Ukumisa ukwesekwa. Idivayisi nokuhlukaniswa

Iphupho elibi kunawo wonke labashayeli yimoto enamabhuleki angasebenzi. Futhi nakuba sesibhale kaningi mayelana ngokujwayelekile nangalezo ezihlobene nokusebenza kwayo, ngeke kube iphutha ukuphendukela kulesi sihloko futhi. Phela amabhuleki yiwona ayingxenye yokuphepha kwemoto nalabo abakuyo. Kulokhu sizobhekisisa ukwakheka nokusebenza kwe-brake caliper, inhloso yakho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ama-pads acindezelwa kwi-disc ngesikhathi sokubhuleka.

I-caliper iyisisekelo se-disc brake mechanism. Amabhuleki alolu hlobo afakwe emasondweni angaphambili cishe kuzo zonke izimoto zabagibeli ezikhiqizwe engxenyeni yekhulu edlule. Ukusetshenziswa kwamabhuleki e-disc emasondweni angemuva sekuyisikhathi eside kubambezelekile ngenxa yezizathu eziningi, okuyinhloko okwakunzima nenhlangano ye-brake yokupaka. Kodwa lezi zinkinga zibonakala ziyinto yesikhathi esidlule, futhi sekuyiminyaka engamashumi amabili manje, izimoto eziningi ezivela kubakhiqizi bezimoto ezihamba phambili zishiya umugqa wokuhlanganisa namabhuleki angemuva ohlobo lwe-disc.

Amabhuleki esigubhu angasebenzi kahle, kodwa ashibhile, asasetshenziswa kumamodeli esabelomali, nakwamanye ama-SUV, okubaluleke kakhulu ukumelana nodaka. Futhi, ngokusobala, izindlela zokusebenza zohlobo lwesigubhu zizohlala zisebenza isikhathi eside. Kodwa manje akukhulunywa ngabo.

Eqinisweni, i-caliper ingumzimba, omise okwebakaki, lapho kukhona eyodwa noma isethi yamasilinda amabhuleki. Ngesikhathi sokubhuleka, ama-hydraulics asebenza kuma-piston kumasilinda, futhi acindezela ama-pads, awacindezele kwi-brake disc futhi ngaleyo ndlela ehlise ukujikeleza kwesondo.

Nakuba abaklami bengahlali bengenzi lutho, isimiso esiyisisekelo se-brake caliper siye sahlala singashintshile iminyaka eminingi. Noma kunjalo, kungenzeka ukuhlukanisa iqoqo lezinhlobonhlobo zale divayisi enezici zayo zokuklama.

I-caliper ngokuvamile yenziwe ngensimbi ekhonjiwe, kancane kancane - ye-alloy esekelwe ku-aluminium. Umklamo wayo ungaba nobakaki ongashintshi noma ontantayo.

Ubakaki ohambayo uyakwazi ukuhamba eduze kweziqondiso, futhi isilinda sitholakala ngaphakathi kwediski. Ukucindezela i-pedal yebhuleki kudala ingcindezi ohlelweni lwe-hydraulic, oluphusha ipiston iphume kusilinda, bese icindezela esicathulweni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-caliper ihamba eceleni kweziqondiso ngendlela ehlukile, icindezela iphedi ngakolunye uhlangothi lwediski.

Edivayisini enobakaki omisiwe, amasilinda atholakala ngokulinganayo ngokuphathelene ne-brake disc futhi axhunywe ngeshubhu. Uketshezi lwamabhuleki lusebenza kuwo womabili amapiston ngesikhathi esisodwa.

I-static caliper inikeza amandla amaningi okubhuleka ngakho-ke i-braking esebenza kangcono kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa nekhalipha elintantayo. Kodwa igebe phakathi kwe-disc ne-pad lingashintsha, okuholela ekugqokeni okungalingani kwamapads. Inketho yebakaki esuswayo ilula futhi ishibhile ukuyikhiqiza, ngakho-ke ingatholakala kumamodeli angabizi.

I-piston pusher, njengomthetho, icindezela ngokuqondile ku-block, nakuba kunemiklamo enomshini wokudlulisa ophakathi.

I-caliper ngayinye ingaba namasilinda ayisishiyagalombili. Izinhlobonhlobo ezinamapiston ayisithupha noma ayisishiyagalombili zitholakala ikakhulukazi kumamodeli ezimoto zezemidlalo.

I-piston ngayinye ivikelwe ibhuthi yenjoloba, isimo sayo esinquma kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kwamabhuleki. Ukungena komswakamo nokungcola nge-anther edabukile okuyimbangela evame kakhulu yokugqwala nokubanjwa kwepiston. Ukuvuza koketshezi olusebenzayo kusilinda kuvinjelwa i-cuff efakwe ngaphakathi.

I-caliper egibele i-axle yangemuva ivamise ukwengezwa ngomshini wamabhuleki okupaka. Ingaba nesikulufu, ikhamera noma idizayini yesigubhu.

Inguqulo yesikulufu isetshenziswa kuma-caliper anepiston eyodwa, elawulwa ibhuleki lokupaka lomshini noma nge-hydraulically ngesikhathi sokubhuleka okujwayelekile.

Ngaphakathi kusilinda (2) kukhona induku enentambo (1) lapho iphiston (4) ikrufulwa khona, kanye nesiphethu sokubuya. Induku ixhunywe ku-mechanical handbrake drive. Lapho kufakwa ibhuleki yokupaka, induku yepiston inweba amamilimitha ambalwa, amaphedi acindezelwa ku-brake disc futhi avimbe isondo. Lapho ibhuleki lesandla likhishwa, i-piston ibuyiselwa endaweni yayo yokuqala ngokusebenzisa isiphethu esibuyayo, idedele amaphedi futhi ivule isondo.

Umshini wekhamera usebenza ngendlela efanayo, kuphela lapha ikhamera icindezela i-piston ngosizo lwe-pusher. Ukujikeleza kwekhamera kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa idrayivu yemishini ye-hand brake.

Ku-multi-cylinder actuator, i-actuator yebhuleki lesandla ngokuvamile yenziwa njengenhlangano ehlukile. Empeleni iyibhuleki yesigubhu enamaphedi ayo.

Ezinguqulweni ezithuthuke kakhulu, idrayivu ye-electromechanical isetshenziswa ukulawula ibhuleki yokupaka.

Iqiniso lokuthi akuyona yonke into ehlelekile nge-caliper ingaboniswa ngezimpawu ezingaqondile - ukuvuza kwe-brake fluid, isidingo sokusebenzisa amandla engeziwe lapho ucindezela ibhuleki, noma ukwanda kwe-pedal free play. Ngenxa yezimbobo zomhlahlandlela eziphukile, kungase kuvele ukudlala kwe-caliper, okuzohambisana nokungqongqoza okuyisici. Ngenxa yokubanjwa kwepiston eyodwa noma ngaphezulu, amasondo azobhuleka ngokungalingani, okuzoholela ekushibilikeni ngesikhathi sokubhuleka. Ukugqoka kwephedi okuguquguqukayo kuzophinde kubonise izinkinga nge-caliper.

Ukuze usebenze ekubuyiselweni kwe-caliper, ungathenga ikhithi yokulungisa efanele. Lapho uthengiswa ungathola amakhithi okulungisa avela kubakhiqizi abahlukene nabekhwalithi ehlukene. Lapho uthenga, qaphela okuqukethwe kwekhithi nakho kungahluka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungathenga izingxenye ngazinye noma njengomhlangano uma isimo sawo sinjalo kangangokuthi akunangqondo ukuyilungisa. Lapho ubuyisela i-caliper, zonke izakhi zenjoloba zidinga ukushintshwa - amabhuzu, ama-cuffs, izimpawu, izimpawu zamafutha.

Uma unamakhono athile, ungenza ukulungisa ngokwakho. Ukususa nokuhlanganisa i-caliper yangemuva nge-integrated handbrake mechanism kungaba yinkimbinkimbi futhi kudinga amathuluzi namakhono akhethekile.

Ngemva kokunikeza ipayipi lokubhuleka ngaphambi kokukhipha i-caliper, qaphela ukuthi akukho ketshezi oluphumayo kuyo. Ungakwazi ukufaka ikepisi kuyo noma uyixhume ngokhokho.

Uma i-piston ingakwazi ukususwa ku-cylinder ngendlela evamile, sebenzisa i-compressor kanye nesibhamu sokushaya ngokufaka emgodini we-hose ye-brake. Qaphela - i-piston ingadubula ngokoqobo, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo uketshezi olusele kusilinda luzochaphaza. Uma i-compressor ingekho, ungazama ukukhama i-piston ngokucindezela i-pedal ye-brake (i-hose ye-brake kufanele ixhunywe).

Ku-caliper ene-screw handbrake mechanism, i-piston ayiminyanisiwe, kodwa ikhululwe ngokhiye okhethekile.

I-piston kufanele ihlanzwe ngokugqwala, ukungcola kanye namafutha aphekiwe futhi ifakwe nge-sandpaper noma ifayela elihle. Ngezinye izikhathi kungase kudingeke i-sandblasting. Indawo yokusebenza yepiston kufanele ingabi nama-burrs, imihuzuko nama-craters ngenxa yokugqwala. Okufanayo kusebenza endaweni engaphakathi yesilinda. Uma kukhona ukukhubazeka okuphawulekayo, kungcono ukufaka esikhundleni se-piston. Uma i-piston yensimbi eyenziwe ekhaya yenziwa ngomshini, kuzodingeka ifakwe i-chrome plated.

Uma i-caliper iyi-caliper entantayo, ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe kubaqondisi. Zivame ukujika zibe muncu ngenxa yokukhubazeka kwebhuthi, ukugcotshwa okungajwayelekile, noma lapho kusetshenziswa ukuthambisa okungalungile. Kudingeka bahlanzwe kahle futhi bafakwe isihlabathi, futhi baqinisekise ukuthi akukho deformation ukuze kungabikho lutho oluvimbela ubakaki ukuba bahambe ngokukhululeka. Futhi ungakhohlwa ukuhlanza izimbobo zeziqondiso.

Kuye ngesimo, kungase kudingeke ukuthi kushintshwe ama-valve okuvala amanzi, i-valve yokopha, amashubhu axhumayo (ngamayunithi anamapiston amaningi), ngisho nezinsimbi.

Lapho uhlanganisa umshini obuyiselwe, qiniseka ukuthi ugcoba i-piston neziqondiso, kanye nendawo yangaphakathi ye-anther. Udinga ukusebenzisa kuphela amafutha akhethekile ama-calipers, agcina imingcele yawo yokusebenza phezu kwebanga lokushisa elibanzi.

Ngemuva kokuhlanganiswa, ungakhohlwa ukopha ama-hydraulics ngokukhipha umoya ohlelweni. Thola ukungabikho kokuvuza kanye nezinga le-brake fluid.

Uma kunenkinga ngesistimu yamabhuleki, ungalibali ukuyilungisa. Futhi akukhona nje ukuphepha kanye nobungozi bokuthola ingozi, kodwa futhi mayelana neqiniso lokuthi inkinga eyodwa ingadonsa abanye kanye nayo. Isibonelo, i-caliper eminyene ingabangela ukushisa ngokweqile nokwehluleka kokuthwala isondo. Ukubhuleka okungalingani kuzoholela ekugugeni kwamasondo angalingani. I-piston emuncu ingacindezela njalo iphedi kwi-brake disc, iyenze ishise futhi iguge ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Kunezinye izinkinga ezingagwenywa uma uqapha isimo sezinqubo zokubopha, futhi ungakhohlwa ukushintsha njalo uketshezi olusebenzayo.