527 | |
| Ububanzi mm | 1708 | |
| Ukuphakama, mm | 1395 | |
| Wheelbase mm | 2550 | |
| Isisindo kg | 1081 | |
I-Santana entsha
Ngomhla zingama-29 kuMfumfu, 2012 eWolfsburg, eJalimane, kwethulwa iVolkswagen New Santana, eyenzelwe imakethe yaseShayina futhi yakhelwe ukuncintisana neSkoda Rapid, Seat Toledo neVolkswagen Jetta.
I-Silhouette, ikakhulukazi kuphrofayela ku-trunk, "i-Santana" entsha ifana ne "Skoda Rapid". Ingaphakathi le "Santana" entsha lihlukaniswa ngokuklama okucatshangelwayo kanye ne-ergonomics. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngisho naphansi, imoto inama-airbag, hhayi kuphela ngaphambili, kodwa futhi ezinhlangothini, air conditioning ngisho nezinzwa zokupaka.
I "Santana" entsha iyatholakala ngezinketho ezimbili zezinjini zikaphethiloli - 1,4 no-1,6 amalitha, amandla - 90 no-110 hp. ngokulandelana. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi injini encane idla amalitha angu-5,9 kaphethiloli ngebanga lika-100 km ngemodi exubile, kanti endala - amalitha ayi-6. Zombili zihambisana noguqulo oludonsa ngamagiya amahlanu ashintshwayo.
Ukushuna iVolkswagen Santana
Eqinisweni, azikho izingxenye ezisele eziqondile zeVolkswagen Santana emakethe yaseRussia - izingxenye ezisele kuphela ezivela ekuhlukaniseni. "Santana", njengoba bethi, "amapulazi ahlangene", esebenzisa le njongo izingxenye ezisele ezifanele ezivela "kwigalofu" lesithathu noma "Passat" (B3).
Inketho evame kakhulu yokushuna i-understatement. Intengo ejwayelekile yemithombo yokumiswa ingama-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyi-15. Futhi emotweni ungafaka ama-spoiler, i-double exhaust, "izibuko" kumalambu angaphambili.
Ividiyo: ukulungisa "Volkswagen Santana"
Ongoti bancike ekushuneni kwe-retro, mhlawumbe babuyekeze isithombe semoto ngokubunjwa kwe-chrome, njll.
Ku-"Santana" entsha kunezinketho eziningi zokulungisa - lezi "izinkophe" kumalambu angaphambili, ukungena komoya ku-hood, ezinye izibani zangemuva nezibuko, nokunye okuningi.
Uhlu lwamanani
E-Russia, i-"Santana" endala yahlala ikakhulukazi emadolobheni amancane. Ekuqaleni, imoto eyivelakancane, i-Santana ayikho esidingweni esikhethekile ezindaweni eziyinhloko zokuthengisa izimoto - kusukela ngoJanuwari 2018, kuphela ingxenye yeshumi nambili yalezi zimoto ezithengiswa ezweni lonke. Intengo emaphakathi yemoto 1982–1984 nge mileage 150 kuya ku-250 ayizinkulungwane km - mayelana 30-50 ayizinkulungwane ruble. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi iningi lezimoto zisahamba.
Impendulo yomnikazi
Isimo sengqondo kuma-"Santans" amadala sifakazelwa ngokucacile yiziteketiso abanikazi bazo ababanika zona ku-Drive2 - "i-tube sluggish", "peppy Fritz", "workhorse", "peppy old man", "silver assistant".
"I-Santanas", njengomthetho, ifa kubanikazi bayo noma ku-comrades "akhule" emishini enjalo, noma athengwe ukuze abuyiselwe. Abanikazi bezimoto iningi labo babhekene nokushoda kwezinsimbi. Kwesinye isikhathi "uSantana" oyedwa ohambeni izimoto ezintathu zabanikelayo. Umzimba weSantana uqinile, awumelani nokugqwala, injini inomthombo omude - izimoto eziningi zisahamba ezweni lonke ngendlela eziphuma ngayo emgqeni.
Idivayisi ibiyinhle kakhulu, ayizange yehluleke, ithengiswe ngemuva kokuncishwa. I-carburetor yenziwe kabusha ku-VAZ kusukela kwabayisishiyagalombili. Umzimba awubhubhi, ubukeka njenge-zinc, kodwa kube nezinkinga ngezingxenye ezisele ngokubukeka.
Ihhashi elihle nelithembekile) Ungalinge wehliselwe phansi emgwaqeni, ugibele buthule amabanga amade. Uma iphuka eduze kwendlu) Futhi ngakho-ke ihamba isilinganiso samakhilomitha angu-25 ngonyaka.
Ngithenge le moto ekuqaleni kwehlobo, ndawana thize ekuqaleni kukaJuni 2015. Kuthathwe ngaphansi kokubuyiselwa. Umbono wokuqala wawuwukwenza i-classic, kodwa yaphinde yazalwa yaba umdlalo. Injini iyathanda, i-byry ne-frisky. Umzimba usesimweni esiphelele.
I-Volkswagen Santana iyimoto, iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30 isebenza emazweni ahlukene futhi mhlawumbe engekho ngaphansi kwezimo ezingcono kakhulu, izibonakalise ukuthi iyihhashi langempela. I-Santana iyindlela enhle kokubili kwebhizinisi kanye nomphefumulo: ngisho nemoto yobudala ingagijima kalula emigwaqeni eminye iminyaka eyishumi, futhi uma ubeka uthando nomzamo omncane ku-Santana, uthola imoto ye-retro eyingqayizivele futhi emele. lokho ngokungangabazeki kuzoheha ukunakwa futhi kujabulise iso lomshayeli onenkani kakhulu.
