Idivayisi nenqubo yokusebenza kohlelo lokuvikela abahamba ngezinyawo

Izingozi ezingamashumi ezinkulungwane ezibandakanya abahamba ngezinyawo zenzeka emigwaqweni yaseRussia minyaka yonke. Izingozi ezinjalo zenzeka ngenxa yephutha labashayeli nangenxa yokunganaki kwabantu abangena emgwaqeni. Ukuze kuncishiswe inani lokulimala okungathi sína lapho kushayisana imoto nomuntu, abakhiqizi bezimoto benze indlela ekhethekile - isigqoko esisebenzayo esinohlelo lokuvikela abahamba ngezinyawo. Sizokutshela ukuthi yini ezintweni zethu.

Luyini uhlelo

Uhlelo lokuphepha kwabahamba ngezinyawo lwaqala ukufakwa ezimotweni zokukhiqiza eYurophu ngo-2011. Namuhla le divayisi isetshenziswa ezimotweni eziningi zaseYurophu nezaseMelika. Izinkampani ezintathu ezinkulu zibandakanyeka ekukhiqizeni imishini:

• I-TRW Holdings Automotive (ikhiqiza umkhiqizo obizwa ngePedestrian Protection System, PPS).
• IBosch (ikhiqiza i-Electronic Pedestrian Protection, noma i-EPP).
• Nokia

Ngaphandle kokwehluka kwamagama, bonke abakhiqizi bakhiqiza amasistimu asebenza ngokulandela umgomo ofanayo: uma ukushayisana nomuntu ohamba ngezinyawo kungenakugwenywa, indlela yokuvikela isebenza ngendlela yokwehlisa imiphumela yengozi yomuntu.

Inhloso yesistimu

Idivayisi isuselwe kubhonethi esebenzayo enesistimu yokuvikela abahamba ngezinyawo. Lapho umuntu eshaya imoto, i-hood ivuleka kancane ngamasentimitha ayi-15, ithatha isisindo esikhulu somzimba. Kwezinye izimo, uhlelo lungangezelelwa ngama-airbags abahamba ngezinyawo, akhishwa lapho kuvulwa ihood futhi ithambise umthelela.

Isivalo sokuvula sandisa ibanga phakathi komuntu nemoto. Ngenxa yalokho, umuntu ohamba ngezinyawo uthola ukulimala okungatheni kangako, futhi kwezinye izimo angahle aphume nemivimbo emincane kuphela.

Izinto nomgomo wokusebenza

Uhlelo lokuvikela abahamba ngezinyawo luqukethe izinto ezintathu eziyinhloko:

• izinzwa zokufaka;
• iyunithi yokulawula;
• amadivayisi aphezulu (ama-hood lifters).

Abakhiqizi bafaka izinzwa eziningi zokusheshisa ngaphambili kwe-bumper yemoto. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, inzwa yokuxhumana nayo ingafakwa. Umsebenzi omkhulu wamadivayisi ukulawula izinguquko ezingenzeka ngesikhathi sokuhamba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlelo lomsebenzi lumi kanje:

• Lapho nje izinzwa zilungisa umuntu ebangeni eliphansi emotweni, bathumela isignali ngaso leso sikhathi ophikweni olulawulayo.
• Iyunithi yokulawula, yona, inquma ukuthi ngabe kube khona ukushayisana kwangempela nomuntu ohamba ngezinyawo nokuthi i-hood idinga ukuvulwa yini.
• Uma kwenzeka isimo esiphuthumayo senzeka, abasebenza ngokushesha baqala ukusebenza - iziphethu ezinamandla noma ama-squibs okudubula.

Uhlelo lokuphepha kwabahamba ngezinyawo lungahlonyelwa uphiko lwalo lokulawula ngogesi noma, ngokusebenzisa isoftware, lingahlanganiswa nohlelo lokuphepha lwemoto. Inketho yesibili ibhekwa njengephumelela kakhulu.

I-airbag yabahamba ngezinyawo

Ukuze unikeze ukuvikelwa okuphumelela ngokwengeziwe kwabahamba ngezinyawo lapho kushayisana, ama-airbags angafakwa ngokungeziwe ngaphansi kwesikhwama semoto. Bafakiwe emsebenzini okwamanje kuvulwa isigqoko.

Ngokokuqala ngqa, iVolvo isebenzise lezi mishini ezimotweni zabagibeli.

Ngokungafani nezikhwama zomoya ezijwayelekile zomshayeli, ama-airbags abahamba ngezinyawo athumela ngaphandle. Umshini ufakwe ezinsikeni zefasitela lomoya, kanye nangaphansi ngqo kwawo.

Lapho umuntu ohamba ngezinyawo eshaya imoto, uhlelo luzosebenza kanyekanye nokuvulwa kwe-hood. Imicamelo izovikela umuntu ekuthintekeni futhi igcine i-windshield ingashintshi.

Ama-airbags abahamba ngezinyawo atshaliwe lapho isivinini semoto siphakathi kuka-20 no-50 km / h. Ukusungula le mikhawulo, abakhiqizi bathembele emininingwaneni yezibalo, okusho ukuthi izingozi eziningi (okungukuthi, ama-75%) ngokubandakanyeka kwabahamba ngezinyawo zenzeka edolobheni ngejubane elingeqile kuma-40 km / h.

Amadivayisi angeziwe

Amadivayisi angeziwe, amasistimu nezinto zokwakhiwa zingasetshenziswa ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwabantu abaphuma ngokuzumayo bangene emgwaqeni phambi kwemoto, kufaka phakathi:

• isigqoko esithambile;
• ibhampa ethambile;
• ibanga elikhuphukile ukusuka enjini kuya ku-hood;
• amabhulashi angenalutho;
• ibhonethi eyehlelayo kanye nefasitela langaphambili.

Zonke lezi zixazululo zizovumela umuntu ohamba ngezinyawo ukuthi agweme ukuphuka, ukulimala ekhanda kanye neminye imiphumela emibi yezempilo. Ukuntuleka kokuthintana ngqo nenjini kanye nefasitela lomoya kuvumela ukuthi wehle ngemivimbo yokwesaba nokukhanya.

Kwesinye isikhathi umshayeli akakwazi ukulindela ukubonakala komuntu ohamba ngezinyawo emgwaqeni wokuhamba. Uma umuntu evele ngokuzumayo phambi kwemoto, uhlelo lwamabhuleki alunaso isikhathi sokumisa imoto. Ikusasa eliqhubekayo lesisulu hhayi kuphela, kepha futhi nomshayeli wemoto angancika ebangeni lokulimala okubangelwe yimpilo yabahamba ngezinyawo. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukhetha imoto, kubalulekile ukuthi unake hhayi kuphela ukutholakala kwezinhlelo zokuphepha zomshayeli nabagibeli, kodwa futhi nezindlela ezinciphisa ukulimala lapho ungqubuzana nomuntu.