Ibhuleki eliqinile noma elithambile. Siyini isizathu futhi kufanele wenzeni
Uhlelo lokubhuleka luyingxenye ebalulekile yanoma iyiphi imoto. Abaklami bezimoto banaka ngokukhethekile amabhuleki, beqaphela ukuthi ukuphepha emgwaqeni nempilo yabantu kuncike emsebenzini wabo ongenasici. Amabhuleki ezimoto zanamuhla anokwethenjelwa impela, noma kunjalo, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi noma yiziphi izingxenye ngesikhathi sokusebenza zingaphansi kwemishini, ezishisayo, zamakhemikhali nezinye izinhlobo zemithwalo, ngakho-ke ziguga futhi zingase zehluleke. Izingxenye zesistimu ye-brake azifani, kuphela kulokhu intengo yokuphuka ingaba phezulu kakhulu.
Izimpawu ezithile ezivela ngesikhathi sokubhuleka zingase zixwayise ngokuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle ngamabhuleki - imisindo ephuma ngaphandle noma ukudlidliza okunamandla, imoto edonsa ibheke eceleni, ukungalingani noma ukwehla ngokuphawulekayo kokusebenza kwamabhuleki kanye nebanga lokubhuleka elandisiwe.
Kodwa into yokuqala abajwayele ukuyinaka wukuziphatha kwe-brake pedal. Kungaba nzima kakhulu, ngakho-ke kufanele kucindezelwe ngamandla, noma, ngokuphambene nalokho, kungase kuvele kuthambile kakhulu, noma kuhluleke ngokuphelele. Konke lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuqaliswa kwe-braking futhi kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi kakhulu. Mayelana nokuthi yini ebangela izimpawu ezinjalo kanye nendlela yokwenza ezimweni ezinjalo, futhi sizokhuluma ngokuningiliziwe.
Kwenzeka ukuthi i-pedal pedal stroke eqinile ingaba isici kwezinye izinhlobo zezimoto. Le nuance idinga ukucaciswa uma usanda kuthenga imoto noma uyihlola ngaphambi kokuthenga.
Uma konke kuhamba kahle, kodwa ngesinye isikhathi uqaphele ukuthi i-pedal ngokuzumayo yaba "yokhuni" futhi kufanele uyicindezele ngomzamo omkhulu, khona-ke kungenzeka ukuthi ukungasebenzi kahle kuhlobene ne-vacuum brake booster. Yilo mshini oklanyelwe ukunciphisa umzamo odingekayo wokubhuleka.
Ukukhululeka kokucindezela i-pedal kwenzeka ngenxa yomehluko wokucindezela emakamelweni asemoyeni kanye ne-vacuum ye-amplifier. Phakathi kwamakamelo kukhona i-diaphragm enenduku esunduza i-piston ye-main brake cylinder (MBC), yona, impompa emigqeni yesistimu futhi iqhubekele phambili. I-vacuum egumbini le-vacuum yenziwa yipompo kagesi, futhi ezinjinini zikaphethiloli ezivuthayo zangaphakathi umthombo we-vacuum uvame ukuba yinqwaba yokungenisa.
Esimeni sokuqala, amakhamera axhunywe komunye nomunye. Lapho i-pedal icindezelwa, ikamelo le-vacuum lixhunywe emthonjeni we-vacuum nge-valve yokuhlola, futhi ikamelo lomkhathi lixhunywe emkhathini nge-valve yomoya. Ngenxa yalokho, i-diaphragm enenduku idonselwa ekamelweni le-vacuum. Ngakho-ke, amandla adingekayo ukuze ucindezele i-piston ye-GTZ ancishisiwe. I-vacuum amplifier ingenziwa njengento ehlukile noma yakhe imojuli eyodwa nge-GTZ.
Isici esisengozini kakhulu lapha ipayipi lerabha elixhuma i-multifold intake room ku-vacuum. Ngakho-ke, okokuqala, ubuqotho bayo kufanele buhlolwe futhi, uma kunesidingo, kushintshwe.
Ukwephulwa kokuqina kungase kuhambisane nokuziphatha okungajwayelekile kwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi ngesikhathi sokubhuleka - ijubane eliphindwe kathathu, elikhuphukayo noma elinciphayo.Kuyenzeka ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kunyuke. Lokhu kubangelwa ukudonsa komoya ngepayipi elimele kanye nokungena kwengxube ethambile kumasilinda enjini evuthayo angaphakathi.
Uma i-vacuum idala iphampu ye-vacuum, udinga ukuxilonga ukusebenza kwayo.
Ku-vacuum booster ngokwayo, isihlungi somoya singase sivaleke, i-diaphragm yonakale, noma enye yamavalvu ingase ilahlekelwe ukuhamba kwayo.
Uma kunesidingo, ungathenga entsha noma uzame ukulungisa ekhona. Qaphela lapho uhlakaza - kukhona isiphethu ngaphakathi, kanye nenani lezingxenye okulula ukulahlekelwa. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lapho uhlanganisa kabusha ngemva kokulungiswa akunakwenzeka ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuqinisekisa ngokwanele ukuqina, ngakho-ke ukusebenza okuvamile kwedivayisi.
Lapho ushintsha i-vacuum booster, akudingekile ukuqaqa i-GTZ, ngakho-ke, asikho isidingo sokukhipha i-brake system.
Amabhuleki angabuye abe lukhuni ngenxa yokulimala kwama-cuffs ku-GTZ noma amasilinda asebenzayo futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukushaywa okuqinile kwamapiston kuwo. Ukwelashwa ukubuyisela izingxenye ezilimele noma amasilinda ngokwawo.
Isinyathelo sokuqala ukwenza ukuhlola okubonakalayo. Qinisekisa ukuthi akukho ukuvuza kwe-brake fluid nokuthi i-booster housing ayinasici. xilonga ubuqotho bamapayipi kanye nokuqina kokuxhumana kwawo nezinto ezifakwayo. Qinisa ama-clamps uma kunesidingo.
Ukuhiliza okwenzeka lapho i-pedal yebhuleki icindezelwa kungase kubonise ukuvuza. Umsindo onjalo uvame ukuphikelela isikhathi esithile ngemva kokuba injini icishiwe, bese izwakala ngokucacile.
Kukhona isethi yezindlela zokuxilonga ukusebenza kwe-vacuum amplifier.
I-ICE kumele imiswe. Cindezela i-pedal ye-brake izikhathi ezingu-6-7 zilandelana ukuze ulinganise ingcindezi emakamelweni e-booster, bese ucindezela ibhuleki yonke indlela futhi uqale injini kule ndawo. Uma i-amplifier isebenza, kuzovela i-vacuum ohlelweni. Ngenxa yokucindezela kwe-membrane, i-stem izonyakaza, idonsa i-pusher kanye nayo. Futhi njengoba i-pusher ixhunywe ngomshini ku-pedal, izokwehla kancane, futhi ungayizwa kalula ngonyawo lwakho. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, akukho-vacuum ohlelweni. Uma ungabaza, zama indlela yesibili.
Vula injini, uyeke ingenzi lutho isethi yamaminithi, bese uyivala. Cindezela ngokugcwele ibhuleki izikhathi ezimbili noma ezintathu bese ukhulula i-pedal. Uma i-vacuum booster isebenza kahle futhi kungekho ukudonsa komoya, khona-ke owokuqala noma ezimbili zokucindezela zizothambile, futhi ezilandelayo zizoqina ngokuphawulekayo. Uma ungaboni umehluko phakathi kwe-pedal, khona-ke kunezinkinga nge-amplifier.
Njengoba injini isebenza, cindezela i-pedal yebhuleki futhi, ngenkathi uyibambe phansi, vala injini. Uma manje ususa unyawo lwakho ku-pedal, kufanele luhlale lusesimweni esehlisiwe isikhathi esithile, ngenxa ye-vacuum esele egunjini le-vacuum le-amplifier.
Uma ukucindezela i-pedal sekuthambile kakhulu, khona-ke kukhona amabhamuza omoya ku-hydraulics bese uhlelo kufanele lukhishwe igazi, noma kube nokulahlekelwa uketshezi olusebenzayo. Isinyathelo sokuqala ukuhlola izinga le-brake fluid. Uma ingaphansi kwezinga elivumelekile, uhlelo lwe-hydraulic kumele luxilongwe ngokucophelela ukuthi aluvuzi yini. Ukwephulwa kokuqina kungenzeka lapho kuhlangana khona amashubhu anezinsimbi ngenxa yezinsimbi ezingaboshiwe kahle, futhi amapayipi ngokwawo angalimala. Uketshezi olusebenzayo lungalahleka nakumasilinda amabhuleki amasondo uma ama-seal alimala. Ngemuva kokuthi ukuvuza sekulungisiwe, kuzodingeka futhi ukopha ama-hydraulics wesistimu yebhuleki ukuze kukhishwe umoya kuwo.
Uma i-brake fluid isezingeni eliphansi, ingcolile noma ingashintshile isikhathi eside futhi ilahlekelwe izakhiwo zayo, khona-ke ukushisa ngesikhathi sokubhuleka ngokuzumayo kukwazi ukuyibangela ukuthi ibile, bese amabhuleki azoba "uboya bekotini", futhi imoto ngokwayo izobe ingalawulwa kahle. I-TJ endala, engcolile, noma engahambisani nemithetho ingabangela ukubanjwa kwe-brake cylinder, ukwehluleka kwezigxivizo, nezinye izinkinga. Isiphetho sisobala - qaphela isimo se-brake fluid futhi uyishintshe ngesikhathi esifanele.
Esinye isizathu sokuthamba kwe-brake pedal amapayipi, enziwe ngerabha futhi aguge ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, axege. Lapho umfutho we-hydraulic wanda ngesikhathi sokubhuleka, avele afuthe. Ngenxa yalokho, amabhuleki athambile kakhulu, futhi ukubhuleka kungasebenzi kahle.
Ukubonakaliswa okwedlulele nokuyingozi kakhulu kwamabhuleki athambile ukwehluleka kwe-pedal. Lokhu kungenxa yokuvuza okukhulu kwe-TJ noma amaphutha kuma-O-rings ku-GTZ.
I-pedal yebhuleki ethambile ngokweqile, futhi ngisho nokwehluleka kwayo, idinga isisombululo esiphuthumayo senkinga. Udinga ukuma ngokushesha, ukubhuleka ngenjini noma ibhuleki lesandla, bese uthola futhi ulungise inkinga.
Ezinye izinkinga ngesistimu yamabhuleki nazo zingaba khona - ukuguga noma ukugcoba, ama-disc nezigubhu, ukuminyana kwamasilinda nama-guide. Kodwa into eyodwa icacile - uhlelo lokubhuleka ludinga isimo sengqondo esingathí sina. Ukuhlola okuvamile, ukuvimbela kanye nokushintshwa kwe-TJ, ukusabela ngokushesha ezinkingeni kanye nokuxazulula izinkinga ngesikhathi kuzokuvumela ukuba uzizwe uqiniseka ngokwengeziwe emgwaqeni futhi ugweme izimo eziningi ezingemnandi neziyingozi.
Sebenzisa izingxenye ezisele ezisezingeni eliphezulu kuphela, futhi ukuze ungangeni emangeni, zithenge kwabathembekile.
