Ibhuleki lokupaka kanye nekhebula layo lokushayela. Inhloso kanye nedivayisi

Ibhuleki lokupaka, elibuye laziwe nge-hand brake, liyingxenye ebalulekile yohlelo lokubhuleka kwemoto abaningi abangakubukeli phansi, abanye baze bacishe balushaye indiva. Ibhuleki lesandla likuvumela ukuthi uvimbe amasondo ngenkathi upaka, okubaluleke kakhulu uma indawo yokupaka inomthambeka ongabonakali. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kusiza ukuqala egqumeni ngaphandle kokuhlehla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingasebenza njengohlelo lokubhuleka oluyisipele lapho oluyinhloko lwehluleka nganoma yisiphi isizathu.

Ngaphandle kwedrayivu ye-electromechanical, etholakala kumamodeli ezimoto abizayo, kanye nama-hydraulics angavamile ukusetshenziswa, ezimweni eziningi ibhuleki lokupaka liculwa yi-mechanics. Isici esiyinhloko se-mechanical drive yikhebula.

Izindlela ze-handbrake, njengomthetho, zibekwe emasondweni angemuva. Ezimotweni eziningi ezindala, kanye namamodeli wesabelomali akhiqizwa esikhathini sethu, afakwe ku-axle yangemuva. Ezindleleni zalolu hlobo, ukuqaliswa kwebhuleki yokupaka kulula. Ukuvimba amasondo ngesikhathi emile, amabhuleki afanayo asetshenziswa njengalapho kubhuleka khona imoto ehambayo. Kuphela kulesi simo, esikhundleni se-hydraulics, i-lever ekhethekile efakwe ngaphakathi kwesigubhu isetshenziswa, exhunywe ku-handbrake drive. Lapho umshayeli edonsa isibambo sebhuleki lesandla, kanye naso ikhebula, lesi sici siyajika sihlukanise amaphedi, siwacindezele endaweni esebenzayo yesigubhu. Ngakho, amasondo avimbekile.

Indlela ye-ratchet eyakhelwe kusibambo igcina ikhebula liqinile futhi ivimbela ibhuleki lokupaka ukuthi lingazihlanganisi ngokuzenzakalelayo. Lapho i-hand brake ikhishwa, isiphethu sokubuya sivumela uhlelo ukuthi lubuyele esimweni salo sokuqala. 

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi kunezimoto eziningi lapho ibhuleki yokupaka ivuliwe hhayi ngesibambo, kodwa yi-foot pedal. Igama elithi "ibhuleki lesandla" kuleli cala alifanelekile ngokuphelele.

Uma ama-disc brakes efakwe ku-axle yangemuva, isimo sihlukile. Kulokhu, kungenzeka ukuhlela ibhuleki yokupaka ngezindlela eziningana. Lokhu kungaba umshini ohlukile wohlobo lwesigubhu onama-pads awo noma okuthiwa yi-transmission parking brake, evame ukusetshenziswa emalolini, lapho ivamise ukubekwa ku-gearbox futhi ibambezela izingxenye zokudlulisela (i-cardan shaft). 

В других случаях основной дополнен элементами, позволяющими привести его в действие не только при помощи гидравлики, но и механическим способом. Например, воздействующий на тормозные колодки поршень может иметь шток, который соединен с тросом ручника напрямую либо через кулачковый передаточный механизм. 

Ibhuleki lokupaka lisebenzisa intambo yensimbi esontekile. Ububanzi bayo ngokuvamile buba ngu-2-3 mm. Ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwayo, ingakwazi ukudlula kalula ama-protrusions ahlukahlukene omzimba kanye nokumiswa. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuklama kwedrayivu iyonke, kuqede isidingo sezixhumanisi eziqinile, amalunga ajikayo kanye nezinsimbi eziningi.

Ukuze ukhulume nezinye izakhi zedrayivu, ikhebula linamathiphu agxilile ekugcineni kwawo. Zingenziwa ngendlela yamasilinda, amabhola, izimfoloko, izihibe.

Ngaphakathi kwegobolondo le-polymer elivikelayo, elivame ukwenziwa liqiniswe, amafutha agxiliwe. Ngenxa yokugcoba, ikhebula aligqwali noma lijamu ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa. Kunamabhuzu enjoloba okuvikela ukungcola nokuvuza kwamafutha.

Emaphethelweni egobolondo, ama-metal bushings ezinhlobonhlobo nezinhloso ezihlukahlukene ahleliwe. Ubakaki noma ipuleti lokumisa ekugcineni livumela ikhebuli ukuthi igxiliswe kupuleti lokusekela ibhuleki. I-bushing enentambo yangaphandle ihloselwe ukubopha ku-equalizer. Ezinye izinketho ze-bushing nazo zingenzeka, kuye ngomklamo othize wedrayivu.

Abakaki noma ama-clamps nawo angafakwa egobolondweni ukuze aboshwe kuhlaka noma umzimba.

Esimweni esilula, idrayivu ihlanganisa ikhebula elilodwa kanye nenduku eqinile ebekwe phakathi kwesibambo se-hand drive, esitholakala ku-cabin, kanye nomhlahlandlela wensimbi. Ikhebula lixhunywe kulo mhlahlandlela, ophinde uhlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili - amasondo angakwesokudla nangakwesokunxele.

Kulesi sifanekiso, ukwehluleka kwekhebula elilodwa kuzokhubaza ngokuphelele ibhuleki lokupaka. Ngakho-ke, uhlelo olunjalo cishe alukaze lusetshenziswe, naphezu kokulula kokuklama nokumisa.

Okuhlukile okunezintambo ezimbili kusabalele kakhulu. I-traction eqinile ibuye isetshenziswe lapha, i-equalizer (isinxephezelo) igxiliwe kuyo, futhi izintambo ezimbili ezihlukene sezivele zixhunywe kuyo. Ngakho-ke, uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka kwesinye sezintambo, kuzohlala kungenzeka ukuvimba elinye isondo.

Kukhona nenguqulo yesithathu yedrayivu, lapho kufakwa khona enye ikhebula phakathi kwesibambo sebhuleki lesandla nesilinganisi esikhundleni senduku eqinile. Ukwakhiwa okunjalo kunikeza amathuba amaningi okulungisa, futhi ukungahambi kahle kwezinye izingxenye zesistimu cishe akunamphumela ekusebenzeni kwayo. Lo mklamo uphinde usetshenziswe ngenkuthalo ngabakhi bezimoto.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunolunye uhlobo lokushayela, lapho ikhebula elide lilawula ngokuqondile ama-pads elinye lamasondo. Ebangeni elithile ukusuka ku-lever, ikhebula lesibili, elifushane lixhunywe kule ntambo, liya esondweni lesibili.

Umsebenzi ojwayelekile kufanele uhlanganise nokuhlola ukusebenza kwebhuleki lokupaka kanye nesimo sekhebula layo lokushayela. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, inganwebeka, iguge futhi igqwale. Uma ukulungiswa kwehluleka ukunxephezela ukwelulwa kwekhebula noma kuguge kabi, kuzomele kushintshwe.

Выбирать новый для смены лучше всего по соответствующему каталожному номеру или основываясь на модели и дате выпуска автомобиля. В крайнем случае ищите подходящий аналог с учетом конструкции привода, длины троса и типа наконечников.

Uma kukhona amakhebuli amabili angemuva kudrayivu yebhuleki lesandla, kunconywa kakhulu ukuthi uwashintshe womabili ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ngisho noma eyodwa kuphela yazo inephutha, eyesibili, cishe, nayo iseduze nokuqeda insiza yayo.

Kuye ngedivayisi ethile yokushayela, ukushintshwa kungase kube nama-nuances ayo futhi kufanele kwenziwe ngesisekelo sebhukwana lokulungisa le modeli yemoto. Ngaphambi kokwenza umsebenzi, qiniseka ukuthi umshini uzinzile futhi awunyakazi. 

Esimweni esivamile, i-equalizer iqala ukunamathiselwe endongeni, okwenza kube lula ukukhulula ukungezwani kwekhebula. khona-ke amantongomane ayasuswa futhi amathiphu akhishwe nhlangothi zombili. 

Umhlangano wenziwa ngokulandelana, emva kwalokho udinga ukulungisa ukushuba kwekhebula futhi uqiniseke ukuthi ama-brake pads avimbe ngokuphepha amasondo.

Ukusebenzisa ngendlela engafanele idrayivu yesandla akumzuzisi futhi akulondolozi insiza yakhe nhlobo. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukungazinaki ibhuleki lesandla kungaholela ekugqwaleni nasekumuncu kwezingxenye zayo, ikakhulukazi ikhebula, elingakwazi ukujam futhi ekugcineni liphuke.

Abanikazi bezimoto ezine-othomathikhi nabo banephutha, uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi endaweni yokushintsha "Yokupaka", ungenza ngaphandle kwebhuleki lesandla ngisho nasemthambekeni. Iqiniso liwukuthi esimweni esinjalo, ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo empeleni kwenza indima ye-handbrake, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ingaphansi kokucindezeleka okukhulu.

Futhi ake sikukhumbuze futhi - ebusika, kuqhwa, ibhuleki lesandla akufanele lisetshenziswe, ngoba amaphedi angaqhwaza ebusweni bediski noma isigubhu. Futhi lapho imoto ishiywe ebhulekini lokupaka isikhathi esingaphezu kwesonto elilodwa noma amabili, ingase inamathele ngenxa yokugqwala. Kuzo zombili izimo, umphumela ungase ube ukulungiswa kwendlela yokubhuleka.