Umshayeli ngeso lengqondo

Ingxoxo noDorota Bonk-Gyda, iNhloko yoMnyango wezeNgqondo Yezokuthutha Emgwaqeni eSikhungweni Sezokuthutha.

UMnyango Wezokuthutha Psychology yisikhungo esihamba phambili ezweni esibhekana nezindaba ezithinta ukuziphatha kwabasebenzisi bomgwaqo.

Siyini isihloko somsebenzi wocwaningo onemininingwane?    

U-Dorothy Bank-Gaida: UMnyango Wezengqondo Wezokuthutha Emgwaqeni weSikhungo Sezokuthutha Ngezimoto ubhekana nokuhlaziywa kwezimbangela ezingokwengqondo zezingozi zomgwaqo kanye nezingozi. Sinaka ngokukhethekile ucwaningo lwesayensi lokuziphatha kwabashayeli mayelana nokusebenza kwabo ezimeni zethrafikhi, kusukela ekuziphatheni okuvamile ngokusebenzisa ithonya lezinto ezephula ukuphepha kwabahambi, futhi ziphethe nezehlakalo ezibeka impilo nempilo yabo engozini. abahlanganyeli.

Enye yezinkomba zokuhlaziywa kwethu futhi izici ezingokwengqondo zabashayeli abasebasha njengabahlukumezi abavamile bezingozi zomgwaqo - (abaneminyaka engu-18-24 ubudala). Ukwengeza, emnyangweni sibhekana nezimo ezingathandeki, i.e. izigameko zodlame emigwaqeni kanye nokudakwa kwabashayeli bezimoto. Ngenxa yolwazi nokubambisana kwethimba lethu elinamalabhorethri engqondo avela kulo lonke elasePoland, siyakwazi ukwenza izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokuhlaziya ebangeni elibanzi. Ngokubuyisela, sithola umthombo oyingqayizivele wolwazi mayelana nokuziphatha nemikhuba yabashayeli basendaweni. Ngifuna ukuqaphela ukuthi siwukuphela kwesikhungo socwaningo ePoland esithuthukisa izindlela zokucwaninga kwengqondo yabashayeli, futhi ukushicilelwa komnyango kuyizincwadi eziyingqayizivele emkhakheni wezokuthutha kwengqondo. 

Ukubaluleka kweyunithi yethu kuqinisekiswa yiqiniso lokuthi ukuhlolwa kwengqondo kwabashayeli kungenziwa kuphela isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo esineziqu zochwepheshe, okuqinisekiswe ngokungena kumarekhodi agcinwe yi-voivodeship marshals. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kwandiswe ulwazi emkhakheni wezokuphepha emgwaqeni, abasebenzi bomnyango bahileleke ngenkuthalo ekuqeqesheni ochwepheshe bezengqondo abafuna ukuthola iziqu ngokuqhuba amakilasi etiyetha kanye nama-practical nabafundi abaphothule emkhakheni wezokuthutha kwengqondo. Olunye uhlobo lokuqeqeshwa amasemina nokuqeqeshwa okukhethekile. Abemukeli, phakathi kwabanye amaphoyisa omgwaqo Esifunda, ochwepheshe bezobunhloli, ongoti bezengqondo kwezokuthutha. 

Ingabe izifundo ezenziwa elebhu ye-ZPT kanye nemiphumela yazo ziqinisekisa inkolelo ethandwayo mayelana nemikhuba emibi yabashayeli basePoland kanye ne-banal bravado yabo?

Ucwaningo lwesayensi olwenziwa emnyangweni luveza izinto ezithile ngendlela eqondile ngokucutshungulwa okunemininingwane yezimo zengqondo nezisusa zabashayeli. Imiphumela yakhelwe ukususa izinganekwane zomphakathi mayelana nethrafikhi, njengomphumela wotshwala ekushayeleni kahle. Njengososayensi, siyakuphikisa ukugebenga kwabasebenzisi bomgwaqo, njengabashayeli bezimoto nabashayeli bezithuthuthu, ngoba umgomo wethu ngaphezu kwakho konke ukukhuthaza imikhuba ephephile nokusabalalisa izimiso zesiko lokushayela nokuhloniphana emgwaqeni. 

Ukuhlaziywa kwezimo ezingokwengqondo kwezokuthutha kusivumela ukuthi sibonise amathuba okuba nomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kokuphepha emgwaqeni. Ngomuntu ngamunye, umshayeli ngamunye ohlolwayo elabhorethri yezengqondo yoMnyango, ngemva kokuhlolwa, uthola izincomo zendlela yokuthuthukisa induduzo yokusebenza emgwaqeni, kucatshangelwa amandla abo nobuthakathaka babo. Sivame ukubonisana nodokotela (ophthalmologists, neurologists) ukuhlola kahle ukungabikho noma ukuba khona kokuphikisana nokushayela njengengxenye yokuvimbela kumuntu onikeziwe. 

Kungenzeka yini ukuhlola, ngokusekelwe ekuhlaziyweni kwemiphumela yocwaningo eqoqiwe, lapho ukuhlukunyezwa kwethrafikhi kuvela khona?

Imisebenzi yoMnyango ihlanganisa nokwakhiwa kwezinhlelo zokuqeqesha nokuqeqesha kabusha amaqembu athile abashayeli noma ochwepheshe bezokuthutha. Umsebenzi wezemfundo womnyango nawo unomthelela ekwandiseni imiphumela yocwaningo lwethu ezingqungqutheleni zesayensi namasemina. Sihlaziya inani labashayeli basePoland ngokuya ngezici zabo ezithile zezengqondo, okuhlanganisa ukuthambekela kokuziphatha okuyingozi kuthrafikhi.

Sizama ukusabalalisa ulwazi lwethu ngokubamba iqhaza ngenkuthalo emikhankasweni yezenhlalo, isibonelo ngokuxwayisa ngokushayela udakiwe noma ngokukhuluma ngokuqondile nabashayeli abasha kanye nokuziphatha kwabo emgwaqeni. Ekugcineni, ngemisebenzi yethu, sizama ukufinyelela kokubili kochwepheshe bezokuphepha emgwaqeni kanye nenhlobonhlobo yabashayeli, kokubili abachwepheshile nabayizimfundamakhwela, okuhlanganisa nabezindaba, sihlinzeke ngokuhlolwa kochwepheshe okuchaza izimbangela nemiphumela yezenzo ezithile emgwaqeni. 

Kungenzeka yini, ngokwemithetho ekhona manje, kukhishwe abantu abangenalo ithuba lokushayela imoto ngaphambi kokuba bashayele?

Imithetho yamanje yezomthetho ekuhlolweni kwengqondo yabashayeli ibeka lesi sibopho eqenjini elithile labaphenduli. Ukuhlolwa okunjalo kuyimpoqo kubashayeli (amaloli, amabhasi), abathutha impahla, abashayeli bamatekisi, abashayeli bama-ambulensi, abafundisi bokushayela, abahloli kanye nalabo abaqokwe ukushayela abashayeli.

Lolu cwaningo luphinde luhlanganise abantu abathunyelwe amaphoyisa ngenkani ukuthi bayohlolwa. Yilaba: abenzi bengozi, abashayeli ababoshelwe ukushayela bephuzile noma ukweqa umkhawulo wamaphuzu angafaneleki. Umnyango wethu uthuthukisa izindlela zokuhlolwa kwengqondo yabashayeli, i.e. amasethi okuhlola nemihlahlandlela edingekayo ukuze kutholakale ukuhlonzwa okunembile nokunembile kwezimoto ezishayelayo ezingenhla. Ngeshwa, sihlola kuphela amakhandidethi abashayeli base-Poland ngokudluliselwa kukadokotela. Ngakho-ke, asinalo ithuba elingokomthetho lokuthonya abashayeli be-novice, futhi bayizigebengu zezingozi eziningi (abashayeli abaneminyaka engu-18-24 ubudala).

Ngenxa yalokho, amalayisense okushayela ngokuvamile anikezwa abantu abayaziyo imithetho yokushayela yomsebenzisi, kodwa bangase babe abangakhulile ngokomzwelo, abangakwazi ukuhlalisana nabanye abantu, abanobutha kanye nokuncintisana, noma besabe ngokweqile ngakho babe yingozi. Ukungabi bikho kokuhlolwa kwengqondo kwabazongenela ukhetho kubashayeli kusho ukuthi ilungelo lokushayela imoto linikezwa abantu abanezinkinga ezingokomzwelo nezingokwengqondo. Okunye ukushiyeka okubalulekile komthetho wasePoland ukuntuleka kokuhlolwa okuphoqelekile kwabantu asebekhulile nasebekhulile. Laba bashayeli bavame ukubeka usongo kubo nakwabanye, ngoba abakwazi ukuhlola kahle ukuthambekela kwabo kokushayela.

Uma bevolontiya ekwenzeni ucwaningo, bangafunda ulwazi oluningi olubalulekile mayelana nokulinganiselwa kwabo, okuzokwenza kube lula ngabo ukunquma ukuthi bazoqhubeka yini nokushayela bebodwa. Ngokubona kwami, ukwethulwa kokuhlolwa okuphoqelekile kwabashayeli kanye nabantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-XNUMX ubudala kuzokwandisa kakhulu ukuqwashisa kwalaba bantu futhi kuzonciphisa kakhulu inani lezingozi zomgwaqo ezidalwe yila maqembu abashayeli.

Isibopho sokuhlola ukuthi ukulungele yini ukushayela akufanele sidlulele kuphela kubantu abashayela izimoto ukuze bathole inzuzo, kodwa futhi nakubo bonke abantu abahililekile emgwaqeni, okungukuthi nakubashayeli bezimoto zabagibeli, abashayeli bezithuthuthu, njll. Izingozi zomgwaqo ziyiphutha. labashayeli bazo zonke izinhlobo zezimoto, kanye nokuhlolwa kokufaneleka okuhlelekile kuzodlala indima yokuvimbela neyokufundisa ngokuqondisa komuntu ngamunye kochwepheshe bezengqondo zethrafikhi.

I-Dorothy Bank-Guide, Massachusetts

Inhloko yoMnyango Wezengqondo Yezokuthutha Emgwaqeni e-Road Transport Institute eWarsaw.

Uthole iziqu ze-Faculty of Psychology e-University of Cardinal uStefan Wyshinsky eWarsaw. Uthole Iziqu ze-Postgraduate Studies ku-Transport Psychology. Ngo-2007 waphothula izifundo zakhe zobudokotela kwezomnotho e-University of Entrepreneurship and Management. ULeon Kozminsky eWarsaw. Isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo sigunyazwe ukwenza izivivinyo ezingokwengqondo zabashayeli.