I-vacuum brake booster - idivayisi kanye nesimiso sokusebenza

Ukulawulwa okunembile kokuncishiswa kwemoto kungenzeka kuphela uma inani lomzamo osetshenziswe umshayeli ekunyaweni kwamukelekile. Kodwa amabhuleki anamandla ezimoto zanamuhla adinga ukwakhiwa kwezingcindezi ezibalulekile ohlelweni lwamabhuleki. Ngakho-ke, ukubukeka kwe-booster ye-brake sekuyisidingo, futhi isisombululo esingcono kakhulu ukusebenzisa i-vacuum emshinini wokungenisa injini. Yile ndlela i-vacuum brake booster (VUT) eyavela ngayo, manje esetshenziswa cishe kuzo zonke izimoto zokukhiqiza.

Inhloso ye-amplifier

Ukudinga amandla engeziwe kumshayeli kubukeka kungenangqondo uma kukhona amandla amakhulu eduze njengenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akudingekile ngisho nokusetshenziswa kwezinhlobo zomshini, zikagesi noma ze-hydraulic. Kukhona i-vacuum ku-multifold intake ngenxa yesenzo sokumpompa ama-pistons, esingasetshenziswa ngokuyiguqula ibe amandla omshini.

Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-amplifier ukusiza umshayeli lapho ebhuleka. Ukucindezela okuvamile futhi okunamandla ku-pedal kuyakhathaza, ukunemba kokulawulwa kokunciphisa kuyancipha. Lapho kukhona idivayisi ezokwenza, ngokuhambisana nomuntu, ibe nomthelela ekucindezelweni kwesistimu ye-brake, kokubili ukunethezeka nokuphepha kuzokwanda. Amasistimu wamabhuleki ngaphandle kweamplifier manje awakwazi ukuhlangana ezimotweni ezinkulu.

Isikimu sokukhulisa

I-amplifier block itholakala phakathi kwe-pedal assembly kanye ne-main brake cylinder (GTZ) ye-hydraulic drive. Ivamise ukugqama ngosayizi wayo obalulekile ngenxa yesidingo sokusebenzisa ulwelwesi lwendawo enkulu. I-WUT ihlanganisa:

• izindlu ze-hermetic ezikuvumela ukuthi ushintshe futhi ugcine izingcindezi ezahlukene emigodini yayo yangaphakathi;
• i-elastic diaphragm (i-membrane) ehlukanisa imigodi ye-atmospheric kanye ne-vacuum yomzimba;
• isiqu se-pedal;
• induku ye-cylinder ye-brake main;
• intwasahlobo icindezela i-diaphragm;
• i-valve yokulawula;
• i-vacuum ephuma ku-multifold yokungenisa lapho i-hose eguquguqukayo ixhunywe khona;
• isihlungi somoya womkhathi.

Lapho i-pedal ingacindezelwe, yomibili imigodi esezindlini ingcindezi yomoya, i-diaphragm icindezelwa isiphethu esibuyayo sibheke esiqwini se-pedal. Lapho isiqu sinyakaziswa, okungukuthi, i-pedal icindezelwe, i-valve ihambisa kabusha ingcindezi ngendlela yokuthi i-cavity ngemuva kwe-membrane ixhumane ne-multifold intake, futhi izinga lomkhathi ligcinwa ngakolunye uhlangothi.

Uma imoto ifakwe injini ye-diesel engenayo i-valve ye-throttle, futhi i-vacuum ku-multifolding incane, khona-ke i-vacuum ikhiqizwa ipompo ekhethekile eqhutshwa injini noma injini yayo kagesi. Naphezu kobunzima bomklamo, ngokuvamile, le ndlela iyazithethelela.

Umehluko wengcindezi phakathi kwezinhlangothi zangaphandle nezangaphakathi ze-diaphragm, ngenxa yendawo yayo enkulu, kudala amandla angeziwe abonakalayo asetshenziswa kunduku ye-GTZ. Igoqa ngamandla omlenze womshayeli, idale umphumela wokuqinisa. I-valve ilawula inani lamandla, ivimbele ukudalwa kokukhuphuka kwengcindezi nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kwamabhuleki. Ukushintshaniswa komoya phakathi kwamakamelo nomoya wenziwa ngesihlungi esivimbela ukuvala imigodi yangaphakathi. I-valve engabuyi ifakwe ekufakweni kwe-vacuum supply, engavumeli izinguquko zengcindezi yokuqapha ku-multifold intake.

Ukwethulwa kwama-electronics ku-amplifier

Umkhuba ojwayelekile kube ukubukeka kwemoto yabasizi be-elekthronikhi abaningi abasusa ingxenye yezidingo kumshayeli. Lokhu kuphinde kwasebenza kuma-vacuum amplifiers.

Uma kudingekile ukubhuleka ngokushesha, akubona bonke abashayeli abathatha isinyathelo ngomfutho oyifunayo. Kwasungulwa uhlelo losizo oluphuthumayo lokubhuleka, inzwa yalo eyakhelwe esakhiweni se-VUT. Ilinganisa isivinini sokunyakaza kwenduku, futhi ngokushesha nje lapho inani layo lidlula inani le-threshold, i-solenoid eyengeziwe ivuliwe, ihlanganisa ngokugcwele amakhono we-membrane, ivula i-valve yokulawula kuze kube phezulu.

Kwesinye isikhathi ukulawula okuzenzakalelayo kwe-VUT nakho kuyasetshenziswa. Ngomyalo wezinhlelo zokuzinza, i-valve ye-vacuum ivula, noma ngabe i-pedal ayicindezelwe nhlobo, futhi i-booster ifakwe ekusebenzeni kwezinye izindlela zokubopha ngaphansi kokulawulwa kwabasizi be-elekthronikhi.

Ukungasebenzi kahle nokulungiswa okungenzeka

Kunezinkinga ekukhuphuleni amandla ku-pedal yamabhuleki. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, khona-ke kufanele uhlole i-VUT ngendlela elula - cindezela i-pedal izikhathi eziningana injini imile, bese ubamba i-brake, qala injini. I-pedal kufanele ihambe ibanga elithile ngenxa ye-vacuum evelile.

Ukuphuka kuvame ukubangelwa ukuvuza kwe-diaphragm noma ukwehluleka kwevalvu yokulawula. Idizayini ayinakuhlukaniswa, i-VUT ithathelwa indawo njengomhlangano.

Ukulungiswa kuhlanganisa ukusetha inani elithile le-stroke yamahhala yenduku. Ukuze i-valve ivule ngesikhathi esifanele, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo akukho ukubhuleka okuzenzakalelayo. Kodwa ekusebenzeni, asikho isidingo salokhu, wonke ama-amplifiers avela kumkhiqizi osevele elungiswe kahle.