Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-crossover, SUV neSUV
Imigwaqo emihle ibilokhu yakhiwe, kodwa ukuchuma kwangempela kule mboni kwenzeka ekupheleni kwengxenye yokuqala yekhulu lama-20 nge-United States. Kwadalwa inethiwekhi yomgwaqo enkulu futhi yahlelwa, nayo yaba nomthelela ekwakhiweni kwezimoto eziningi. Bekungama-sedan ahamba phambili abagibeli anemvume ephansi, isisekelo esikhulu nama-overhang abalulekile. Izakhamuzi ezivamile zezindawo ezibushelelezi ze-asphalt zikakhonkolo.
Kodwa umlando wemoto awugcinanga lapho, futhi ngokungalindelekile, ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bezimoto ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-21 kuphendukele kolunye uhlangothi.
Naphezu kokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwemigwaqo, izimoto ezijwayele ukuhamba kunoma yiziphi izimo zaqala ukungena emfashini. Ama-SUV ayekhona ngaphambili, kodwa-ke ayedingeka ngempela.
Manje sekuwumdlalo, ngomqondo wasendulo wesiNgisi waleli gama, okungukuthi, umsebenzi wamadoda angenakho okunye ukuzijabulisa.
Ibukeka kanjani i-SUV?
Imoto evamile esetshenziswayo, inhloso yayo enkulu okuwukuhamba nempahla kanye nabagibeli abambalwa kunoma iyiphi indawo engeyona embi kakhulu enezintambo zezimoto ezidonswa amahhashi, isishintshile ngandlela thize.
Noma kunjalo, akekho owayefuna ukushintsha ukushayela imoto into efana nesenzo.
Ngakho-ke, izici eziyinhloko kuphela ze-SUV ziye zagcinwa futhi zasungulwa, lapho zingabonakala khona ngokunembile:
Owokuqala. Ngaphandle, inqola enkulukazi nevulekile yenqola yesiteshi, elungele ngokulinganayo uhambo lokuthenga nohambo olude.
Isici se-angularity kanye nokuthambekela okucacile okuya kumthamo omkhulu wangaphakathi, okuvame ukugcizelelwa i-rack rack ye-expeditionary ophahleni, kubangele ukuthambekela kokubhekisela ezinhlakeni ezifana negama elizimele elithi "SUV" noma "Jeep".
Owesibili. Isakhiwo samandla somzimba ngendlela yohlaka oluyisicaba lwamashaneli anamandla anama-spars amabili ubude bobude bemoto kanye nama-crossbar amaningi. Okubizwa ngokuthi uhlobo lwesitebhisi.
Inhloso yayo eyinhloko, ngendlela exakile, ukunikeza ukuguquguquka komzimba, ngaphandle kwalokho akukho lutho olwenziwa kumodi engekho emgwaqeni njalo. Isakhiwo esiqinile sizoba sikhulu kakhulu noma sihlukane nokugcwala ngokweqile.
Yebo, futhi ukulandelela ubuso ngawo wonke amasondo amane kudinga ukuguquguquka. Kodwa izimoto zanamuhla zidinga ifreyimu ngaphezulu ukuze zikhululeke. Ihlukanisa ngokuphumelelayo ingaphakathi kuwo wonke ama-vicissitudes atholwa i-chassis.
Elesithathu. I-geometrically, imoto ijwayele kangcono iphrofayili yomgwaqo eyinkimbinkimbi kunezimoto ezivamile.
Ukuvunyelwa komhlabathi (ukususwa) kuye kwanda, okubizwa ngokuthi i-ramp angle ibalulekile, okukuvumela ukuthi ugibele izithiyo ngokunganaki, ama-overhangs angaphambili nangemuva mancane, anquma ama-engeli aphezulu okungena nokuphuma kuma-ledges kanye nama-curbs. .
Okwesine. Amayunithi kagesi asikisela ukuba khona kwenjini enamandla, engcono kunenjini kadizili, ayonga kakhulu futhi ahlala isikhathi eside, ukuthutha okuyinkimbinkimbi okuphuma emgwaqeni okudonsa ngawo wonke amasondo namandla athuthukile okwandisa itorque.
Enkabeni yazo yonke into kukhona icala lokudlulisa, lapho isilawuli semodi sikhona futhi i-demultiplier ifakiwe, lokhu kuyi-downshift eyengeziwe.
Okwesihlanu. Ukumiswa okuhle ngaphandle komgwaqo kufanele kuhlanganise izakhiwo eziningi, ngokuvamile eziphambene ngokuqondile.
Ukushayela ku-asphalt, futhi eziningi zalezi zimoto zichitha impilo yazo yonke lapho, kufanele zinikeze ukuphathwa okuhloniphekile, ngaphandle kwalokho imoto izogxekwa ngokushesha emaphephandabeni futhi ngeke ithengwe.
Yebo, futhi akekho okhansele ukuphepha, kodwa emigwaqweni udinga ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okungapheli, ukuhamba kwamasondo amakhulu, ukuphepha nokuqina. Yengeza lokhu ngesifiso esijwayelekile somnotho futhi kuzocaca ukuthi yimuphi umsebenzi onzima okufanele siwuxazulule.
Ngaphandle kwentengo ephezulu ehambisana nakho konke, amaSUV afunwa kakhulu, ahlonishwayo, aphinde adala nezinye izigaba zezimoto.
Iyini i-parquet floor
Igama livele njengokubukeka kwezimoto ezibukeka njenge-SUVs, kodwa azifanelekile ngokuphelele ukushayela emigwaqweni emibi. Okusho ukuthi, konke ukuvumelana phakathi kwezimfanelo zezimoto zomgwaqo kanye nezimoto ezihamba kuzo zonke izindawo kushintshelwe kakhulu kweyangaphambili.
Ngakho-ke iseluleko esihlokweni, esikhuluma ngohlobo olufaneleka kakhulu lokumboza izimoto ezinjalo.
Nokho, zonke izimpawu zangaphandle kanye nengxenye yangaphakathi zikhona. Umzimba ovulekile, ononya, nakuba uthanjisiwe ubheke ku-aerodynamics, ukubukeka, idrayivu yamasondo wonke ngokuvamile igcinwa, nakuba inguqulo eyenziwe lula. Imisebenzi engekho emgwaqeni yokudlulisela isusiwe noma yenziwe buthaka futhi yazenzakalela.
Amandla enjini adingeka lapha kakhulu ngesivinini namandla kunodaka olujulile, isihlabathi neqhwa. I-geometry ingcono kancane kunaleyo yama-sedans nama-hatchbacks, kodwa ikude nayo yonke indawo. Amasondo amakhulu ahlala njengento yokuklama, kuyilapho amathayi aphansi efakwe engafaneleki emigwaqweni ephukile.
Kodwa ama-SUV anokuphatha kahle kakhulu, ukuhlala kalula kubashayeli, umzimba oqinile othwala umthwalo kanye nokunethezeka okuphezulu ngaphakathi ekhabetheni. Intengo, yebo, nayo isezingeni eliphakeme.
Izimoto zilungele ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke, ukonga kakhulu kunezimoto ezingekho emgwaqeni, zikuvumela ukuthi unqobe ubunzima obuncane besimo sezulu kanye nekhilomitha lokugcina lokungena endlini yezwe.
Akumangalisi ukuthi ngokushesha baba nemfashini futhi bawina umncintiswano wemoto evamile yomgibeli. Manje isiyisigaba esikhulu kunazo zonke emakethe.
Izici ze-Crossover
Igama ngokwalo lisho inhlanganisela ekilasini elilodwa lezimoto nezici zamakilasi amabili noma ngaphezulu. Ama-hybrids angavamile, nakuba leli gama lihlala eminye imishini.
I-crossover evamile iyi-symbiosis ye-SUV kanye nenqola yesiteshi sabagibeli, nakuba kukhona ama-crossovers asekelwe kuma-sedans, ama-coupes, ama-hatchbacks ngisho nama-convertibles.
Iqoqo elijwayelekile lezakhiwo nalo senziwe, elingashiyi okunye ukusetshenziswa:
- umzimba ngokuvamile uneminyango emihlanu, kuhlanganise neyodwa yendawo yemithwalo;
- injini itholakala ngaphesheya phambi kwemoto;
- izimoto ezikusizindalwazi zingamasondo angaphambili, kodwa futhi zinenguqulo yokushayela wonke amasondo ngemali ekhokhwayo;
- idrayivu emasondweni angemuva yenziwa ngecala lokudlulisa elilula ngendlela ye-angular gearbox;
- i-axle yangemuva ixhunywe ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokusebenzisa i-friction kagesi noma i-hydraulic clutch efakwe ebhulokhini nge-gearbox ye-axle yangemuva;
- imvume yomhlabathi ingamasentimitha ayi-15-20, ama-overhangs ayancishiswa.
Ama-Crossovers akhiwe kumapulatifomu ezimoto zabagibeli futhi cishe awasebenzisi amayunithi e-SUV akhiqizwa inkampani efanayo. Alukho uhlaka olusetshenziswayo, nakuba ozimele abancane bafakiwe ukuthuthukisa ukunethezeka nokuphatha.
Isifiso sokuzisungula emkhakheni othandwayo siholela ezimweni ezifuna ukwazi lapho i-hatchback iphakanyiswa kancane, okungukuthi, ngokukhuphuka kwemvume yomhlabathi, ibizwa ngokuthi i-crossover, bese inguqulo yayo ehlukile ikhishwa.
Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, kwenzeka nge-X-ray ye-Lada yasekhaya. Okunye okuhlekisayo ukubukeka kwama-crossovers avela eLamborghini, Bentley, Rolls-Royce kanye neFerrari. Imfashini kanye nesidingo sokulandela izitayela zayo kubalulekile ekuchumeni kwezinkampani zezimoto.
