Idivayisi yokuhlunga uwoyela

injini ngayinye evuthayo yangaphakathi ihlanganisa izingxenye eziningi zensimbi ezihlala zixhumana futhi zisebenza kakhulu. Wonke umuntu wazi kahle ukuthi i-unlubricated mechanism ngeke isebenze kahle futhi ngeke ihlale isikhathi eside. Izingxenye zokushayisana ziyaguga, okuholela kuma-chips amancane avala izikhala phakathi kwezingxenye futhi enze umsebenzi woomakhenikha ube nzima nakakhulu. Konke lokhu kuhambisana nokukhishwa kwenani elikhulu lokushisa, okungaholela ekushiseni ngokweqile kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi futhi ekugcineni ukuyikhubaza.

Ukugcoba kusiza ukunciphisa imiphumela emibi yokungqubuzana. Amafutha ajikelezayo ohlelweni lokugcoba asusa izinhlayiya zensimbi ezakhiwe ngenxa yokungqubuzana, kanye nemfucumfucu encane evela enjini yangaphakathi yomlilo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukujikeleza kwe-lubricant kusiza isistimu yokupholisa ukuthi ibhekane nokushisisa kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi, isuse ukushisa kuyo kancane. Kuyafaneleka ukukhumbula futhi ukuthi ifilimu yamafutha ensimbi ivikela ukugqwala.

Inkinga nje ukuthi ukushefa kwensimbi nokunye ukungcola okusemishinini akupheli esimisweni esivaliwe futhi kungabuyela enjinini yangaphakathi evuthayo futhi. Ukuvimbela lokhu ukuthi kungenzeki, isihlungi esikhethekile sokuhlanza sifakiwe kumjikelezo wokujikeleza. Kukhona isethi yezinhlobonhlobo zezihlungi zikawoyela, kodwa amadivaysi anendlela yokuhlunga ngomshini avame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu.

Idizayini yesihlungi ingahle ihlukaniseke noma igoqeke. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isakhiwo sangaphakathi asinakho umehluko obalulekile.

Isici esilahlwayo esingahlukaniseki simane sishintshwe lapho amafutha amasha athululelwa ohlelweni lokuthambisa.

Idizayini egoqekayo ikuvumela ukuthi umiselele ingxenye yesihlungi eyodwa kuphela.

Ezimweni eziningi, isihlungi sikawoyela sigeleza ngokugcwele, okungukuthi, ivolumu yonke ye-lubricant empontshwa yipompo idlula kuyo.

Ezinsukwini zakudala, izihlungi ze-part-flow zazisetshenziswa kakhulu, okwadlula ingxenye ye-lubricant - ngokuvamile cishe i-10%. Idivayisi enjalo kungaba yiyo yodwa ohlelweni, noma ingasebenza ngokuhambisana nesihlungi esimahhadla. Manje ayivelakancane, okokuhlanza kanye nezithasiselo ezisabalalisa amamaki amaningi esimanje kawoyela we-ICE kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukudlula ngenketho eyodwa yokugeleza okugcwele.

Izinga lokuhlanzwa kwamafutha libonakala ngepharamitha efana nenhle yokuhlunga. Empeleni, ngokuvamile zisho ukucoleka kokuhlunga, okungukuthi, ubukhulu bezinhlayiya isihlungi esizihlungayo ngo-95%. Ukucwenga okuphelele kokuhlunga kusho ukugcinwa okungu-100% kwezinhlayiya zosayizi othile. Izihlungi eziningi zesimanje zikawoyela zinokucoleka kokuhlunga okungama-25…35 microns. Lokhu, njengomthetho, kwanele, njengoba izinhlayiya ezincane azinawo umphumela omubi kakhulu enjini yangaphakathi yomlilo.

Izindlu zokuhlunga inkomishi yensimbi eyicylindrical enekhava engezansi, eshiselwe noma igoqwe ngomklamo ongahlukaniseki. Isethi yama-inlets ibekwe eduze kwerediyasi esembozweni, futhi indawo yokuphuma enentambo ekhuphukayo itholakala phakathi nendawo. I-Rubber o-ring ivimbela ukuvuza kwamafutha.

Njengoba ngesikhathi sokusebenza ingcindezi ingafinyelela kuma-atmospheres angaphezu kwe-10, izimfuneko ezingathi sína zibekwa emandleni ecala, ngokuvamile lenziwa ngensimbi.

Ngaphakathi kwendlu kukhona into yokuhlunga eyenziwe ngezinto ezinama-porous, okungaba iphepha noma amakhadibhodi amamaki akhethekile nge-impregnation ekhethekile, ukuzwa kanye nama-synthetics ahlukahlukene. Isici sokuhlunga sikathayela sinokupakishwa okuminyene futhi sibekwe eduze komkhono wokuvikela onembobo. Lo mklamo ikuvumela ukuthi udale indawo enkulu yokuhlunga ngevolumu encane yengilazi. Futhi isiqeshana sokuzivikela sensimbi sinikeza amandla engeziwe futhi asivumeli isihlungi ukuba siwe ngaphansi kwengcindezi.

Ingxenye ebalulekile yesihlungi yi-valve yokudlula (ukuchichima) ene-spring. Lapho umfutho udlula umkhawulo othile, ivalvu yokudlula iyavuleka ukuze kungene uwoyela ongahluziwe ohlelweni. Lesi simo singenzeka uma isihlungi singcoliswe kakhulu noma i-viscosity ye-lubricant iphezulu, isibonelo, uma uqala injini evuthayo yangaphakathi esimweni sezulu esibandayo. I-lubricant engacwengekile yezinjini ezivuthayo iwububi obuncane kakhulu kunokulamba kawoyela kwesikhashana.

Ivalvu evimbela ukukhipha amanzi (isheke) ivimbela uwoyela ukuthi ungaphumi esisefweni ngemva kokuma kwenjini. Ngakho-ke, okokugcoba kuhlala kushiywe ohlelweni, olunikezwa ngokushesha injini yomlilo yangaphakathi lapho iqalwa kabusha. I-valve yokuhlola empeleni iyindandatho yerabha evala ngokuqinile ama-inlets lapho ingasetshenziswa futhi ivule ngaphansi kwengcindezi lapho ipompo likawoyela liqala.

Idizayini ihlanganisa ne-valve evimbela ukudonsa amanzi evimbela uwoyela ukuthi ungachitheki ngaphandle kwendlu yokuhlunga ngesikhathi sokushintsha kwesihlungi.

Kunezinye izinhlobo zalesi sisetshenziswa ezihlukile endleleni yokuhlanza okwenziwa ngayo.

Isihlungi sikazibuthe - ngokuvamile sifakwa epanini likawoyela futhi siqoqa ama-chips ensimbi kusetshenziswa uzibuthe ongunaphakade noma uzibuthe kagesi. Ngezikhathi ezithile, udinga ukukhulula ipulaki kazibuthe futhi uyihlanze.

I-Filter-sump - lapha ukungcola kumane kuzinze phansi kwe-sump ngaphansi kwethonya lamandla adonsela phansi, ngakho lesi sihlungi sibizwa nangokuthi amandla adonsela phansi. Lapha, ukulungiswa kwehliselwa ekubeni kukhululwe ipulaki nokukhipha uwoyela angcolile. Ezimotweni, izihlungi ezinjalo cishe azisasetshenziswa, ngoba cishe azikho izinhlobo ze-sediment ezinhlotsheni zanamuhla zamafutha e-ICE.

I-Centrifugal cleaner (i-centrifuge) - idivayisi enjalo ivame ukusetshenziswa kuma-ICE wamaloli namayunithi ezimoto, nakuba ngezinye izikhathi ingatholakala nasezimotweni. Kuyo, izinhlayiya ezinzima zokungcola ngaphansi kwesenzo samandla we-centrifugal okwenzeka ngesikhathi sokujikeleza kwe-rotor zindiza ezindongeni ze-centrifuge futhi zihlale kuzo ngendlela ye-resinous precipitate. Amafutha afakwa ku-rotor ngeshaneli ku-axis yayo ngaphansi kwengcindezi futhi aphume ngesivinini esikhulu ngemibhobho, angene ku-oyela sump. Ama-jets of lubricant anomphumela onyanyekayo ku-rotor, ngenxa yokuthi ijikeleza.

Isikhathi esinconyiwe sokushintsha isihlungi sikawoyela singahluka kuye ngemodeli yemoto, kepha, njengomthetho, yi-10 ... amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-20 ama-ICE kaphethiloli, izinjini zedizili - 1,5 ... izikhathi ezi-2 kaningi. Kulula kakhulu futhi kuyasebenziseka ukwenza lokhu kanyekanye nokushintsha okuhleliwe.

Uma imoto isebenza ezimweni ezinzima - ukushisa, uthuli, indawo enezintaba, ukuminyana kwezimoto njalo - khona-ke isikhathi sokushintsha isihlungi sokugcoba kanye nowoyela kufanele sibe mfushane.

ingase ihluke ngevolumu (umthamo), izinga lokuhlanzwa (ukuhlunga kahle), ukucindezela kokuvula kwe-valve ye-bypass, kanye nobukhulu bomzimba kanye nentambo yangaphakathi. Le mingcele ihlobene nengcindezi ohlelweni lokugcoba, uhlobo, amandla kanye nezici ezihlukahlukene zokuklama zenjini yangaphakathi yomlilo. Kukhona futhi izihlungi ngaphandle kwe-valve ye-bypass, zisetshenziswa ezimweni lapho i-valve enjalo ikhona enjini ngokwayo.

Konke lokhu kufanele kucatshangelwe lapho ukhetha i-shift esikhundleni sento esetshenzisiwe. Ukusetshenziswa kwesihlungi esingafanelekile kungaholela emiphumeleni engathi sína yenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi. Kunengqondo kakhulu ukufaka lezo zihlungi ezituswa umenzi we-automaker.

Ukushintsha isihlungi samafutha, njengomthetho, akunzima - kumane kufakwe isikulufu ku-fitting enentambo, okumele ihlanzwe ngaphambi kokufakwa. Kodwa ukuze udale amandla anele, ukhiye okhethekile uyadingeka.

Uma isikhiya somoya senziwe ohlelweni lokugcoba, ukucindezela kuyo ngeke kwanele, ngakho-ke umoya kufanele ulahlwe. Kulula ukwenza lokhu - ngemva kokunikeza isihlungi kancane, vula i-crankshaft ngesiqalisi kuze kube yilapho amafutha eqala ukungena, bese uqinisa isihlungi futhi.