Isihlungi sikaphethiloli: izinhlobo, indawo kanye nemithetho yokushintsha
Okuqukethwe
Imishini kaphethiloli yanoma iyiphi imoto isebenza nezingxenye ezincane kakhulu zezinye izakhi zayo, eziklanyelwe ukudlula uketshezi kuphela, kodwa hhayi izinhlayiya eziqinile noma izinto ezifana nejeli elibonakalayo. Futhi uwaphatha kabi kakhulu amanzi ajwayelekile. Konke kungaphela ngokwehluleka kanye nokulungiswa isikhathi eside kwesistimu yamandla enjini evuthayo yangaphakathi.
Kungani udinga isihlungi sikaphethiloli emotweni
Ukuhlunga kusetshenziswa kuyo yonke imishini ukuhlukanisa uphethiloli omsulwa noma udizili kanye nezinhlayiya zakwamanye amazwe ekumisweni.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, izihlungi zikaphethiloli zisika umugqa wokuhlinzeka kusuka ethangini. Lawa ma-node ayizinto ezisetshenziswayo, okungukuthi, athathelwa indawo amasha nge-prophylactically ngesikhathi sokulungiswa okuhleliwe (TO).
Konke ukungcola kuhlala kusici sokuhlunga noma endlini futhi kulahlwa nakho.
Izinhlobo
Izihlungi zikaphethiloli ezikhulisiwe zihlukaniswe zaba amaholoholo futhi ezinhle. Kodwa njengoba izihlungi ezimahhadla ngokuvamile ziyipulasitiki noma inezikhala zensimbi epayipini lokungenisa uphethiloli ethangini, kunengqondo ukucabangela izihlungi zikaphethiloli ezinhle kuphela.
Ukusetshenziswa okuhlangene kokuhlanza okuqinile nokucolile emotweni efanayo ekuboneni kuqala akunangqondo. Phela, izinhlayiya ezinkulu futhi kanjalo ngeke kudlule isici yokuhlanza emihle. Isimo sifana kakhulu nokufakwa kwe-anecdotal komnyango omncane ongeziwe ekamelweni ukuze kungene abantu abancane.
Kodwa i-logic isekhona. Asikho isidingo sokuvala into encane ye-porous yesihlungi esikhulu ngokungcola okukhulu, ukunciphisa impilo yayo yesevisi nokunciphisa ukuphuma, kungcono ukuwakhipha esigabeni sokuqala sokuhlanza.
Izihlungi zamafutha eziyinhloko zingaba nezinhlobo eziningana:
- i-collapsible reusable, lapho into yokuhlanza ngokwayo ivumela ukugeza okuningi nokususwa kwemfucumfucu eqoqwe;
- okulahlwayo, esimweni esingahlukaniseki kukhona into yokuhlunga iphepha noma indwangu (ikhethini), ehlanganiswe ku-accordion ukuze inikeze indawo yokusebenza ephezulu enezilinganiso zangaphandle ezincane;
- nge-sump lapho amanzi nezinhlayiya ezinkulu ezingazange zidlule ikhethini zingaqongelela;
- ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, okuphakathi nokuphansi, okujwayelekile ngamaphesenti ezinhlayiya ezidlulisiwe zobukhulu obuncane be-3-10 microns;
- ukuhlunga kabili, umugqa wokubuyela ethangini likaphethiloli nawo udlula kuwo;
- ngomsebenzi wokushisisa uphethiloli we-diesel ngokusebenzisa isishintshi sokushisa esinesistimu yokupholisa injini.
Izihlungi eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu zisetshenziselwa izinjini ze-diesel, imishini kaphethiloli ebeka izidingo ezikhethekile emanzini, amapharafini, i-filtration degree kanye ne-air ingress.
Indawo yedivayisi yokuhlunga
Ngokohlelo, isihlungi sitholakala noma yikuphi kulayini wokunikezela. Emishinini yangempela, abaklami bayayihlela ngokuya ngesakhiwo kanye nokulula kokugcinwa, uma kufanele kwenziwe kaningi ngokwanele.
Imishini enesistimu yamandla e-carburetor
Ezimotweni ezinenjini ye-carburetor, uphethiloli nawo ufakwa ngaphansi kokuhlunga okuqinile nokucolile ngaphambi kokuthi ungene ku-carburetor. Ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa i-mesh yensimbi epayipini lokungenisa ethangini kanye nesihlungi sepulasitiki esihlangene esinokonakala kwephepha ngaphakathi ngaphansi kwesivalo, endaweni yokungena empompini yamafutha.
Izingxoxo mayelana nokuthi kungcono ukuyibeka kuphi, ngaphambi kwepompo noma phakathi kwayo kanye ne-carburetor, kwaholela eqinisweni lokuthi ama-perfectionists aqala ukubeka amabili ngesikhathi esisodwa, afaka ipompo likaphethiloli nabo.
Kwakukhona enye i-mesh epayipini lokungena le-carburetor.
Izimoto ezinenjini yomjovo
Isistimu yomjovo kaphethiloli isho ukuba khona kwengcindezi ezinzile kaphethiloli osuhlungiwe kakade endaweni yokungena kumzila wokujova.
Ezinguqulweni zakuqala, ikesi lensimbi elikhulu impela lalinanyathiselwe ngaphansi kwemoto. Kamuva, wonke umuntu wayekholelwa izinga likaphethiloli, futhi isici isihlungi manje itholakala endlini futha uphethiloli, sicwiliswe nalo ethangini gas.
Isikhathi sokushintsha senyukile, ngokuvamile akudingekile ukuvula ithangi. Ngokuvamile lezi zihlungi zishintshwa kanye nenjini yepompo.
Isistimu ye-diesel fuel
Izihlungi zikadizili zidinga ukunakekelwa njalo nokushintshwa, ngakho zizama ukufakwa ngaphansi kwe-hood ukuze zifinyeleleke kalula. Kwenziwa kanjena ezinjinini zikadizili. Futhi banomugqa wokubuya one-valve.
Hlunga imvamisa yokushintshwa kwesici
Imvamisa yokungenelela ibekwe emibhalweni ehambisana nalesi sihloko yemoto. Uma usebenzisa uphethiloli wekhwalithi ephezulu, lezi zibalo zingathenjwa, ngokungafani nemithetho kawoyela nomoya.
Okuhlukile kuzoba yizimo zokufaka uphethiloli ngamafutha omgunyathi, kanye nokusebenza kwezimoto ezindala, lapho kunokugqwala kwangaphakathi kwethangi likaphethiloli, kanye ne-delamination yerabha yamapayipi aguquguqukayo.
Ezinjini zikadizili, ukushintshwa kufanele kwenziwe kaningi, okungukuthi, njalo ngamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-15 noma ngonyaka.
Indlela yokushintsha isihlungi sikaphethiloli ku-Audi A6 C5
Le mishini kulula ukuyisebenzisa futhi kulula ukuyishintsha. Awudingi ukuphrinta i-flange yepompo likaphethiloli ethangini.
Injini yegesi
Isihlungi sitholakala ngaphansi kwemoto endaweni yezihlalo ezingemuva futhi simbozwe ngesivikelo sepulasitiki. Ama-hoses angenayo kanye ne-outlet ahlanganiswe nezinsimbi ezijwayelekile zensimbi, iziqeshana azizange zisetshenziswe ngaleso sikhathi.
Inqubo yokubuyisela ilula kakhulu, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuba ngaphansi kwemoto:
- ukukhulula ingcindezi ohlelweni ngokuqala injini nge-fuse fuse fuse isusiwe, kodwa ngokuvamile ukwenze ngaphandle kwayo, usebenzisa inani elikhulu lama-rags ngaphansi kwesihlungi;
- khulula izikulufu ngaphansi komshini bese ususa isivikelo sokuhlunga;
- khulula ama-hose clamps, uwasuse ekufakweni kokuhlunga bese ukhipha uphethiloli osele esitsheni esilungisiwe;
- khulula izinsimbi zokuhlunga, susa endala bese ufaka entsha ngokulandelana;
- Isiqondiso sokugeleza kukaphethiloli sikhonjisiwe kundlu yokuhlunga.
Kuzodingeka usebenze ngoketshezi oluvutha umlilo, ngakho-ke udinga ukuba nesicishamlilo esandleni. Ungawucimi uphethiloli ngamanzi.
Injini yomlilo yangaphakathi yedizili
Isihlungi sitholakala endaweni yenjini, ezinjinini ezingu-1,9 kwesokunxele lapho zihamba khona ngaphansi kwamapayipi omoya, ezinjinini ezingu-2,5 kwesokudla kusivikelo senjini phezulu.
Ukulandelana kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu:
- khulula izinsimbi ezimbili ezilungisa ipayipi eliseduze nesihlangu semoto;
- susa iphinikhodi bese ugubha ngokucophelela i-valve yokubuyisela, ngaphandle kokunqamula ama-hoses, uyithathe ohlangothini;
- khipha ama-hoses amabili asele, khulula i-clamp yezindlu ngesikulufu esingezansi bese udonsa isihlungi ngaphandle kwe-clamp enkulu;
- faka isihlungi esisha, faka futhi uqinise ipayipi elisuka ku-high pressure fuel futha (TNVD) enjinini;
- faka i-valve endaweni bese ulungisa isheke;
- khulula i-valve yokopha, faka i-hose nge-funnel endaweni esele, uyigcwalise nge-diesel fuel bese ulinda kuze kube yilapho umoya uyeka ukuphunyuka ku-valve yokopha, bese uqinisa i-valve;
- faka ipayipi elijwayelekile elisele bese uqala injini, uyikhiphe ukuze ususe umoya osele, uma ungasebenzi, ungashisekeli ekuzameni, kodwa susa umoya ngokupompa.
Enjinini engu-1,9, ukuze kube lula, kuzodingeka ukhiphe amapayipi omoya aphazamisayo.
TOP 5 best abakhiqizi bokuhlunga uphethiloli
Ungalokothi weqe abakhiqizi bokuhlunga. Kuyafaneleka ukusebenzisa kuphela ezingcono kakhulu futhi efakazelwe.
- Inkampani yaseJalimane indoda ngokwezilinganiso eziningi ikhiqiza imikhiqizo engcono kakhulu. Kangangoba akunangqondo ukuthatha izingxenye zangempela.
- Bosch futhi ayidingi ukukhangisa, ikhwalithi yaseJalimane efakazelwe, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isitshalo sikuphi.
- UFiltron Kuzobiza kancane, kodwa ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa okukhulu kwekhwalithi.
- Delphi - ukubulawa ngokucophelela, uma ungathengi umkhiqizo mbumbulu.
- Sakura, umkhiqizi wase-Asia wezihlungi ezinhle, ngesikhathi esifanayo engabizi, i-assortment enkulu, kodwa, ngeshwa, kukhona futhi amanga amaningi.
Uhlu lwemikhiqizo emihle alukhawulelwe kulolu hlu, into esemqoka akuyona ukuthenga okunikezwayo emakethe eshibhile. Ngeke nje ukwazi ukubhubhisa ngokushesha insiza ye-motor, kodwa futhi kulula ukuqala umlilo ngenxa yamandla aphansi nokuqina kwama-hulls.
Ikakhulukazi, uma kungenzeka, kufanele ukhethe isihlungi sikaphethiloli endaweni yensimbi, kunasepulasitikini. Ngakho inokwethenjelwa kakhulu, kuhlanganise nokuqoqwa kukagesi omile.
