Ungawukhipha kanjani umoya ohlelweni lokupholisa imoto
Okuqukethwe
Abanikazi abaningi bezimoto bayaqaphela ukubaluleka kwesistimu yokupholisa, kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu owazi isizathu sokushisa okukhuphuka ngokushesha noma ukusebenza okungalungile kwesitofu, nakuba ezimweni eziningi yiyona kuphela - i-airness yesistimu.
Isizathu sokuvela kwesikhiya somoya ohlelweni lokupholisa
Izinhlelo zokupholisa zezimoto zesimanje zenzelwe ukucindezela okuphezulu okuzinzile kuzo (kufika ku-100 kPa). Lo mklamo wenza kube nokwenzeka ukwandisa iphuzu lokubilisa lamanzi ku-120-125 degrees.
Kodwa-ke, izinga lokushisa elinjalo kanye nokupholisa okuphumelelayo kwe-motor kungenzeka kuphela uma uhlelo lusebenza ngokugcwele. Enye yezinkinga ezivame kakhulu ohlelweni lokupholisa ukwenzeka kwamapulaki avela emoyeni.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokucinana komoya zihlanganisa:
- ukungena komoya ngamajoyinti avuzayo amapayipi egatsha, amapayipi, amashubhu ngenxa yezinguquko zengcindezi ezenzeka phakathi nokunyakaza koketshezi olusebenzayo lwesistimu yokupholisa, okuholela ekutheni umoya udonswe ngamajoyinti angashintshile;
- umjovo womoya lapho usebenzisa ifaneli yomlomo obanzi, ngenkathi inqubo yokwengeza uketshezi, ukugeleza kwayo akuvumeli ukuphunyuka kwegesi, ukuyifaka ethangini;
- ukuguga okukhulayo kwezingxenye ngazinye zepompo yamanzi (ama-fiber, ama-gaskets nama-seal), ngokusebenzisa imifantu nemifantu lapho umoya ungamuncwa khona;
- ukuvuza kokupholisa ngamapayipi, i-heater kanye nama-radiators okupholisa, ama-hoses, okubangela ukwehla kwezinga le-antifreeze nokugcwalisa isikhala esingenalutho ethangini lokukhulisa ngomoya;
- ukwephulwa kwe-patency yeziteshi ku-radiator, okubangela ukwephulwa kokupholisa nokubukeka kwama-bubbles emoyeni;
- ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-valve yokusiza ukucindezela okwedlulele kukepisi yethangi lokunweba, okuholela ekumunceni komoya futhi kungenzeki ukuwukhipha ngevalvu efanayo;
- ukulimala kwe-cylinder head gasket, okuholela ekupholiseni ukungena ku-oyela nge-crankcase (uphawu - ukwanda kwezinga likawoyela kanye noshintsho embala walo) noma ohlelweni lokukhipha umoya (umusi ovela ku-muffler uba mhlophe), okubangela ukwehla kwenani le-antifreeze nokugcwalisa isikhala samahhala ngomoya.
Izimpawu noma izimpawu zesistimu yokupholisa injini eminyanisiwe
Umoya ohlelweni lokupholisa ungabangela izinkinga ezinkulu zenjini. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, kufanele uqaphele izimpawu ezisobala lapho umoya uvela ohlelweni lokupholisa.
Izimpawu zomoya:
- ukushisa ngokweqile kwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi, evezwa ngokukhuphuka ngokushesha kwezinga lokushisa le-antifreeze kanye nokunyakaza kwesikhombi endaweni yokushisa ngokweqile (isikali esibomvu) noma singene kuso (noma ukushiswa kwesithonjana esikhethekile kudeshibhodi) , njengoba kukhona ukwephulwa kokujikeleza kwe-antifreeze ngokusebenzisa uhlelo, okuholela ekwehleni okubonakalayo kokupholisa kahle;
- umoya ophuma ohlelweni lokushisa uphuma ubanda noma ufudumele kancane, njengoba amabhamuza omoya ephazamisa ukuhamba koketshezi olusebenzayo ohlelweni.
Uma izimpawu ezinjalo zivela, izinyathelo eziphuthumayo kufanele zithathwe ukugwema ukushisisa ngokweqile kwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi kanye nokulungiswa kabusha kusenesikhathi noma ngokushesha ngemva kokweqa izinga lokushisa lenjini elituswayo.
Okokuqala, lapho injini isebenza, kufanele uhlole ukuqiniswa kwamapayipi, amapayipi namapayipi ukuze kuqiniswe, ngokuvamile kwanele ukuqinisa izinsimbi ukuze kuqedwe ukuvuza komoya. Kuyadingeka ukuhlola ngokucophelela isimo samapayipi namashubhu enziwe ngenjoloba, uma wonakalisiwe, kufanele ashintshwe.
Uma injini yomlilo yangaphakathi isebenza, i-thermostat enesibopho sokuvula / ukuvala indilinga eyengeziwe yokupholisa injini ingaphansi komthwalo owandayo. Uma, ngemva kokuqala injini evuthayo yangaphakathi, ishisa ngokushesha okukhulu futhi i-radiator epholile fan ivula cishe ngokushesha futhi inkomba yokushisa ihamba ngokushesha endaweni ebomvu (ukushisa ngokweqile), khona-ke lokhu kungase kusho ukuthi i-thermostat ibambelele endaweni evaliwe. noma ukuba khona komoya epayipini lepompo.
Esimweni esiphambene, lapho injini ifudumala kancane kakhulu, isilawuli singase jam endaweni evulekile noma ukuba khona kwe-air lock kuyo.
Kulula ukuhlola i-thermostat ye-serviceability - kulokhu udinga ukuqala imoto bese ulinda i-gauge yokushisa ukuze iqale ukuhamba, bese uzwa kahle amapayipi. Lapho isilawuli sisebenza, umlomo wombhobho ongenhla ufudumala ngokushesha, kuyilapho ophansi uhlala upholile.
Ngemuva kokuvula i-thermostat (ama-85-95 degrees, kuye ngokuthi imodeli yomshini), ipayipi ephansi kufanele ifudumale - nge-thermostat esebenzayo. Ukusebenza kwepompo yamanzi kufanele kuhlolwe izinga lomsindo, ukungabi khona kokuvuza okupholisayo ebhokisini lokugxusha kanye nokungabikho kokudlidliza kupompo (i-bearing).
Indlela yokukhipha umoya ohlelweni lokupholisa - zonke izindlela
Kumamodeli amaningi ezimoto, ukususa isikhiya somoya ohlelweni lokupholisa kulula kakhulu futhi ngisho nomuntu ongeyena uchwepheshe angakwenza, okuzogcina inani elikhulu.
Kunezindlela ezintathu zokukhipha umoya ngezandla zakho:
1) Kudingekile ukubeka umshini endizeni eyisicaba futhi uhlakaze isivikelo esiphezulu esivela ku-motor. Kumamodeli amaningi, i-throttle assembly iyindawo ephakeme kakhulu ohlelweni lokupholisa.
Uma, ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okubonakalayo kumodeli ethile yemoto, isici esifanayo sivela, khona-ke ukopha umoya, kuyadingeka ukususa ipayipi lokuhlinzeka nge-antifreeze emhlanganweni we-throttle ngokukhulula i-clamp nge-screwdriver ye-Phillips, ngeke kube ngokweqile ukuvula iswishi sesitofu kumodi eshisa kakhulu (le nqubo ifaneleka ikakhulukazi kuma-VAZ).
Khona-ke kufanele ukhulule ikepisi ethangini lokunweba bese uvala imbobo ngendwangu ehlanzekile bese uqala ukuvuthela umoya ethangini ngomlomo wakho kuze kube yilapho isipholile siqala ukuphuma epayipini, okusho ukukhishwa kwepulaki. Khona-ke kufanele ulungise ipayipi futhi uqinise ikhava.
2) Ukufudumala ngaphambili injini evuthayo yangaphakathi imizuzu engu-10-20 (kuye ngokuthi izinga lokushisa langaphandle). Khona-ke kufanele ukhulule i-cap ethangini lokunweba bese ususa ipayipi yokuhlinzeka nge-antifreeze kumodule ye-throttle.
Ngemuva kokuthi i-coolant iqala ukugeleza isuka epayipini, kufanele ibuyiselwe endaweni yayo, ilungise ngokucophelela i-clamp. Lapho wenza le nqubo, kuyadingeka ukugwema ukuthintana noketshezi olusebenzayo esikhumbeni nasezimpahleni ukuze ugweme ukusha.
3) Kudingekile ukubeka imoto kubhuleki lesandla endaweni ethambekele (enengxenye yangaphambili ekukhuphukeni), izitobhi ezengeziwe ngaphansi kwamasondo ngeke zibe yi-superfluous.
Okulandelayo, qala injini futhi uyivumele isebenze imizuzu eyi-10-20 ukuze ushise isipholile futhi uvule i-thermostat. Khona-ke ngokucophelela, ukuze ungazishisi, kufanele ususe i-cap ku-tank yokwandisa kanye ne-radiator.
Phakathi nale nqubo, kufanele ucindezele njalo ngobumnene i-accelerator pedal futhi wengeze i-antifreeze (i-antifreeze), ngeke kube yinto engafaneleki ukuvula isitofu kumodi eshisa kakhulu ukuze wophe umoya ohlelweni lokushisa.
Ukuphuma kwepulaki kuzobonakala ngokubonakala kwama-bubbles, ngemuva kokunyamalala kwawo okuphelele kanye / noma ukubonakala komoya oshisayo kakhulu ohlelweni lokushisa, ungacisha injini bese ubuyisela izembozo endaweni yazo, njengoba lokhu kuzosho. ukususwa okuphelele komoya ohlelweni lokupholisa.
Le ndlela ayisebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi, njengoba ezinye izici zokuklama zingase zingavumeli le nqubo ukuba yenziwe. Le ndlela iphumelela kakhulu ezimotweni ezindala, kuhlanganise nama-VAZ.
Ukuzikhipha komoya kusekelwe emithethweni eyisisekelo yemvelo - umoya uyigesi, futhi igesi ilula kunoketshezi, futhi izinqubo ezengeziwe zandisa ukucindezela ohlelweni, ukusheshisa ukugeleza koketshezi kanye nokukhishwa komoya.
Izincomo zokuvimbela
Kulula kakhulu ukugwema ukubonakala komoya ohlelweni lokupholisa kunokuqeda izimbangela zokushisa kwenjini kamuva.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele ulandele izincomo ezilula:
- uthele i-antifreeze ku-tank yokwandisa emfudlaneni omncane ngaphandle kokusebenzisa i-funnel ebanzi;
- ngezikhathi ezithile yenza ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo kwamapayipi, ama-hoses kanye namaphoyinti okunamathisela kwawo ukuze aqine futhi alimale, uma kukhona, esikhundleni sesici esonakele;
- shintsha njalo iphampu yesistimu yokupholisa ngokwezidingo zomenzi;
- hlala uqapha izinga loketshezi olusebenzayo ethangini futhi, uma kunesidingo, ulifake ngokushesha;
- hlola izinga likawoyela futhi uma likhula, kuyaphuthuma ukwenza ukuxilongwa, njengoba lokhu cishe kusho ukulimala kwe-cylinder head gasket.
Uma kuvela izimpawu zomoya, zingaqedwa kalula ngokufaka izingxenye ezigugile futhi zikhiphe igesi ngezindlela ezilula ezingenzeka ngisho nakumshayeli wezimfundamakhwela ngokuya ngobunkimbinkimbi.
Ukwakhiwa komoya ohlelweni lokupholisa futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukushisa ngokweqile kwe-motor kulula ukuvimbela ngokuhlola isimo sesistimu ngezikhathi ezithile, ukwengeza i-antifreeze ngesikhathi esifanele futhi, ngokuhambisana nemithethonqubo yomkhiqizi, esikhundleni salokho. iphampu yamanzi kanye nezingxenye ezilimele.
