Ukwakhiwa kwe-antifreeze kanye nezakhiwo zayo
Okuqukethwe
Incazelo ejwayelekile kanye nezakhiwo
Ukwakheka kwekhwalithi ye-antifreeze akuhlukile kuma-analogue angaphandle. Ukungafani kusephesentini lezingxenye kuphela. Isisekelo sokupholisa siqukethe amanzi acwengekile noma akhishiwe, i-ethanediol noma i-propanediol alcohols, izithasiselo ezilwa nokugqwala kanye nodayi. Ukwengeza, i-buffer reagent (i-sodium hydroxide, i-benzotriazole) kanye ne-defoamer, i-polymethylsiloxane, yengezwa.
Njengezinye izinto zokupholisa, i-antifreeze yehlisa izinga lokushisa lekristalu lamanzi futhi inciphise ukunwebeka kweqhwa ngesikhathi sokuqhwa. Lokhu kuvimbela ukulimala kwebhantshi lesistimu yokupholisa injini ebusika. Inezinto zokugcoba kanye ne-anti-corrosion.
Yini efakiwe ku-antifreeze?
"Amaresiphi" amaningana e-antifreeze ayaziwa - kokubili kuma-inorganic inhibitors naku-carboxylate noma ama-lobrid analogue. Ukwakheka kwakudala kwe-antifreeze kuchazwe ngezansi, kanye nephesenti nendima yezingxenye zamakhemikhali.
- Ama-Glycols
I-monohydric noma i-polyhydric alcohols - i-ethylene glycol, i-propanediol, i-glycerin. Lapho usebenzisana namanzi, iphuzu lokuqandisa lesixazululo sokugcina liyancipha, futhi iphuzu lokubilisa le-liquid liyanda. Okuqukethwe: 25–75%.
- Amanzi
Kusetshenziswa amanzi acwebile. Isipholile esikhulu. Isusa ukushisa ezindaweni zokusebenza ezishisayo. Amaphesenti - kusuka ku-10 kuya ku-45%.
- Odayi
I-Tosol A-40 inombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okukhombisa indawo yokuqandisa (-40 ° C) kanye nephuzu elibilayo elingu-115 ° C. Kukhona futhi i-analogue ebomvu enephuzu le-crystallization -65 ° C. I-Uranine, usawoti we-sodium we-fluorescein, isetshenziswa njengodayi. Iphesenti: ngaphansi kuka-0,01%. Inhloso kadayi ukunquma ngokubukeka inani lokupholisa ithangi lokunweba, futhi isebenzela ukunquma ukuvuza.
Izithasiselo - corrosion inhibitors kanye nama-defoamers
Ngenxa yezindleko eziphansi, iziguquli ezingaphili zivame ukusetshenziswa. Kukhona nezinhlobo zezinto ezipholile ezisuselwe kuma-organic, silicate kanye nama-polymer composite inhibitors.
| Izithasiselo | Класс | Okuqukethwe |
| Ama-nitrate, ama-nitrate, ama-phosphates nama-sodium borates. I-alkali metal silicates
| I-Inorganic | I-0,01-4% |
| Amabili-, amathathu-ayisisekelo e-carboxylic acid nosawoti wawo. Ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa ama-succinic, adipic kanye ne-decandioic acid. | Okungokwemvelo | I-2-6% |
| I-Silicone polymers, i-polymethylsiloxane | I-polymer composite (lobrid) defoamers | I-0,0006-0,02% |
Kwethulwa ama-Defoam ukuze kuncishiswe ukugcwala kwe-antifreeze. Ukukhihliza amagwebu kuvimbela ukukhishwa kokushisa futhi kudala ingozi yokungcoliswa kwamabheringi nezinye izakhi zesakhiwo ngemikhiqizo yokugqwala.
Ikhwalithi ye-antifreeze nempilo yesevisi
Ngokushintsha umbala we-antifreeze, umuntu angahlulela isimo sokupholisa. I-antifreeze entsha inombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ogqamile. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, uketshezi luthola umbala ophuzi, bese umbala unyamalala ngokuphelele. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokonakala kwe-corrosion inhibitors, okubonisa isidingo sokushintshwa kwesipholile. Eqinisweni, impilo yesevisi ye-antifreeze yiminyaka engu-2-5.
