Kudivayisi, ukungasebenzi kanye nokulungiswa injini Vaz 2106

Injini ye-VAZ 2106 ibhekwa njengeyimpumelelo kunazo zonke kuwo wonke umugqa wamayunithi we-Zhiguli. Futhi kungenxa yakhe ukuthi "isithupha" sikweleta ukuthandwa kwayo.

Izici eziyinhloko injini Vaz 2106

I-VAZ 2106 power plant iyinguqulo ethuthukisiwe yenjini ye-2103. Ngokwandisa ububanzi besilinda, abathuthukisi bakwazi ukukhulisa amandla enjini kusuka ku-71 kuya ku-74 yamahhashi. Okunye ukwakhiwa kwenjini akukashintshi.

Injini ye-VAZ 2106 ibhekwa njengengcono kakhulu kuzo zonke izinjini ze-Zhiguli

Ithebula: izici amandla unit Vaz 2106

Izikhundla	Izici
uhlobo lwamafutha	I-petroli
Fuel brand	I-AI-92
indlela yokujova	I-Carburetor/injector
Impahla yebhulokhi eyisilinda	Insimbi
Impahla yekhanda le-BC	I-aluminium alloy
Isisindo seyunithi, kg	121
Indawo yesilinda	Umugqa
Inombolo yamasilinda, ama-pcs	4
Ububanzi bepiston, mm	79
I-Piston stroke, mm	80
Umthamo wokusebenza wawo wonke amasilinda, cm3	1569
Amandla amakhulu, l. Nge.	74
I-Torque, Nm	87,3
Isilinganiso sokucindezela	8,5
Ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli (umgwaqo omkhulu/idolobha, okuxubile), l/100 km	7,8/12/9,2
Isisetshenziswa senjini esimenyezelwe umenzi, inkulungwane yamakhilomitha.	120000
Insiza yangempela, inkulungwane yamakhilomitha.	200000
Lena indawo ka-Camshaft	Ngaphezulu
Ububanzi bezigaba zokusabalalisa igesi,0	232
I-exhaust valve advance angle,0	42
ukuntuleka kwe-valve,0	40
Ububanzi bezimpawu ze-camshaft, mm	40 futhi 56
Ububanzi bezimpawu ze-camshaft, mm	7
izinto ze-crankshaft	Insimbi yokusakaza (casting)
Ububanzi bentamo, mm	50,795-50,775
Inani lama-bearings ayinhloko, ama-pcs	5
Ububanzi be-Flywheel, mm	277,5
Ububanzi bembobo engaphakathi, mm	25,67
Inombolo yamazinyo omqhele, ama-pcs	129
Isisindo se-flywheel, g	620
Amafutha enjini anconyiwe	5W-30, 15W-40
Umthamo kawoyela wenjini, l	3,75
Ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha enjini okuphezulu nge-1000 km, l	0,7
Isipholile esinconyiwe	Isinqandi-mkhathi u-A-40
Inani elidingekayo lokupholisa, l	9,85
Isikhathi sokushayela	Chain
Ukuhleleka kwamasilinda	1–3–4–2

Okuningi mayelana nedivayisi ye-VAZ-2106: https://bumper.guru/klassicheskie-modeli-vaz/poleznoe/gabarityi-vaz-2106.html

Idivayisi ye-VAZ 2106 injini

Ukwakhiwa kweyunithi yamandla i-VAZ 2106 kuqukethe izinhlelo ezine kanye nezinqubo ezimbili.

Ithebula: amasistimu kanye nezindlela zenjini ye-VAZ 2106

Amasistimu	Izindlela
Ukunikezwa kwamandla kagesi	I-Crank
Ukuthungela	ukusatshalaliswa kwegesi
Izinto zokugcoba
ukupholisa

Isistimu yokunikeza amandla i-VAZ 2106

Uhlelo lokunikezwa kwamandla luklanyelwe ukuhlanza uphethiloli nomoya, ukulungisa ingxube ye-fuel-air kusuka kubo, ukuhlinzeka ngesikhathi kumasilinda, kanye nokukhipha amagesi. Ku-VAZ 2106, siqukethe izici ezilandelayo:

• ithangi elinenzwa yezinga likaphethiloli;
• isihlungi sikaphethiloli;
• iphampu kaphethiloli;
• i-carburetor;
• isihlungi sokuhlanza umoya;
• izintambo zikaphethiloli nezomoya;
• ukudla okuningi;
• i-exhaust eningi.
  

  Amafutha asuka ethangini anikezwa ku-carburetor kusetshenziswa ipompo yepompo engumshini

Isebenza kanjani i-VAZ 2106 power system

Ukunikezwa kukaphethiloli ethangini kwenziwa kusetshenziswa ipompo likaphethiloli lohlobo lwe-diaphragm. Idivayisi inomklamo womshini futhi iqhutshwa yi-pusher esuka ku-eccentric ye-auxiliary drive shaft. Kukhona isihlungi esihle phambi kwepompo likaphethiloli, elibamba izinhlayiya ezincane kakhulu zemfucumfucu nomswakama. Kusuka empompo kaphethiloli, uphethiloli unikezwa i-carburetor, lapho ixubene khona ngesilinganiso esithile nomoya ohlanjululwe ngaphambili, futhi ingena ku-multifold intake njengengxube. Amagesi e-exhaust akhishwa emakamelweni avuthayo ngokusebenzisa i-exhaust manifold, ipayipi eliphansi kanye ne-muffler.

Ividiyo: umgomo wokusebenza kwesistimu yamandla enjini ye-carburetor

Isistimu yokuthungela i-VAZ 2106

Ekuqaleni, "abayisithupha" babefakwe isistimu yokuthungela. Yayihlanganisa ama-node alandelayo:

• inkinobho yokushisa (ukukhiya);
• ibhethri;
• ijeneretha;
• ikhoyili yokushisa;
• i-voltage distributor ene-breaker;
• izintambo ezinamandla amakhulu;
• Amakhandlela.
  

  Izinjini ze-VAZ 2106 zazifakwe izinhlelo zokuthungela nokungathintana nazo

Ngokuzayo, isistimu yokuthungela yaba yesimanje. Esikhundleni sesiphazamisi, esasetshenziselwa ukudala umfutho kagesi futhi sidinga ukulungiswa njalo kokuxhumana, i-switch electronic kanye ne-Hall sensor yasetshenziswa.

Isimiso sokusebenza kokuxhumana kanye nezinhlelo zokuthungela ezingathinteki ze-VAZ 2106

Kuhlelo lokuxhumana, lapho ukhiye wokuthungela uphendukile, i-voltage isetshenziswa kusuka kubhethri kuya kukhoyili, esebenza njenge-transformer. Uma udlula emawindini ayo, i-voltage ikhuphuka izikhathi eziyizinkulungwane ezimbalwa. Khona-ke ilandela othintana nabo be-breaker, lapho iphenduka khona ibe yizimpumputhe zikagesi bese ingena kwisilayidi sokusabalalisa, "esithwala" samanje ngokusebenzisa othintana nabo bekhava. Othintwayo ngamunye unentambo yakhe enamandla kagesi eyixhuma kuma-spark plug. Ngayo, i-voltage ye-impulse idluliselwa kuma-electrode ekhandlela.

Isistimu yokungathinteki isebenza ngokuhlukile kancane. Lapha, inzwa yeHholo efakwe endlini yokusabalalisa ifunda indawo ye-crankshaft futhi ithumela isignali ku-switch electronic. Iswishi, esekelwe kudatha etholiwe, isebenzisa amandla kagesi aphansi kagesi kukhoyili. Kusuka kuwo, i-current iphinde igeleze ku-distributor, lapho "ihlakazeka" emakhandlela ngokusebenzisa isilayidi, othintana nabo bekhava kanye nezintambo eziphezulu ze-voltage.

Ividiyo: Isistimu yokuthungela yokuxhumana ye-VAZ 2106

Isistimu yokugcoba i-VAZ 2106

Uhlelo lokugcoba lwesitshalo samandla se-VAZ 2106 luhlobo oluhlanganisiwe: uwoyela unikezwa kwezinye izingxenye ngaphansi kwengcindezi, kanti kwabanye ngokufafaza. Umklamo wayo uqukethe:

• i-crankcase yokugcina amafutha;
• iphampu kawoyela enesamukeli samafutha, i-valve yokunciphisa ingcindezi nesihlungi esimahhadla;
• isihlungi esihle samafutha;
• iziteshi zamafutha ezitholakala ngaphakathi kwe-cylinder block kanye nekhanda le-cylinder;
• inzwa yokucindezela kawoyela ephuthumayo.
  

  Isistimu yokugcoba i-VAZ 2106 futhi yenza umsebenzi wokupholisa

Indlela i-VAZ 2106 lubrication system isebenza ngayo

Ukujikeleza kwe-lubricant ohlelweni kunikezwa iphampu yamafutha. Inomklamo olula wemishini osuselwe kumagiya amabili (umshayeli noshayelwa). Ngokujikeleza, zenza i-vacuum endaweni yokungena yepompo kanye nengcindezi endaweni yokuphuma. Ukushayela kwedivayisi kunikezwa kusuka ku-shaft yamayunithi asizayo ngegiya layo, elisebenzisana negiya lepompo likawoyela.

Ukushiya iphampu, i-lubricant inikezwa ngesiteshi esikhethekile kusihlungi esihle sokugeleza okuphelele, futhi sisuka kuso siye emgqeni omkhulu kawoyela, ukusuka lapho sithwalwa khona siye ezintweni ezihambayo nezishisisayo zenjini.

Ividiyo: ukusebenza kwesistimu yokugcoba i-VAZ 2106

Uhlelo lokupholisa

Isistimu yokupholisa yeyunithi yamandla ye-VAZ 2106 inomklamo ovaliwe, lapho isiqandisi sijikeleza ngaphansi kwengcindezi. Isebenza kokubili ukupholisa injini nokugcina izimo zayo ezishisayo zokusebenza. Isakhiwo sohlelo sithi:

• iphampu yamanzi (ipompo);
• i-thermostat;
• i-radiator ene-fan kagesi;
• inzwa yokupholisa i-fan activation;
• inzwa yokushisa;
• i-radiator yokushisa;
• ithangi lokunweba;
• amapayipi okuxhuma;
• ijakhethi yokupholisa injini.
  

  Injini ye-VAZ 2106 ifakwe uhlelo lokupholisa uketshezi oluvaliwe

Indlela yokupholisa i-VAZ 2106 isebenza kanjani

Ijazi lokupholisa eliwuketshezi inethiwekhi yamashaneli atholakala ngaphakathi kwekhanda lesilinda kanye nebhulokhi yesilinda yeyunithi yamandla. Igcwele ngokuphelele isipholile. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenjini, i-crankshaft izungeza ipulley ye-fluid pump rotor drive ngebhande le-V. Ngakolunye uhlangothi lwe-rotor kukhona i-impeller ephoqa isiqandisisi ukuba sijikeleze ngejazi. Ngakho, ingcindezi elingana ne-1,3-1,5 emkhathini idalwe ohlelweni.

Funda mayelana nedivayisi kanye nokulungiswa kwesistimu yekhanda lesilinda: https://bumper.guru/klassicheskie-modeli-vaz/grm/poryadok-zatyazhki-golovki-bloka-cilindrov-vaz-2106.html

Ukuhamba ngeziteshi zeyunithi yamandla, isiqandisi sinciphisa izinga lokushisa layo, kodwa siyazishisa ngokwaso. Lapho uketshezi lungena kurediyetha yokupholisa, lukhipha ukushisa kumashubhu namapuleti edivayisi. Ngenxa yokuklama komshini wokushisa nomoya ojikelezayo njalo, izinga lokushisa layo liyancishiswa. Khona-ke isiqandisi singena enjinini futhi, siphinda umjikelezo. Uma isipholile sifinyelela emazingeni okushisa abucayi, kuqalwa inzwa ekhethekile, evula ifeni. Yenza ukupholisa okuphoqelekile kwerediyetha, iyiphephethe ngemuva ngomoya.

Ukuze injini ifudumale ngokushesha esimweni sezulu esibandayo futhi ingashisi ngokweqile ehlobo, i-thermostat ifakiwe ekwakhiweni kwesistimu. Indima yayo ukulawula isiqondiso sesipholisa. Uma injini ibanda, isisetshenziswa asivumeli isibandisi singene kurediyetha, siyiphoqa ukuba sihambe ngaphakathi enjinini kuphela. Lapho uketshezi ukushisisa lokushisa 80-85⁰I-thermostat iyasebenza, futhi isiqandisi sizungeza kakade kumbuthano omkhulu, sifaka isishintshi sokushisa ukuze sipholile.

Uma kushisa, isipholile siyakhula ngevolumu, futhi sidinga ukuya ndawana thize. Kulezi zinhloso, kusetshenziswa ithangi lokunweba - ithangi lepulasitiki lapho kuqoqwa khona isiqandisi esiningi kanye nomhwamuko wawo.

Ngaphezu kokwehlisa izinga lokushisa kwenjini nokugcina amandla ayo okushisa, uhlelo lokupholisa luphinde lusebenze ekushiseleni indawo yabagibeli. Lokhu kufinyelelwa nge-radiator eyengeziwe efakwe kumojuli ye-heater. Lapho isiqandisi singena kuso, umzimba wayo uyashisa, ngenxa yokuthi umoya osemodulini uyashiswa. Ukushisa kungena ekhabetheni ngenxa yefeni likagesi elifakwe endaweni yokungena "isitofu".

Ividiyo: Umdwebo wesistimu yokupholisa ye-VAZ 2106

Umshini we-Crankshaft VAZ 2106

I-crank mechanism (KShM) iwumshini oyinhloko wesikhungo samandla. Isebenza ukuguqula ukunyakaza okuphindaphindayo kwepiston ngayinye ibe ukunyakaza okujikelezayo kwe-crankshaft. Indlela yokwenza iqukethe:

• i-cylinder block;
• amakhanda amabhlogo;
• i-crankshaft;
• i-flywheel;
• izakhi zeqembu le-piston (izinduku, ama-piston, izindandatho ze-piston nezikhonkwane).
  

  I-crank mechanism isetshenziselwa ukuguqula ukunyakaza okuphindaphindayo kwamapiston kube ukunyakaza okujikelezayo kwe-crankshaft.

Umgomo wokusebenza kwe-KShM

I-piston enezansi yayo ithola amandla adalwe ukucindezela kwengxube evuthayo evuthayo. Uyidlulisela endukwini yokuxhuma, lapho yena ngokwakhe ehlanganiswe ngomunwe. Lesi sakamuva, ngaphansi kwethonya lengcindezi, siya phansi futhi sisunduze i-crankshaft, lapho intamo engezansi ichazwa ngayo. Uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi kukhona pistons ezine injini Vaz 2106, futhi ngamunye wabo uhamba ngaphandle komunye nomunye, crankshaft uzungeza ohlangothini olulodwa, bephushwa pistons ngokulandelana. Ukuphela kwe-crankshaft kufakwe i-flywheel, eklanyelwe ukudambisa ukudlidliza okujikelezayo, kanye nokwandisa inertia ye-shaft.

I-piston ngayinye ifakwe izindandatho ezintathu. Ababili babo basebenzela ukudala ingcindezi ku-cylinder, okwesithathu - ukuhlanza izindonga ze-cylinder emafutheni.

Ividiyo: i-crank mechanism

Indlela yokusabalalisa igesi i-VAZ 2106

Indlela yokusabalalisa igesi (isikhathi) senjini iyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukungena ngesikhathi kwengxube ye-fuel-air emakamelweni omlilo, kanye nokukhululwa kwemikhiqizo evuthayo kuwo. Ngamanye amazwi, kufanele avale futhi avule ama-valve ngesikhathi. Idizayini yesikhathi ihlanganisa:

• i-camshaft;
• ama-valve;
• abaphushayo;
• push izinduku;
• izingalo ze-rocker;
• izakhi zokushayela (izinkanyezi ze-camshaft ne-crankshaft, iketanga lokushayela eline-damper, i-tensioner, isicathulo).
  

  Indlela yokusabalalisa igesi ye-VAZ 2106 iqhutshwa yi-chain drive esuka ku-crankshaft

Isebenza kanjani isikhathi se-VAZ 2106

Isici esiyinhloko sesikhathi senjini yi-camshaft. Nguye lowo, ngosizo lwamakhamera atholakala ngobude bayo bonke, ngokusebenzisa izingxenye ezengeziwe (ama-pusher, izinduku nezingalo ze-rocker) asebenze ama-valve, avule futhi avale amafasitela ahambisanayo emakamelweni omlilo.

I-crankshaft izungeza i-camshaft ngokusebenzisa iketango eliqinile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isivinini sokujikeleza sakamuva, ngenxa yokuhluka kobukhulu bezinkanyezi, singaphansi ngokuphindwe kabili. Ngesikhathi sokujikeleza, amakhamera e-camshaft asebenza kuma-pusher, adlulisela amandla ezintini. Laba bamuva bacindezela izingalo ze-rocker, futhi bacindezela iziqu ze-valve.

Ekusebenzeni komshini, i-synchronism yokujikeleza kwe-crankshaft ne-camshaft ibaluleke kakhulu. Ukufuduka okuncane komunye wabo kuholela ekwephuleni izigaba zokusabalalisa igesi, okuthinta kabi ukusebenza kweyunithi yamandla.

Ividiyo: umgomo wokusebenza kwendlela yokusabalalisa igesi

Umgomo wokusebenza kwendlela yokusabalalisa igesi

Ukungasebenzi kahle kwenjini ye-VAZ 2106 kanye nezimpawu zabo

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi inokwethenjelwa kangakanani injini "eziyisithupha", ngeshwa, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ehluleka. Kungaba nanoma iyiphi inombolo yezizathu zokuwohloka kweyunithi yamandla, kusukela ekuqhekekeni kwe-banal kwenye yezintambo futhi kugcine ngokuguga kwezingxenye zeqembu le-piston. Ukuze unqume imbangela yokungasebenzi kahle, kubalulekile ukuqonda izimpawu zayo.

Izimpawu zokuthi injini ye-VAZ 2106 idinga ukulungiswa ingaba:

• ukungakwazi ukuqala (kungaba kubanda noma kushisa);
• ijubane eliphindwe kathathu, "elintantayo", ukungenzi kahle okungazinzile;
• ukunciphisa amandla ekuqaleni, ngaphansi komthwalo;
• ukushisa ngokweqile;
• ukubukeka komsindo ongaphandle (ukushaya, ukushaya);
• ukushintsha umbala wokukhipha (intuthu emhlophe noma empunga).

Kufanele kukhunjulwe lapha ukuthi noma iyiphi yalezi zimpawu ayikwazi ukukhombisa ngokuqondile ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-node ethile, indlela noma uhlelo, ngakho-ke, ukuxilonga kufanele kusondele ngokuphelele, kuhlolwe kabusha iziphetho zakho.

Injini ngeke iqale nhlobo

Uma, ngebhethri elishajiwe kanye nesiqalisi esisebenza ngokujwayelekile, iyunithi yamandla ingaqali futhi "ingabambi", udinga ukuhlola:

• ikhoyili yokushisa;
• isiphazamisi (inzwa yehholo, shintsha);
• isilayidi kanye noxhumana nabo bekhava yokusabalalisa;
• izintambo eziphezulu ze-voltage ezinama-lugs;
• ipulaki yenhlansi;
• iphampu kaphethiloli;
• isihlungi ekufakeni amafutha e-carburetor;
• i-valve engasebenzi.

Ukungabikho kwezimpawu zempilo yenjini kuwumphumela wokungasebenzi kahle ohlelweni lokuthungela noma ohlelweni lwamandla. Kungcono ukuqala ukuxilonga ngokuthungela, "ukukhala" isifunda ngomhloli, futhi uhlole ukuthi kukhona i-voltage kusici ngasinye. Njengomphumela wesheke elinjalo, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi kukhona inhlansi kuma-spark plugs ngesikhathi sokujikeleza kwesiqalisi. Uma ingekho inhlansi, kufanele uhlole inodi ngayinye yesistimu.

Imininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana nenhlansi ku-VAZ 2106: https://bumper.guru/klassicheskie-modeli-vaz/elektrooborudovanie/zazhiganie/net-iskry-vaz-2106.html

Ingqikithi yokuhlola uhlelo ukuqonda ukuthi uphethiloli ufinyelela ku-carburetor nokuthi uyangena yini kumasilinda. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukunqamula ipayipi lokuphuma lepompo likaphethiloli ku-carburetor, ulifake kwesinye isitsha, bese upheqa ngesiqalisi. Uma uphethiloli ungena emkhunjini, konke kuhamba ngokuhlelekile ngepompo nesihlungi.

Ukuhlola i-carburetor, kwanele ukususa isihlungi somoya kanye nesembozo esiphezulu kuso. Okulandelayo, udinga ukudonsa ngokuqinile ikhebula le-accelerator bese ubheka ekamelweni lesibili. Kuleli qophelo, kufanele ukwazi ukubona umfudlana omncane kaphethiloli oqondiswe kubuningi bokudla. Lokhu kusho ukuthi iphampu ye-accelerator ye-carburetor isebenza ngokujwayelekile. Ayikho i-trickle - i-carburetor idinga ukulungiswa noma ukulungiswa.

Kufanelekile ukuhlola i-valve engenzi lutho. Uma ihluleka, injini ngeke iqale. Ukuze uyihlole, udinga ukuyikhulula kukhava ye-carburetor bese unqamula intambo yamandla. Okulandelayo, i-valve kufanele ixhunywe ngqo kumatheminali ebhethri. Ngesikhathi sokuxhuma, isici sokuchofoza sokusebenza kwe-electromagnetic kufanele izwakale kahle, futhi induku yedivayisi kufanele ihlehle.

Ividiyo: kungani imoto ingaqali

Imoto ngeke isuke!.. Zaphinda zahluleka IINTAMBO!

Injini iyi-troit, kukhona ukwephulwa kokungenzi lutho

Inkinga yeyunithi yamandla kanye nokwephulwa kwe-idling kungabangelwa:

• ukwehluleka kwe-spark plugs eyodwa noma ngaphezulu;
• ukuphuka kocingo olunamandla kagesi;
• othintana naye ovuthayo wekhava yokusabalalisa;
• ukuvala isihlungi esihle sikaphethiloli;
• ukuvinjelwa kwesihlungi ekufakweni kwe-inlet ye-carburetor;
• ukulungiswa okungalungile kwe-carburetor.

Njengasesimeni esidlule, lapha kungcono ukuqala ukuxilongwa ngesistimu yokuthungela. Kufanele uhlole ngokushesha inhlansi kuma-electrode amakhandlela futhi ulinganise ukumelana kwentambo ngayinye ye-high-voltage. Okulandelayo, ikhava yokusabalalisa iyasuswa futhi isimo soxhumana nabo siyahlolwa. Uma kwenzeka ukushiswa kwabo, kuyadingeka ukuwahlanza ku-soot, noma esikhundleni sekhava.

Ukuxilongwa kwesihlungi esihle kwenziwa ngokunquma ukuphuma kwaso, njengoba kuchazwe ngenhla. Kodwa ngokuqondene nesihlungi se-carburetor, kufanele sikhishwe kukhava, futhi, uma kunesidingo, sivuthwe ngomoya ocindezelwe.

Uma ngemuva kwalezi zigaba zokuxilonga izimpawu zihlala, kuyadingeka ukulungisa i-carburetor, okungukuthi ikhwalithi yengxube kanye nezinga likaphethiloli ekamelweni le-float.

Ividiyo: kungani injini ye-VAZ 2106

I-VAZ 2106 Troit

Amandla enjini ancishisiwe

Ukuwohloka kwezimfanelo zamandla eyunithi yamandla kuholela kulokhu:

• ukuvinjelwa kwezihlungi ezinhle noma i-carburetor;
• ukungasebenzi kahle kwepompo likaphethiloli;
• ukulungiswa okungalungile kwekhwalithi yengxube evuthayo;
• ukwephulwa kwezigaba zokusabalalisa igesi;
• ukulungiswa okungalungile kwesikhathi sokuvutha;
• ukugqoka kwezingxenye zeqembu le-piston.

Ngokuncipha okuphawulekayo kwamandla enjini, isinyathelo sokuqala ukuhlola ukusebenza kwesistimu kaphethiloli ngokubheka izihlungi, iphampu yamafutha futhi ulungise ikhwalithi yengxube. Okulandelayo, udinga ukunquma ukuthi amamaki wesikhathi ku-crankshaft nezinkanyezi ze-camshaft afana namamaki asenjinini nasezimbozweni ze-camshaft. Uma yonke into ihlelekile nabo, lungisa isikhathi sokuthungela ngokuguqula indlu yokusabalalisa ibheke ohlangothini olulodwa noma kwenye.

Ngokuqondene neqembu le-piston, lapho izingxenye zalo zigugile, ukulahlekelwa kwamandla akubonakali ngokucacile futhi ngokushesha. Ukuze unqume ukuthi i-piston iyini ngempela imbangela yokuphelelwa amandla, ukukala kokucindezela ku-cylinders ngayinye kungasiza. Ku-VAZ 2106, izinkomba ezibangeni lika-10-12,5 kgf / cm zibhekwa njengejwayelekile². Kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa injini ngokucindezela kwe-9-10 kgf / cm², nakuba izibalo ezinjalo zibonisa ukugqoka okucacile kwezakhi zeqembu le-piston.

Ividiyo: kungani amandla enjini encishisiwe

Ingabe i-carburetor? Cha! Umgijimi ophukile !!!

Ukushisa ngokweqile kwenjini

Ukwephulwa kombuso oshisayo wesikhungo sikagesi kunganqunywa igeji yokushisa epholile. Uma umcibisholo wedivayisi ushintsha njalo noma ngezikhathi ezithile emkhakheni obomvu, lokhu kuwuphawu olucacile lokushisa ngokweqile. Akunconywa ukuqhubeka nokushayela imoto injini yayo ejwayele ukushisa ngokweqile, njengoba lokhu kungaholela ekushiseni kwe-cylinder head gasket, kanye nokugxuma kwezingxenye ezihambayo zeyunithi yamandla.

Ukwephulwa kombuso oshisayo we-motor kungase kube umphumela walokhu:

• izinga lefriji elinganele ohlelweni;
• ukucindezela i-thermostat;
• ukuvinjelwa (ukuvala) kwe-radiator yokupholisa;
• ukuhlukana kwefeni yokupholisa;
• ukwehluleka kwephampu yamanzi.

Uma kutholakala izimpawu zokushisa ngokweqile, into yokuqala okufanele yenziwe ukunaka izinga lokupholisa ethangini lokunweba, futhi ugcwalise isipholile uma kunesidingo. Ungakwazi ukunquma ukusebenza kwe-thermostat ngezinga lokushisa lamapayipi we-radiator. Uma injini ifudumele, kufanele zishise zombili. Uma ipayipi eliphansi lishisa futhi ipayipi elingaphezulu libanda, khona-ke i-valve ye-thermostat inamathele endaweni evaliwe, futhi isiqandisi sihamba embuthanweni omncane, sidlula i-radiator. Kulokhu, idivayisi kufanele ishintshwe, ngoba ayikwazi ukulungiswa. I-patency ye-radiator ibuye ihlolwe izinga lokushisa lama-nozzles. Uma ivalekile, indawo ephuma phezulu izoshisa futhi indawo engezansi ifudumale noma ibanda.

I-fan yokupholisa ku-VAZ 2106 ngokuvamile ivula ekushiseni okupholile okungu-97-99⁰C. Umsebenzi wakhe uhambisana nesiphithiphithi esikhishwa i-impeller. Ingahluleka ngenxa yezizathu eziningana, okuhlanganisa ukuthintana okungalungile kusixhumi, inzwa ephukile, nokungasebenzi kahle kwenjini kagesi ngokwayo. Ukuze uhlole idivayisi, vele uxhume abathintwayo bayo ngqo ebhethrini.

Kunzima impela ukuhlonza ukuwohloka kwepompo eliwuketshezi ngaphandle kokulidiliza, ngakho-ke lihlolwa okokugcina. Ngokuvamile, ukungasebenzi kwayo kuhlotshaniswa nokulimala kwe-impeller nokugqoka kwe-rotor bear.

Ividiyo: kungani injini ishisa kakhulu

Ukushisa kwenjini, izimbangela zokushisa ngokweqile.

Imisindo engaphandle

Ukusebenza kwanoma iyiphi iyunithi yamandla kuhambisana nemisindo eminingi, ngakho-ke uchwepheshe kuphela ongasho ngendlebe ukuthi umsindo ongaphandle uphi futhi lapho ungekho, futhi noma kunjalo akuwona wonke umuntu. Ukuze uthole ukungqongqoza "okwengeziwe", kukhona ama-phonendoscopes emoto akhethekile akuvumela ukuthi unqume ngokunembile indawo lapho avela khona. Ngokuqondene injini ye-VAZ 2106, imisindo engaphandle ingakhishwa:

• ama-valve;
• ama-bearings wenduku eyinhloko kanye nokuxhuma;
• izikhonkwane ze-piston;
• i-timing chain drive.

Ama-valve enza ukungqongqoza kwe-high-frequency okuvela kukhava yevalvu. Bangqongqoza ngenxa yokulungiswa okungafanele kwezindawo ezishisayo, ukuguga kwamakhamera e-camshaft, kanye nokuba buthaka kweziphethu zamavalvu.

Amabhodi wezinduku eziyinhloko nezixhumayo enza imisindo efanayo. Isizathu salokhu ukugqoka kwabo, ngenxa yalokho ukudlala phakathi kwabo kanye namajenali wenduku yokuxhuma kuyanda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukungqongqoza kungabangelwa nomfutho ophansi wamafutha.

Izikhonkwane zepiston ngokuvamile ziyakhala. Lesi simo ngokuvamile sibangelwa ukuqhunyiswa ngaphakathi kwamasilinda. Kwenzeka ngenxa yokulungiswa okungalungile kwesikhathi sokuthungela. Inkinga efanayo ixazululwa ngokusetha ukuthungela kamuva.

Umsindo wochungechunge lwesikhathi ufana nokuklabalasa okukhulu noma ukuklabalasa, okubangelwa ukungezwani kwawo okubuthakathaka noma izinkinga nge-damper. Ukushintsha i-damper noma isicathulo sayo kuzosiza ukuqeda imisindo enjalo.

Ividiyo: ukushaya kwenjini

Ungathola kanjani ukuthi injini iyashaya

Ukushintsha kombala wokukhipha amandla

Ngombala, ukungaguquguquki kanye nephunga lamagesi aphumayo, umuntu angahlulela ngokujwayelekile isimo senjini. Iyunithi yamandla asebenzisekayo inokukhipha okumhlophe, okukhanyayo, nokushintshayo. Inuka uphethiloli oshile kuphela. Ushintsho kulezi zindlela lubonisa ukuthi injini inezinkinga.

Intuthu emhlophe ewugqinsi evela epayipini le-ehaust ngaphansi komthwalo ibonisa ukusha kwamafutha kumasilinda esikhungo sikagesi. Futhi lokhu kuwuphawu lwamasongo e-piston agugile. Ungaqinisekisa ukuthi izindandatho azisebenziseki, noma "lala phansi", ngokuhlola izindlu zokuhlunga umoya. Uma i-grease ingena kumasilinda, izokhishwa ngokuphefumula ku-"pan", lapho izohlala khona ngendlela ye-emulsion. Ukungasebenzi ngendlela efanayo kuphathwa ngokufaka amasongo e-piston esikhundleni.

Kodwa ukuphuma okumhlophe okuminyene kungase kube umphumela wezinye izinkinga. Ngakho-ke, uma kwenzeka ukuphuka (ukushiswa) kwe-cylinder head gasket, into epholile ingena kumasilinda, lapho iphenduka ibe umhwamuko omhlophe ngesikhathi sokusha. Kulesi simo, i-exhaust izoba nephunga elingokwemvelo lokupholisa.

Ividiyo: kungani kuphuma intuthu emhlophe epayipini le-exhaust

Imoto yeTroit bese ishaya intuthu emhlophe yingakho.

Ukulungiswa kweyunithi yamandla i-VAZ 2106

Ukulungiswa kwe-motor "eziyisithupha", okubandakanya ukushintshwa kwezingxenye zeqembu le-piston, kwenziwa kangcono ngemuva kokudilizwa emotweni. Kulokhu, gearbox ayikwazi ukususwa.

Ukudiliza injini ye-VAZ 2106

Ngisho nangemva kokukhipha zonke izinamathiselo, ukuyikhipha injini ngesandla ngeke kusebenze. Ngakho-ke, ukuze uqedele lo msebenzi, uzodinga igaraji elinembobo yokubuka kanye ne-hoist kagesi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uzodinga:

• isethi yama-screwdrivers nama-wrenches;
• iziqukathi zokuqoqa okokupholisa namafutha;
• umaka;
• izingubo zokulala ezimbalwa ezindala (ukuvikela upende wemoto ngenkathi kukhishwa injini).

Ukuqeda injini:

1. Shayela imoto emgodini wokubuka.
2. Phakamisa ihood, dweba ama-canopies eduze kwekhonta ngomaka. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze uma ufaka i-hood, akudingeki ubeke izikhala.
   

   Ukuze ungadingi ukubeka izikhala lapho ufaka i-hood, udinga ukuzungeza ama-canopies ngomaka.
3. Khulula amantongomane avikela i-hood, isuse.
4. Geza isipholisi ngokuphelele.
   

   Isipholisi kufanele sikhishwe kukho kokubili irediyetha kanye nebhulokhi yesilinda.
5. Ukusebenzisa i-screwdriver, khulula izinsimbi zamapayipi wesistimu yokupholisa. Susa wonke amapayipi.
   

   Ukuze ususe amapayipi, udinga ukukhulula ama-clamps
6. Susa imigqa yamafutha ngendlela efanayo.
   

   Ama-hoses nawo avikelwe ngama-clamps.
7. Nqamula izintambo zamandla kagesi aphezulu kuma-spark plug nekepisi lomsabalalisi.
8. Ngemva kokukhulula amantongomane amabili, nqamula ipayipi yokukhipha ephuma ku-manifold yokukhipha.
   

   Ukuze unqamule ipayipi, khulula amantongomane amabili
9. Nqamula ibhethri, likhiphe bese ulibeka eceleni.
10. Khumula amantongomane amathathu uvikela isiqalisi, nqamula izintambo. Susa isiqalisi.
    

    Isiqalo sinamathiselwe ngamantongomane amathathu
11. Khipha amabhawodi angaphezulu ka-gearbox (3 ama-pcs).
    

    U-gearbox ubanjwe phezulu namabhawodi amathathu.
12. Nqamula i-air and throttle actuators ku-carburetor.
    

    Kusuka ku-carburetor, udinga ukunqamula ama-air and throttle actuators
13. Ngemva kokwehla emgodini wokuhlola, qaqa isilinda sesigqila se-clutch.
    

    Ukuze ususe isilinda, udinga ukudiliza isiphethu
14. Susa amabhawodi amabili aphansi asuka ku-gearbox uye enjinini.
    

    Iphansi lika-gearbox liqiniswe ngamabhawodi amabili.
15. Khipha amantongomane avikele ikhava yokuvikela (ama-4 ama-pcs).
    

    I-casing igxilwe kumantongomane amane
16. Khipha amantongomane amathathu uvikele isikhungo samandla ezisekelweni.
    

    Injini ifakwe ezisekelweni ezintathu
17. Bopha ngokuvikelekile amaketanga afakwayo (amabhande) e-hoist enjinini.
18. Vala izinsimbi zangaphambili zemoto ngezingubo zokulala ezindala (ukuze ungaklwebheli upende).
19. Phakamisa injini ngokucophelela nge-hoist.
    

    Ngaphambi kokukhipha injini, udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinsimbi zivikelekile.
20. Thatha injini eceleni uyibeke phansi noma etafuleni.

Ungawashintsha kanjani ama-earbud

Lapho injini ikhishwa emotweni, ungaqala ukuyilungisa. Ake siqale ngokufaka. Ukuze uzimiselele, kufanele:

1. Khipha ipulaki yokukhipha amanzi epanini likawoyela ngesikrufu se-hex.
   

   Ipulaki ikhululwe ngehexagon
2. Usebenzisa ukhiye we-10, qaqa wonke amabhawodi ayishumi nambili eduze komjikelezo wephalethi. Susa i-pan nge-gasket.
   

   I-pallet ihlanganiswe nama-bolts angu-10
3. Susa i-carburetor kanye ne-ignition distributor.
4. Usebenzisa isikrufu esingu-10mm, susa amantongomane ekhava amavalvu ayisishiyagalombili. Susa ikhava nge-gasket.
   

   Isembozo se-valve silungiswe ngamantongomane ayisishiyagalombili.
5. Usebenzisa i-spatula ekhwezayo noma i-chisel, goba iwasha ekhiya ibhawudi yokukhweza inkanyezi ye-camshaft.
   

   Ukuze uvule i-bolt, udinga ukugoba i-washer
6. Usebenzisa i-wrench engu-17, khulula ibhawudi lenkanyezi ye-camshaft. Susa inkanyezi neketango.
7. Khumula amantongomane amabili uvikele i-chain tensioner ngesikrufu esingu-10.
   

   I-tensioner ivikelwe ngamantongomane amabili
8. Usebenzisa i-wrench yesokhethi engu-13, qaqa amantongomane ayisishiyagalolunye uvikele umbhede we-camshaft. Akhumule umbhede.
   

   Ukuze ususe umbhede, udinga ukukhulula amantongomane ayisishiyagalolunye
9. Ukusebenzisa i-wrench engu-14, khulula amantongomane uvikele amakepisi wenduku yokuxhuma. Susa izembozo ngokufaka.
   

   Ikhava ngayinye ivikelwe ngamantongomane amabili.
10. Hlukanisa izinduku zokuxhuma, susa ama-liners kubo.
11. Usebenzisa isikrufu esingu-17, khulula amabhawodi kumakepisi okuthwala amakhulu.
    

    Ikhava ixhunywe ngezikulufo ezimbili.
12. Nqamula amakhava, susa ama-thrust rings
13. Susa amagobolondo athwalayo amakhulu kumakhava kanye nebhulokhi yesilinda.
    

    Okufakiwe kwenziwa ngensimbi ne-aluminium alloy
14. Hlukanisa i-crankshaft.
    

    I-shaft kufanele ihlanzwe ngamafutha ngokuwashwa kuphalafini
15. Hlanza i-shaft ngophalafini, sula ngendwangu eyomile ehlanzekile.
16. Faka ama-bearings amasha nama-thrust washers.
17. Gcoba amajenali enduku eyinhloko neyokuxhuma ye-crankshaft ngamafutha enjini, bese ufaka i-shaft kusilinda block.
18. Faka amakepisi amakhulu futhi uvikeleke ngezikulufu. Qinisa amabhawodi nge-torque wrench ibe ngu-68,3–83,3 Nm.
19. Faka izinti zokuxhuma ezinama-bearings amasha ku-crankshaft. Walungise ngamantongomane. Qinisa amantongomane abe ngu-43,3–53,3 Nm.
20. Hlanganisa injini ngokulandelana.

Ukushintshwa kwezindandatho zokucindezelwa kanye ne-oil scraper yamapiston

Ukuze esikhundleni piston izindandatho, uzodinga amathuluzi efanayo, kanye vise kanye mandrel ekhethekile for crimping pistons. Umsebenzi wokulungisa kufanele wenziwe ngale ndlela elandelayo:

1. Hlukanisa injini ngokuhambisana ne-p.p. 1-10 yomyalelo odlule.
2. Phusha ama-pistons ngalinye ngalinye ngaphandle kwebhulokhi yesilinda kanye nezinduku zokuxhuma.
   

   Ama-pistons kufanele asuswe kanye nezinduku zokuxhuma.
3. Bopha induku yokuxhuma ku-vice, bese usebenzisa i-screwdriver encane ukuze ukhiphe izindandatho ezimbili zokucindezelwa kanye neyodwa kawoyela ku-piston. Yenza le nqubo kuwo wonke ama-pistons.
   

   Iphistoni ngalinye linamasongo amathathu
4. Hlanza ama-pistons kusuka ku-soot.
5. Faka izindandatho ezintsha, uqondise izingidi zabo kuma-protrusions ku-grooves.
6. Ukusebenzisa i-mandrel, faka ama-pistons ngamasongo ku-cylinder.
   

   Kulula kakhulu ukufaka ama-piston usebenzisa i-mandrel
7. Hlanganisa injini ngokulandelana.

Ukulungisa iphampu kawoyela

Ukuze ususe futhi ulungise iphampu kawoyela, kufanele:

1. Usebenzisa isikrufu esingu-13, khulula amabhawodi amabili okukhweza iphampu.
   

   Iphampu ibanjwe ngamabhawudi amabili.
2. Hlukanisa idivayisi kanye ne-gasket.
3. Usebenzisa isikrufu esili-10, qaqa amabhawodi amathathu ukuze uvikele ipayipi elidonsa uwoyela.
   

   Ipayipi ixhunywe ngamabhawodi amathathu
4. Nqamula i-valve yokwehlisa umfutho.
   

   I-valve isetshenziselwa ukugcina ingcindezi ohlelweni
5. Susa ikhava yephampu.
6. Susa idrayivu namagiya ashayelwa.
   

   Amagiya akumele akhombise ukuguga noma ukulimala.
7. Hlola izingxenye zephampu, uhlole isimo sazo. Uma indlu, ikhava noma amagiya anezimpawu zokuguga noma ukulimala komshini, buyisela izinto ezinokukhubazeka.
8. Hlanza isikrini sokuthatha uwoyela.
   

   Uma i-mesh ingcolile, kufanele ihlanzwe noma ishintshwe.
9. Hlanganisa idivayisi ngokulandelana.

Ukuzilungisa injini kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa hhayi kangangokuthi akufanele kubhekwane nayo. Into esemqoka ukuqala, bese wena ngokwakho uzothola ukuthi yini.