Ukuhambisana kwama-Antifreezes G11 G12 kanye ne-G13 - angaxutshwa

I-antifreeze iwuketshezi olusebenzayo olubalulekile umsebenzi walo oyinhloko ukupholisa injini nokuvikela. Lolu ketshezi aluqini emazingeni okushisa aphansi futhi lunomkhawulo ophezulu wokubilisa nokubanda, ovikela injini evuthayo yangaphakathi ekushiseni ngokweqile nasekulimaleni ngenxa yokushintsha kwevolumu phakathi nokubilisa. Izithasiselo ezifakwe ku-antifreeze zinezakhiwo eziningi ezivikela izingxenye zesistimu yokupholisa ekugqwaleni futhi zinciphise ukuguga kwazo.

Ayini ama-antifreeze ekubunjweni kwawo

Isisekelo sanoma yikuphi ukwakheka kokupholisa isisekelo se-glycol (propylene glycol noma i-ethylene glycol), ingxenyenamba yayo enkulu ngokwesilinganiso i-90%. I-3-5% yenani eliphelele le-liquid eligxilile liyi-distilled, 5-7% - izithasiselo ezikhethekile.

Izwe ngalinye elikhiqiza uketshezi lwesistimu yokupholisa linezigaba zalo, kodwa izigaba ezilandelayo ngokuvamile zisetshenziswa ukuze kugwenywe ukudideka:

• G11, G12, G13;
• ngemibala (oluhlaza, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ophuzi, onsomi, obomvu).

Amaqembu G11, G12 kanye ne-G13

Ukuhlukaniswa okuvame kakhulu kwezinhlanganisela zokupholisa kwaba ukuhlukaniswa okuthuthukiswe ukukhathazeka kwe-VAG.

Ukuhlelwa kwezigaba okuthuthukiswe ngabakwaVolkswagen:

G11 - ama-coolants adalwe ngokwendabuko, kodwa aphelelwe yisikhathi okwamanje, ubuchwepheshe. Ukwakhiwa kwezithasiselo zokulwa nokugqwala kuhlanganisa izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlanganisela ze-inorganic ezinhlanganisela ezihlukahlukene (silicates, nitrate, borates, phosphates, nitrites, amines).

Izithasiselo ze-silicate zakha ungqimba olukhethekile lokuvikela endaweni engaphakathi yesistimu yokupholisa, eqhathaniswa nobukhulu nesilinganiso seketela. Ubukhulu besendlalelo kunciphisa ukudluliswa kokushisa, kunciphisa umphumela wokupholisa.

Ngaphansi kwethonya eliqhubekayo lokushintsha okuphawulekayo kwezinga lokushisa, ukudlidliza nesikhathi, ungqimba olwengeziwe luyabhujiswa futhi luqale ukuwohloka, okuholela ekuwohlokeni kokujikeleza kwesipholile futhi kubangele omunye umonakalo. Ukuze ugweme umphumela olimazayo, i-antifreeze ye-silicate kufanele ishintshwe okungenani njalo eminyakeni emi-2.

G12 - i-antifreeze, ehlanganisa izithasiselo eziphilayo (ama-carboxylic acid). Isici sezithasiselo ze-carboxylate ukuthi ungqimba oluyisivikelo alwakhiwe endaweni yesistimu, futhi izithasiselo zakha ungqimba oluvikelayo oluncane kakhulu olungaphansi kogqinsi lwe-micron kuphela ezindaweni zomonakalo, okuhlanganisa nokugqwala.

Izinzuzo zayo:

• izinga eliphezulu lokudlulisa ukushisa;
• ukungabi khona kwesendlalelo endaweni yangaphakathi, eqeda ukuvinjelwa nokunye ukubhujiswa kwezingxenye ezihlukahlukene nezingxenye zemoto;
• impilo yesevisi eyandisiwe (iminyaka engu-3-5), futhi kuze kube yiminyaka engu-5 ungasebenzisa uketshezi olunjalo ngokuhlanza okuphelele kwesistimu ngaphambi kokuyigcwalisa nokusebenzisa isisombululo se-antifreeze esenziwe ngomumo.

Ukuze kuqedwe lokhu kungalungile, kwakhiwe i-antifreeze ye-G12 + hybrid, ehlanganisa izici ezinhle zezingxube ze-silicate ne-carboxylate ngokusebenzisa izithasiselo eziphilayo kanye ne-inorganic.

Ngo-2008, kwavela ikilasi elisha - 12G ++ (lobrid antifreezes), isisekelo sezinto eziphilayo esihlanganisa inani elincane lezithasiselo ezingaphili.

G13 - ama-coolants anobungani bemvelo asekelwe ku-propylene glycol, okuyinto, ngokungafani ne-ethylene glycol enobuthi, ayinabungozi kubo bobabili abantu nemvelo. Umehluko wayo kuphela kusuka ku-G12 ++ ubungane bayo bemvelo, imingcele yezobuchwepheshe iyafana.

Green

Amapholisa aluhlaza aqukethe izithasiselo ezingaphili. I-antifreeze enjalo ingeyesigaba se-G11. Impilo yesevisi yezixazululo ezinjalo zokupholisa ayikho ngaphezu kweminyaka emi-2. Inenani eliphansi.

Kunconyelwe ukusetshenziswa ezimotweni ezindala, ngenxa yokuqina kwesendlalelo sokuzivikela, okuvimbela ukwakheka kwama-microcracks nokuvuza, ezinhlelweni zokupholisa nge-aluminium noma i-aluminium alloy radiators.

Okubomvu

I-antifreeze ebomvu ingeyesigaba se-G12, okuhlanganisa i-G12+ ne-G12++. Inokuphila kwesevisi okungenani iminyaka emi-3, kuye ngokuthi ukwakheka nokulungiswa kwesistimu ngaphambi kokugcwalisa. Kungcono ukusebenzisa kumasistimu ama-radiator awo ayithusi noma ithusi.

Dark blue

Amapholisa aluhlaza angaphansi kwesigaba se-G11, avame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-Antifreeze. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokupholisa zezimoto ezindala zaseRussia.

Фиолетовый

I-antifreeze ensomi, efana nepinki, ingeyekilasi G12 ++ noma i-G13. Iqukethe inani elincane lezithasiselo ze-inorganic (amaminerali). Banokuphepha okuphezulu kwemvelo.

Lapho uthela i-lobrid purple antifreeze enjinini entsha, inempilo engenamkhawulo. Isetshenziswa ezimotweni zesimanje.

Kungenzeka yini ukuxuba i-antifreeze eluhlaza, ebomvu neluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka komunye nomunye

Ezimweni eziningi, umbala wesixazululo sokupholisa injini yomlilo wangaphakathi ubonisa ukwakheka kwawo kanye nezakhiwo. Ungaxuba ama-antifreeze ama-shades ahlukene kuphela uma engaphansi kwesigaba esifanayo. Uma kungenjalo, ukusabela kwamakhemikhali kungase kwenzeke, okuzothinta ngokushesha noma kamuva isimo semoto.

Kungenzeka yini ukuxuba ama-antifreezes. Imibala ehlukahlukene kanye nabakhiqizi. Imibala eyodwa futhi ehlukene

I-Antifreeze inqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukuxuba nezinye izinhlobo zokupholisa.

Kwenzekani uma uxuba iqembu i-G11 ne-G12

Ukuxuba izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-antifreeze kungabangela izinkinga ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Imiphumela eyinhloko yokuxuba amakilasi e-silicate ne-carboxylate:

• ukugqwala kwezindawo zangaphakathi zesistimu yokupholisa;
• ukugeleza koketshezi olusebenzayo;
• ukushisa kwenjini;
• ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kufika ku-5%;
• ukuvinjwa kwamashaneli enjini evuthayo yangaphakathi;
• ukuvala ama-radiator nezinye izingxenye zesistimu yokupholisa;
• ukushintshwa kwephampu;
• ukunciphisa impilo yesevisi yamafutha enjini;
• ezinye ukungasebenzi kahle.

Kuphela esimweni esiphuthumayo, ungakwazi ukwengeza izinhlobo ezahlukene.

Ngokwenza lokhu, lezi zinto ezilandelayo kufanele zicatshangelwe:

• kuyadingeka ukuxuba izixazululo zokupholisa ngesisekelo esifanayo (i-ethylene glycol kuphela nge-ethylene glycol);
• Izingxube zamahhala ze-silicate zinqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukuxuba nabanye;
• kuyadingeka ukuthola i-antifreeze efanelekile emotweni futhi uyisebenzise kuphela lapho ugcwalisa futhi ushintsha uketshezi olusebenzayo ohlelweni lokupholisa.

Uma kudingekile ukwengeza inani elincane lokupholisa futhi lingekho elifanele, kungcono ukwengeza amanzi acwecwe, okuzonciphisa kancane izindawo zokupholisa nokuzivikela, kodwa ngeke kubangele ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okuyingozi emotweni, njengoba endabeni yokuxuba i-silicate ne-carboxylate compounds.

Ungahlola kanjani ukuhambisana kwe-antifreeze

Ukuze uhlole ukuhambisana kwama-antifreezes, kuyadingeka ukuthi ufunde ngokucophelela ukwakheka, ngoba akubona bonke abakhiqizi abahambisana nezigaba zombala noma zezigaba (G11, G12, G13), kwezinye izimo bangase bangabonisi ngisho.

Ithebula 1. Ukuhambisana lapho ugcwalisa.

Uhlobo lwe-topping fluid	Uhlobo lwe-antifreeze ohlelweni lokupholisa
	G11	G12	G12 +	G12 ++	G13
G11	+	Ukuxuba akuvunyelwe	+	+	+
G12	Ukuxuba akuvunyelwe	+	+	+	+
G12 +	+	+	+	+	+
G12 ++	+	+	+	+	+
G13	+	+	+	+	+

Ukugcwalisa uketshezi lwamakilasi ahlukahlukene kuvunyelwe kuphela ukusebenza isikhathi esifushane, emva kwalokho kuyadingeka ukwenza ukushintshwa okuphelele nokuguquguquka kwesistimu yokupholisa.

I-antifreeze ekhethwe kahle ngokuhambisana nohlobo lwesistimu yokupholisa, ukwakheka kwe-radiator kanye nesimo semoto, ukushintshwa kwayo ngesikhathi kuzoqinisekisa ukuphepha kwesistimu yokupholisa, ukuvikela injini ekushiseni ngokweqile nokusiza ukugwema ezinye izimo eziningi ezingathandeki.