Izindlela zamabhuleki nezinhlelo zezimoto
Okuqukethwe
Njengoba igama layo lisho, i-brake mechanism yenza inqubo yokubhuleka emotweni, okungukuthi, ivimbela isondo ukuthi lingajikijeli ukuze lehlise ijubane noma liyimise ngokuphelele. Namuhla, abakhiqizi bezimoto abaningi basebenzisa uhlobo lokushayisana kwemishini yamabhuleki, isimiso sayo esiwukuhlela amandla okushayisana phakathi kwezakhi ezijikelezayo nezimile.
Ngokuvamile, amabhuleki atholakala emgodini wangaphakathi wesondo ngokwalo, lapho indlela enjalo ibizwa ngokuthi i-wheel mechanism. Uma idivayisi yokubhuleka ifakiwe ku-transmission (ngemuva kwebhokisi le-gearbox), khona-ke lo mshini ubizwa ngokuthi ukudluliselwa.
Kungakhathalekile ukuthi ikuphi nendawo nokuma kwezingxenye ezijikelezayo, noma iyiphi indlela yokubhuleka iklanyelwe ukudala i-torque ephezulu kakhulu yokubhuleka, engancikile ekugugekeni kwezingxenye, ukuba khona kwe-condensate ebusweni bama-pads noma izinga labo lokushisa. ngesikhathi sokungqubuzana. Imfuneko yokusebenza ngokushesha komshini ukwakheka kocingo olunegebe elincane phakathi kwezindawo ezimbili zokuthintana. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza isikhathi eside, inani lalesi gebe lizokhula njalo ngenxa yokugqoka.
Izinhlobo ezintathu zama-brake systems emotweni
Namuhla, zonke izimoto zifakwe izinhlobo ezintathu zamabhuleki. Ukuze uqhube ngempumelelo futhi ngokuphepha imoto, udinga ukusebenzisa izinhlobo ezilandelayo zama-brake systems:
- Iyasebenza. Yilolu hlelo oluhlinzeka ngokuncipha kwesivinini endaweni yethrafikhi futhi luqinisekisa ukuma ngokuphelele kwemoto.
- esele. Isetshenziswa esimweni lapho, ngenxa yesizathu esithile, uhlelo lokusebenza lwehlulekile. Ngokusebenza, isebenza ngendlela efanayo naleyo esebenzayo, okungukuthi, yenza ukubhuleka nokumisa imoto. Ngokwesakhiwo, ingasetshenziswa njengesistimu ezenzakalelayo ngokuphelele noma ibe yingxenye yohlelo olusebenzayo.
- Ukupaka. Isetshenziselwa ukuzinzisa ukuma kwemoto ngesikhathi sokupaka isikhathi eside.
Ezimotweni zanamuhla, kuwumkhuba ukusebenzisa hhayi kuphela izinhlobo ezintathu zama-brake systems, kodwa futhi nezinqubo ezihlukahlukene ezisizayo eziklanyelwe ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-braking. Lezi yi-brake booster, ABS, i-emergency braking controller, i-electric differential lock nokunye. Cishe kuzo zonke izimoto ezethulwa eqenjini lezinkampani zeFavorit Motors, kukhona amadivaysi asizayo okusebenza kahle kokudlula ibanga lokubhuleka.
Idivayisi yebhuleki
Ngokwesakhiwo, umshini uxhuma izakhi ezimbili - idivayisi yebhuleki ngokwayo kanye nokushayela kwayo. Ake sicabangele ngayinye yazo ngokwehlukana.
Idivayisi yamabhuleki ezimotweni zesimanje
Lo mshini ubonakala ngomsebenzi wezingxenye ezihambayo nezigxilile, lapho kwenzeka khona ukungqubuzana, okuthi, ekugcineni, kunciphise ijubane lemoto.
Kuye ngokuma kwezingxenye ezijikelezayo, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamadivaysi okubhuleka: isigubhu nediski. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwabo ukuthi izinto ezihambayo zamabhuleki ezigubhu zingama-pads namabhande, kanti ama-disc brakes angama-pads kuphela.
Umshini wesigubhu ngokwawo usebenza njengengxenye engashintshi (ejikelezayo).
Ibhuleki lediski lendabuko liqukethe idiski eyodwa ezungezayo kanye namaphedi amabili agxilile futhi abekwe ngaphakathi kwe-caliper nhlangothi zombili. I-caliper ngokwayo igxilwe ngokuphephile kubakaki. Esisekelweni se-caliper kukhona amasilinda asebenzayo okuthi, ngesikhathi sokubopha, thintana nama-pads ku-disc.
Isebenza ngamandla agcwele, i-brake disc ishisa kakhulu ngenxa yokungqubuzana nephedi. Ukuwupholisa, lo mshini usebenzisa ukugeleza komoya omusha. I-disc inezimbobo ebusweni bayo lapho kukhishwa khona ukushisa okweqile futhi kungena umoya obandayo. I-brake disc enezimbobo ezikhethekile ibizwa ngokuthi i-ventilated disc. Kwamanye amamodeli emoto (ikakhulukazi umjaho kanye nezicelo zejubane eliphezulu) kusetshenziswa amadiski e-ceramic, ane-conductivity ephansi kakhulu yokushisa.
Namuhla, ukuze kuvikelwe umshayeli, ama-brake pads afakwe izinzwa ezibonisa izinga lokuguga. Ngesikhathi esifanele, lapho inkomba ehambisanayo ikhanyisa iphaneli, udinga nje ukuza enkonzweni yemoto futhi wenze enye indawo. Ongoti beFavorit Motors Group of Companies banolwazi olunzulu kanye nayo yonke imishini yesimanje edingekayo yokuhlakaza amabhuleki amadala nokufaka amasha. Ukuxhumana nenkampani ngeke kuthathe isikhathi esiningi, kuyilapho izinga lomsebenzi lizoba seqophelweni eliphezulu elizoqinisekisa ukushayela okunethezekile nokuphephile ngempela.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zama-brake actuators
Inhloso enkulu yalokhu kushayela ukuhlinzeka ikhono lokulawula indlela yokubhuleka. Kuze kube manje, kunezinhlobo ezinhlanu zokushayela, ngayinye eyenza imisebenzi yayo emotweni futhi ikuvumela ukuthi unikeze isignali ngokushesha nangokucacile kumshini wokubopha:
- Omakhenikha. Ububanzi besicelo - ohlelweni lokupaka kuphela. Uhlobo lwemishini yokushayela luhlanganisa izakhi eziningana (isistimu yokudonsa, izinsimbi, izintambo, amathiphu, izilinganisi, njll.). Lokhu kushayela kukuvumela ukuthi ubonise ibhuleki lokupaka ukuze ukhiye imoto endaweni eyodwa, ngisho nasendizeni etshekile. Ngokuvamile isetshenziswa ezindaweni zokupaka noma emagcekeni, lapho umnikazi wemoto eshiya imoto ebusuku.
- Ugesi. Ububanzi besicelo futhi uhlelo lokupaka. Idrayivu kuleli cala ithola isignali kusukela ku-electric foot pedal.
- I-Hydraulic. Uhlobo oluyinhloko nolujwayeleke kakhulu lwe-brake actuator olusetshenziswa ohlelweni lokusebenza. Idrayivu iyinhlanganisela yezinto ezimbalwa (i-brake pedal, i-brake booster, i-cylinder yamabhuleki, amasilinda amasondo, amapayipi namapayipi).
- Vacuum. Lolu hlobo lokushayela luvame ukutholakala ezimotweni zesimanje. Ingqikithi yomsebenzi wayo iyafana naleyo ye-hydraulic, noma kunjalo, umehluko wesici ukuthi lapho ucindezela i-pedal, kwakhiwa inzuzo eyengeziwe ye-vacuum. Okusho ukuthi, indima ye-hydraulic brake booster ayifakiwe.
- Kuhlanganiswe. Futhi kusebenza kuphela ohlelweni lwamabhuleki wesevisi. Imininingwane yomsebenzi ukuthi i-cylinder yebhuleki, ngemuva kokucindezela i-pedal, icindezela uketshezi lwebhuleki bese iphoqa ukuthi igeleze ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu kumasilinda amabhuleki. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-cylinder ephindwe kabili kuvumela ukucindezela okuphezulu ukuthi kuhlukaniswe izifunda ezimbili. Ngakho-ke, uma esinye seziyingi sihluleka, uhlelo lusazosebenza ngokugcwele.
Umgomo wokusebenza kwesistimu yamabhuleki emotweni
Ngenxa yokuthi izimoto ezinezinhlobo ezahlukene zesistimu yamabhuleki asebenzayo zivamile namuhla, isimiso sokusebenza kwe-brake mechanism sizobhekwa kusetshenziswa i-hydraulic brake system esetshenziswa kakhulu njengesibonelo.
Ngokushesha lapho umshayeli ecindezela i-pedal ye-brake, umthwalo ngokushesha uqala ukudluliselwa ku-booster ye-brake. I-booster ikhiqiza ingcindezi eyengeziwe futhi iyidlulisela kusilinda esiyinhloko yebhuleki. I-cylinder piston ngokushesha impompa uketshezi ngamapayipi akhethekile futhi iwuhambise kulawo masilinda afakwe emasondweni ngokwawo. Ngenxa yalokho, ukucindezelwa kwe-brake fluid ku-hose kwanda kakhulu. Uketshezi lungena kuma-pistons amasilinda amasondo, aqala ukuzungezisa amaphedi abheke esigubhu.
Ngokushesha nje lapho umshayeli ecindezela i-pedal kakhudlwana noma ephinda ukucindezela, umfutho we-brake fluid kulo lonke uhlelo uzokhuphuka ngokufanele. Njengoba ingcindezi ikhula, ukungqubuzana phakathi kwama-pads kanye nedivayisi yesigubhu kuzokwanda, okuzonciphisa isivinini sokujikeleza kwamasondo. Ngakho, kukhona ubudlelwano obuqondile phakathi kwamandla okucindezela i-pedal kanye nokwehla kwemoto.
Ngemuva kokuthi umshayeli ededele ibhuleki i-pedal, ibuyela endaweni yayo yokuqala. Kanye nayo, i-piston yesilinda esiyinhloko iyeka ukucindezela, amaphedi ahoxiswa esigubhu. Umfutho we-brake fluid uyehla.
Ukusebenza kwalo lonke uhlelo lokubhuleka kuncike ngokuphelele ekusebenzeni kwesici ngasinye. I-braking system ingenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu emotweni, ngakho ayikubekezeleli ukunganakwa. Uma usola noma yikuphi ukukhubazeka ekusebenzeni kwayo, noma ukubonakala kwenkomba evela ku-pad sensor, kufanele uthinte ngokushesha ochwepheshe. I-Favorit Motors Group of Companies inikeza izinsizakalo zayo zokuxilonga izinga lokuguga nokufaka esikhundleni sanoma yiziphi izingxenye zesistimu yokubhuleka. Izinga lomsebenzi kanye nokuhlinzekwa kwamanani aphusile ezinsiza kuqinisekisiwe.
