Izinhlobo ze-brake fluid
I-Glycolic liquid
Uketshezi oluningi lwamabhuleki olusetshenziswa ezimotweni zesimanje lusekelwe kuma-glycols nama-polyglycols ngokungezwa kwenani elincane lezingxenye ezishintshayo. Ama-Glycols ama-alcohol e-dihydric anesethi edingekayo yezimpawu ezifanele ukusebenza kuma-hydraulic brake systems.
Kwenzeka ukuthi phakathi kwezigaba eziningana ezakhiwe ezinhlanganweni ezahlukene, okuhlukile okuvela eMnyangweni Wezokuthutha waseMelika (DOT) kwaqala. Zonke izidingo ze-DOT-marked brake fluids zichazwe ku-FMVSS No. 116.
Njengamanje, izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zoketshezi lwamabhuleki zisetshenziswa ezimotweni eziqhutshwa eRussian Federation.
- IDOTI-3. Iqukethe isisekelo se-glycol esingu-98%, u-2% osele ugcwele izithasiselo. Lolu ketshezi lwamabhuleki aluvamile ukusetshenziswa namuhla futhi seluthathelwe indawo yisizukulwane esilandelayo somugqa we-DOT. Esimeni esomile (ngaphandle kokuba khona kwamanzi ngevolumu) ibilisa ngaphambi kokufinyelela izinga lokushisa lika-+205 ° C. Ku-40 ° C, i-viscosity ayidluli i-1500 cSt (eyanele ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwesistimu ye-brake). Esimeni esiswakeme, ngamanzi angu-3,5% ngevolumu, ingabila kakade ekushiseni kuka +150°C. Kumasistimu amabhuleki esimanje, lona umkhawulo ophansi impela. Futhi akuthandeki ukusebenzisa lolu ketshezi ngesikhathi sokushayela okusebenzayo, noma ngabe umenzi wezimoto uyakuvumela. Inolaka lwamakhemikhali olwengeziwe maqondana nopende namavarnish, kanye namapulasitiki nemikhiqizo yenjoloba engafanele ukusebenza ngezisekelo ze-glycol.
- IDOTI-4. Ngokuphathelene nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali, isilinganiso sesisekelo nezithasiselo sicishe sifane noketshezi lwesizukulwane esedlule. Uketshezi lwe-DOT-4 lunephuzu lokubilisa elikhuphuke kakhulu kokubili esimweni esomile (okungenani +230 ° C) futhi esimweni esimanzi (okungenani +155 ° C). Futhi, ukuhlukunyezwa kwamakhemikhali kuyehla kancane ngenxa yezithako. Ngenxa yalesi sici, izigaba zangaphambili zoketshezi azinconywa ukuthi zisetshenziswe ezimotweni lapho uhlelo lokubhuleka lwenzelwe i-DOT-4. Ngokuphambene nenkolelo evamile, ukugcwalisa uketshezi olungalungile ngeke kubangele ukwehluleka okungazelelwe kwesistimu (lokhu kuzokwenzeka kuphela uma kwenzeka umonakalo obalulekile noma oseduze), kodwa kunganciphisa kakhulu impilo yezinto ezisebenzayo zesistimu ye-brake, njengamasilinda omphathi kanye nesigqila. Ngenxa yephakheji yokuhlanganisa ecebile, i-viscosity evumelekile ku -40 ° C ye-DOT-4 ikhuphuke yaba ngu-1800 cSt.
- IDOTI-5.1. I-high-tech brake fluid, umehluko omkhulu wayo i-viscosity ephansi. Ku-40°C, i-kinematic viscosity ingama-900 cSt. Uketshezi lwekilasi lwe-DOT-5.1 lusetshenziswa kakhulu kumasistimu amabhuleki alayishiwe, lapho kudingeka khona impendulo esheshayo nenembe kakhulu. Ngeke ibilise ngaphambi kokuthi ifinyelele +260°C uma yomile, futhi izohlala izinzile kuze kube +180°C uma imanzi. Akunconyelwe ukugcwaliswa ezimotweni ezihlala abantu ezidizayinelwe amanye amazinga oketshezi lwamabhuleki.
Zonke iziphuzo ezisekelwe ku-glycol ziyi-hygroscopic, okungukuthi, ziqoqa umswakama ovela emoyeni osemkhathini ngevolumu yawo. Ngakho-ke, lezi zinto eziwuketshezi, kuye ngekhwalithi yokuqala nezimo zokusebenza, zidinga ukushintshwa cishe kanye njalo eminyakeni engu-1-2.
Imingcele yangempela yoketshezi lwamabhuleki yesimanje ezimweni eziningi iphakeme kakhulu kunesidingo esidingekayo. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi emikhiqizweni yekilasi le-DOT-4 evame kakhulu evela engxenyeni yeprimiyamu.
I-DOT-5 Silicone Brake Fluid
Isisekelo se-silicone sinenani lezinzuzo ngaphezu kwesisekelo se-glycol esivamile.
Okokuqala, imelana kakhulu nezinga lokushisa elibi futhi ine-viscosity ephansi ku--40 ° C, kuphela i-900 cSt (efana ne-DOT-5.1).
Okwesibili, ama-silicone awajwayele ukunqwabelana amanzi. Okungenani, amanzi ku-silicone brake fluids awancibiliki futhi avame ukushona phansi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amathuba okuthi abilise kungazelelwe ngokuvamile azoba phansi. Ngesizathu esifanayo, impilo yesevisi ye-silicone uketshezi oluhle ifinyelela eminyakeni emi-5.
Okwesithathu, izici zokushisa eziphezulu ze-DOT-5 liquid zisezingeni le-DOT-5.1 yezobuchwepheshe. Indawo yokubilisa esimweni esomile - hhayi ngaphansi kuka +260 ° C, nokuqukethwe kwamanzi angu-3,5% ngevolumu - hhayi ngaphansi kuka +180 ° C.
Ububi obuyinhloko yi-viscosity ephansi, okuvame ukuholela ekuvuzeni okukhulu ngisho nokugqoka okuncane noma ukulimala kwezimpawu zenjoloba.
Abanye abakhiqizi bezimoto bakhethe ukwenza amabhuleki amasistimu oketshezi lwe-silicone. Futhi kulezi zimoto, ukusetshenziswa kwamanye ama-bunkers akuvunyelwe. Kodwa-ke, uketshezi lwe-silicone brake lungasetshenziswa ngaphandle kwemingcele engathi sína ezimotweni eziklanyelwe i-DOT-4 noma i-DOT-5.1. Kulesi simo, kuyinto efiselekayo ukususa ngokuphelele uhlelo bese ubuyisela izimpawu (uma kungenzeka) noma izingxenye ezindala, ezigugile emhlanganweni. Lokhu kuzonciphisa amathuba okuvuza okungesona isimo esiphuthumayo ngenxa ye-viscosity ephansi ye-silicone brake fluid.
