Izinhlobo ze-Fuse
Okuqukethwe
- Izinhlobo ze-Fuse
- DC fuse
- I-AC fuse
- I-fuse kagesi ene-voltage ephansi
- I-fuse kagesi ephezulu kagesi
- i-cartridge fuse
- Thayipha i-D Cartridge Fuse
- Uhlobo Lwesixhumanisi/I-HRC Cartridge Fuse
- I-fuse eshintshekayo
- I-fuse ye-striker
- Shintsha i-fuse
- I-push-out fuse
- Khubaza i-fuse
- I-fuse eshisayo
- I-fuse ehlelwa kabusha
- I-semiconductor fuse
- I-surge yokucindezela i-fuse
- I-Surface Mount Device Fuse
- Ividiyo yomhlahlandlela
- Isilinganiso se-Fuse Sibalwa kanjani
- Ukuqonda i-arc kagesi
- Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa
Imvamisa, ama-fuse ayizingxenye ezivikela amadivaysi kagesi ekukhuphukeni kwamandla kanye namasekethe amafushane. Kodwa-ke, i-fuse esetshenziselwa ukuvikela isiguquli samandla aphezulu ayikwazi ukusetshenziselwa idivayisi yamandla aphansi njengekhompyutha ephathekayo.
Amafuse kagesi afika ngamajamo nosayizi abaningi, asebenza kusetshenziswa izakhi ezihlukene, futhi anezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukene kumasekhethi awo.
Kumhlahlandlela wethu, sethula zonke izinhlobo zamafuse asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zikagesi, sizihlukanise ngezigaba eziyinhloko zibe izigaba ezincane kanye nezinketho eziqondile.
Ake siqale.
Izinhlobo ze-Fuse
Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingu-15 zamafuse kagesi, ahluke ezimisweni zokusebenza, ukuklama nokusetshenziswa. Lokhu kubandakanya:
- DC fuse
- I-AC fuse
- I-fuse kagesi ene-voltage ephansi
- I-fuse kagesi ephezulu kagesi
- i-cartridge fuse
- I-D-Type Cartridge Fuse
- Uhlobo lwe-cartridge fuse
- I-fuse eshintshekayo
- I-fuse ye-striker
- Shintsha i-fuse
- I-push-out fuse
- I-fuse eyehlayo
- I-fuse eshisayo
- I-fuse ehlelwa kabusha
- I-semiconductor fuse
- I-voltage yokucindezela i-fuse
- I-Surface Mount Device Fuse
Konke lokhu kuzochazwa ngokuningiliziwe ngakunye ukuze uqonde ngokugcwele.
DC fuse
Kalula nje, amafuse e-DC awuhlobo lwe-fuse kagesi esetshenziswa kumasekethe e-DC. Nakuba lokhu kuyisici esiyinhloko esiwahlukanisayo namafuse amanje (AC) ashintshanayo, kunesinye isici okufanele sishiwo.
Amafuse e-DC avamise ukuba makhulu kunamafuse e-AC ukugwema ukugoqana okuqhubekayo.
Uma ifyuzi ye-DC idlulele manje noma ifushane futhi umucu wensimbi uyancibilika, kwakhiwa okuvulekile kusekethe.
Kodwa-ke, ngenxa ye-DC yamanje kanye ne-voltage kusekethe evela emthonjeni we-DC, igebe elincane phakathi kwamaphethelo womabili omugqa ohlanganisiwe kudala ithuba lenhlansi ehlala njalo.
Lokhu kuhlula inhloso yefuse njengoba amandla esageleza kusekethe. Ukuze uvimbele ukuqhuma, i-fuse ye-DC iyakhuliswa, okwandisa ibanga phakathi kweziphetho ezimbili ezincibilikisiwe zomugqa.
I-AC fuse
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amafuse e-AC amafuse kagesi asebenza namasekhethi e-AC. Akusadingeki ukuthi zenziwe ngenxa ye-variable frequency power supply.
I-alternating current isetshenziswa ku-voltage eshintshayo ukusuka ezingeni eliphezulu ukuya kweleveli encane (0 V), ngokuvamile izikhathi ezingama-50 kuye kwezingama-60 ngomzuzu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi lapho umugqa uncibilika, i-arc icima kalula lapho le voltage yehliswa ibe nguziro.
I-fuse kagesi akufanele ibe nkulu, njengoba i-alternating current iyeka ukuzitholela yona.
Manje, amafuse e-AC namafuse e-DC yizigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko zamafuse kagesi. Sibe sesibahlukanisa zibe izigatshana ezimbili; amafuse kagesi ane-voltage ephansi kanye namafusi kagesi kagesi aphezulu.
I-fuse kagesi ene-voltage ephansi
Lolu hlobo lwefuse kagesi lusebenza kuyisekethe ene-voltage elinganiselwe engaphansi noma elingana no-1,500 V. Lawa ma-fuse kagesi avame ukusetshenziswa kumasekhethi kagesi kagesi aphansi futhi eza ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, imiklamo nosayizi.
Abuye angabizi kakhulu kunozakwabo bamandla kagesi aphezulu futhi kulula ukuwashintsha.
I-fuse kagesi ephezulu kagesi
Amafuse kagesi aphezulu amafuse kagesi asetshenziswa ngezilinganiso zamandla kagesi angaphezu kuka-1,500V nokufika ku-115,000V.
Zisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezinkulu zamandla namasekhethi, ziza ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene futhi zisebenzisa izinyathelo eziqinile zokucisha i-arc kagesi, ikakhulukazi uma kukhulunywa ngesekethe ye-DC.
Khona-ke, amafuse kagesi aphezulu naphansi ahlukaniswa abe izinhlobo ezahlukene, ikakhulukazi ezinqunywa ukwakheka kwawo.
i-cartridge fuse
Amafuse e-Cartridge awuhlobo lwe-fuse kagesi lapho umucu kanye nezinto zokucisha i-arc zivalwe ngokuphelele kukesi le-ceramic noma lengilazi ecacile.
Ngokuvamile ama-fuse kagesi angama-cylindrical anamakepisi ensimbi (abizwa ngokuthi ama-lugs) noma ama-metal blades emikhawulweni yomibili asebenza njengamaphoyinti okuxhumana ukuze axhumeke kusekethe. I-fuse noma i-strip ngaphakathi ixhuma kulezi ziphetho ezimbili ze-cartridge fuse ukuze kuqedelwe umjikelezo.
Ubona amafuse e-cartridge anezinhlelo zokusebenza kumasekhethi ezinto zikagesi njengeziqandisi, amaphampu amanzi nama-air conditioner, phakathi kokunye.
Nakuba zikhona kakhulu ezinhlelweni zamandla kagesi aphansi zikalwe kufika ku-600A no-600V, ungase futhi ubone ukusetshenziswa kwazo ezindaweni zamandla kagesi aphezulu. Naphezu kwalokhu kanye nokwengezwa kwezinto ezithile ukuze kukhawulwe izinhlansi, ukwakheka kwazo okuphelele kuhlala kufana.
Amafuse e-cartridge angahlukaniswa abe izigaba ezimbili ezengeziwe; Thayipha amafuse kagesi ohlobo D kanye namafuse ohlobo lwesixhumanisi.
Thayipha i-D Cartridge Fuse
Amafuse ohlobo lwe-D ayizinhlobo eziyinhloko zamafuse e-cartridge anesisekelo, indandatho ye-adaptha, i-cartridge kanye nesivalo se-fuse.
Isisekelo se-fuse sixhunywe kukhava ye-fuse futhi umucu wensimbi noma i-jumper wire ixhunywe kulesi sisekelo se-fuse ukuze kuqedelwe umjikelezo. Amafuse ohlobo D amisa ngokushesha ukunikezwa kwamandla lapho i-current in circuit yeqa.
Uhlobo Lwesixhumanisi/I-HRC Cartridge Fuse
Amafuse esixhumanisi noma aphezulu okuphuka (i-HRC) asebenzisa izixhumanisi ze-fuse ezimbili ngendlela yokulibazisa isikhathi ekuvikelweni kwesekethe esifushane kakhulu noma esifushane. Lolu hlobo lwefuse lubizwa nangokuthi i-high breaking capacity (HBC) fuse.
Izixhumanisi ezimbili ze-fusible noma imigoqo zibekwe ngokuhambisana komunye nomunye, eyodwa enokumelana okuphansi futhi enye inokumelana okuphezulu.
Uma umthamo oweqile usetshenziswa kumjikelezo, isixhumanisi esiphansi sokumelana ne-fusible siyancibilika ngokushesha, kuyilapho i-fuse ephezulu yokumelana ibamba amandla okweqile isikhathi esifushane. Izophela-ke uma amandla engancishiswa abe sezingeni elamukelekile phakathi nalesi sikhathi esifushane.
Uma, esikhundleni salokho, i-breaking current elinganiselwe iqalwa ngokushesha lapho i-overcurrent yenzeka kusekethe, isixhumanisi se-fuse esimelana kakhulu sizoncibilika ngokushesha.
Lezi zinhlobo zamafuse kagesi e-HRC futhi zisebenzisa izinto ezifana nempushana ye-quartz noma uketshezi olungaqhubeki ukukhawulela noma ukucisha i-arc kagesi. Kulokhu abizwa ngokuthi amafuse e-HRC liquid futhi avamile ezinhlotsheni zamandla kagesi aphezulu.
Kukhona ezinye izinhlobo zamafuse kagesi akwa-HRC, njengamafuse afakwa ibhawodi, anezikhumulo ezinezimbobo, nama-blade fuse, asetshenziswa kakhulu endaweni yezimoto futhi anamatheminali e-blade esikhundleni samakepisi.
Amafuse e-blade ngokuvamile anekesi lepulasitiki futhi asuswa kalula kumjikelezo uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kahle.
I-fuse eshintshekayo
Amafuse ashintshekayo abizwa nangokuthi ama-semi-closed kagesi. Aqukethe izingxenye ezimbili ezenziwe nge-porcelain; isibambi se-fuse esinesibambo kanye nesisekelo se-fuse okufakwe kuso lesi sibambi.
Ukuklanywa kwamafuse akhiphekayo, avame ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni zokuhlala kanye nezinye izindawo zamanje eziphansi, kwenza kube lula ukubamba ngaphandle kwengozi yokushaqeka kukagesi. Isibambi se-fuse sivame ukuba namatheminali e-blade kanye nesixhumanisi se-fuse.
Lapho isixhumanisi se-fusible sincibilika, isibambi se-fuse singavulwa kalula ukuze singene esikhundleni saso. Isibambi sonke singashintshwa kalula ngaphandle kobunzima.
I-fuse ye-striker
I-fuse isebenzisa isistimu yomshini ukuze ivikele kumasekhethi adlulele noma amafushane, futhi ibonise ukuthi i-fuse kagesi iqhumile.
Le fuze isebenza ngamashaji aqhumayo noma ngesiphethu esineqhude kanye nenduku ekhishwayo lapho isixhumanisi sincibilika.
Iphinikhodi kanye nentwasahlobo kuhambisana nesixhumanisi se-fusible. Lapho isixhumanisi sincibilika, indlela yokulayisha iyasebenza, okubangela ukuthi iphinikhodi indizele ngaphandle.
Shintsha i-fuse
Ama-switch fuse awuhlobo lwe-fuse kagesi engalawulwa ngaphandle kusetshenziswa isibambo sokushintsha.
Ezinhlelweni ezivamile ezindaweni zamandla kagesi aphezulu, ulawula ukuthi ama-fuse ayawaphasisa amandla noma cha ngokuguqula iswishi uyivule noma uyivale.
I-push-out fuse
Ama-push-out fuse asebenzisa igesi ye-boron ukukhawulela inqubo yokukhothamela. Asetshenziswa ezindaweni zamandla kagesi aphezulu, ikakhulukazi kuma-transformer angu-10 kV.
Lapho i-fuse incibilika, igesi ye-boron ivala i-arc futhi ixoshwa ngembobo eshubhu.
Khubaza i-fuse
Ama-fuse aphumayo awuhlobo lwama-fuse akhipha lapho isixhumanisi se-fuse sihlukaniswa nomzimba we-fuse. Lawa ma-fuse aqukethe izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko; ukusika izindlu kanye nesibambi se-fuse.
Isibambi se-fuse sigcina isixhumanisi esi-fusible, futhi umzimba wokusika uwuhlaka lwe-porcelain olusekela isibambi se-fuse ngokuthintana phezulu nangaphansi.
Isibambi se-fuse siphinde sibanjwe nge-engeli emzimbeni wokusika futhi lokhu kwenziwa ngesizathu.
Uma isixhumanisi se-fuse sincibilika ngenxa ye-overcurrent noma i-short circuit, isibambi se-fuse siyanqanyulwa emzimbeni we-cutout kothintana naye ongaphezulu. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi iwele ngaphansi kwamandla adonsela phansi, yingakho igama elithi "drop fuse".
Isibambi se-fuse esiwayo siwuphawu olubonakalayo lokuthi i-fuse iqhumile futhi idinga ukushintshwa. Lolu hlobo lwe-fuse luvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuvikela ama-voltage aphansi.
I-fuse eshisayo
I-thermal fuse isebenzisa amasiginali wokushisa nezinto ukuze ivikeleke ekujikelezweni kwe-overcurrent noma okufushane. Lolu hlobo lwe-fuse, olwaziwa nangokuthi i-thermal cutout futhi esetshenziswa kakhulu kumadivayisi azwelayo kukushisa, lisebenzisa ingxubevange ebucayi njengesixhumanisi se-fuse.
Uma izinga lokushisa lifinyelela ezingeni elingavamile, isixhumanisi se-fusible siyancibilika futhi sinqamule amandla kwezinye izingxenye zethuluzi. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokuyinhloko ukuvimbela umlilo.
I-fuse ehlelwa kabusha
Amafuse asetha kabusha abizwa nangokuthi i-positive temperature coefficient (PPTC) polymer fuse, noma "polyfuses" ngamafuphi, futhi anezici eziwenza asebenziseke kabusha.
Lolu hlobo lwe-fuse luqukethe i-polymer ye-crystalline non-conductive exutshwe nezinhlayiya ze-carbon conductive. Zisebenza ngezinga lokushisa ukuze zivikeleke ngokwedlulele noma ezimfishane.
Lapho kubanda, i-fuse ihlala isesimweni esicwebezelayo, esigcina izinhlayiya zekhabhoni zisondelene futhi zivumela amandla ukuba adlule.
Endabeni yokunikezwa kwamanje okweqile, i-fuse iyashisa, ishintsha isuka efomini elicwebezelayo iye esimweni esincane esihlangene se-amorphous.
Izinhlayiya zekhabhoni manje seziqhelelene kakhulu, okunciphisa ukuhamba kukagesi. Amandla asageleza kule fuse uma yenziwe, kodwa ngokuvamile akalwa ngebanga le-milliamp.
Lapho umjikelezo uphola, isimo sekristalu esihlangene se-fuse siyabuyiselwa futhi amandla ageleza ngaphandle kokuvinjwa.
Kulokhu ungabona ukuthi ama-Polyfuses asethwa kabusha ngokuzenzakalelayo, yingakho igama elithi "ama-fuse asetha kabusha".
Ngokuvamile zitholakala ezintweni zikagesi zama-computer nezocingo, nasezimisweni zenuzi, ezimisweni zokuhamba ngendiza, nakwezinye izimiso lapho ukufaka izingxenye esikhundleni kungaba nzima kakhulu.
I-semiconductor fuse
Amafuse ama-semiconductor amafuse ashesha kakhulu. Uwasebenzisela ukuvikela izingxenye ze-semiconductor kusekethe, njengama-diode nama-thyristors, ngoba azwela ekuhlinzeni okuncane kwamanje.
Avame ukusetshenziswa kuma-UPS, ama-roll state aqinile namadrayivu ezimoto, kanye namanye amadivaysi namasekhethi anezingxenye ezibucayi ze-semiconductor.
I-surge yokucindezela i-fuse
Amafusi okuvikela ukukhuphuka asebenzisa amasiginali wezinga lokushisa nezinzwa zokushisa ukuze avikele ekukhuphukeni kwamandla. Isibonelo esihle salokhu i-fuse ye-temperature coefficient (NTC).
Amafuse e-NTC afakwa ochungechungeni kumjikelezo futhi ehlisa ukumelana kwawo kumazinga okushisa aphakeme.
Lokhu kuphambene ncamashi namafuse e-PPTC. Ngesikhathi samandla aphezulu, ukumelana okuncishisiwe kubangela ukuthi i-fuse imunce amandla amaningi, okunciphisa noma "cindezela" amandla agelezayo.
I-Surface Mount Device Fuse
Amafuse e-Surface Mount (SMD) amafuse kagesi amancane kakhulu avame ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni zamanje eziphansi ezinendawo elinganiselwe. Ubona izinhlelo zabo zokusebenza kumadivayisi e-DC afana nomakhalekhukhwini, ama-hard drive, namakhamera, phakathi kokunye.
Amafuse e-SMD abizwa nangokuthi ama-chip fuse futhi ungathola okuhlukile okuphezulu kwamanje kwawo.
Manje zonke izinhlobo zamafuse okukhulunywe ngazo ngenhla zinezici ezimbalwa ezengeziwe ezinquma ukuziphatha kwazo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi isilinganiso samanje, i-voltage elinganiselwe, isikhathi sokusebenza se-fuse, umthamo wokuphuka kanye ne-I2T value.
Ividiyo yomhlahlandlela
Isilinganiso se-Fuse Sibalwa kanjani
Isilinganiso samanje samafuse asetshenziswa kumadivayisi ajwayelekile okusebenza ngokuvamile sisethwa phakathi kuka-110% no-200% wesilinganiso sesekhethi yawo.
Isibonelo, amafuse asetshenziswa kumamotho ajwayele ukukalwa ku-125%, kanti amafuse asetshenziswa kuma-transformers akalwe ku-200%, futhi amafuse asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokukhanyisa akalwe ku-150%.
Kodwa-ke, zincike kwezinye izici ezifana nemvelo yesifunda, izinga lokushisa, ukuzwela kwamadivayisi avikelwe kusekethe, nabanye abaningi.
Isibonelo, uma ubala isilinganiso se-fuse senjini, usebenzisa ifomula;
Isilinganiso seFuse = {Wattage (W) / Voltage (V)} x 1.5
Uma amandla angu-200W futhi i-voltage ingu-10V, isilinganiso se-fuse = (200/10) x 1.5 = 30A.
Ukuqonda i-arc kagesi
Ngemva kokufunda kuze kube manje, kufanele ukuthi uhlangabezane negama elithi "arc kagesi" izikhathi eziningana futhi waqonda ukuthi kuyadingeka ukuyivimbela lapho isixhumanisi se-fusible sincibilika.
I-arc yakheka lapho ugesi uvala igebe elincane phakathi kwama-electrode amabili ngamagesi ane-ionized emoyeni. I-arc ayicimi ngaphandle uma amandla evaliwe.
Uma i-arc ingalawulwa ibanga, impushana engeyona e-conductive kanye/noma izinto eziwuketshezi, uzibeka engcupheni yokudlulela ngokweqile kusekethe noma umlilo.
Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngamafuse, sicela uvakashele leli khasi.
Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa
Zingaki izinhlobo zamafuse e-AC akhona?
Kunezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko zamafuse e-AC: amafuse kagesi aphansi namafuse kagesi aphezulu.
Okungase kuhlukaniswe ngezinhlobo eziyi-11 noma ngaphezulu.
Zingaki izinhlobo zamafuse esinazo kubunjiniyela bakagesi?
Izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-11 zamafuse zisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zikagesi, ezihlukaniswe ngezigaba eziyinhloko zamafuse e-AC ne-DC. Amafuse aphinde ahlukaniswe abe izigaba zamandla kagesi aphezulu naphansi.
