Uhlelo lokubuka ebusuku lwemoto

Ubumnyama nokunganaki yizitha eziyinhloko zomgwaqo ophephile, okuvame ukudala izingozi. Uma esimweni sokuqala umshayeli nabahamba ngezinyawo bedinga isimo sengqondo sokuzibophezela ekuziphatheni kwabo emgwaqeni, isikhathi esimnyama sosuku siyimbangela yemvelo engenakuqedwa.

Noma ngabe umshayeli unake kangakanani ngenkathi eshayela ebusuku, iso lakhe lisenemikhawulo ethile, yingakho angahle angaboni isithiyo emgwaqeni. Ukwenza kube lula kubashayeli banamuhla, abakhiqizi bezimoto abaziwayo benze uhlelo lwe-nva (night view assist), noma umsizi wombono ebusuku.

Cabanga ngokufakwa kule divayisi, ukuthi isebenza kanjani, iziphi izinhlobo zamadivayisi ezikhona, kanye nobuhle nobubi bazo.

Luyini uhlelo lombono ebusuku

Kwabaningi abezwa ngalolu hlelo, kuhlotshaniswa kakhulu namafilimu ezenzo. Ezithombeni ezinjalo, amasosha amayunithi aphambili afaka izibuko ezikhethekile ezibavumela ukuthi babone ebumnyameni obukhulu. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lolu hlelo lusanda kusetshenziswa ezimotweni muva nje. Ngaphambi kwalokho, empeleni yayisetshenziswa yizinhlaka zamasosha.

Izimoto eziningi zikanokusho zithola le divayisi njengokujwayelekile. Ezinguqulweni ezibizayo, uhlelo lokuphepha olusebenzayo nolungenzi lutho luhlanganisa neminye imishini. Isibonelo, imoto uqobo lwayo ingabona isithiyo futhi ixwayise ngengozi ngesikhathi noma ivimbele ukushayisana uma umshayeli engasabeli ngesikhathi. Lokhu kwandisa ukuphepha kwemoto.

Ngamafuphi, idivaysi yokubuka ebusuku iyinto ekwazi ukubona into enkulu (kungaba umuntu ohamba ngezinyawo, isigxobo noma isilwane). Izinzwa ezikhethekile zibonisa isithombe somgwaqo esibukweni njengekhamera ejwayelekile, kuphela kumamodeli amaningi isithombe sinokuguquguquka okumnyama nokumhlophe kwemibala, futhi izinketho ezibiza kakhulu zibonisa isithombe sombala.

Yenzelwe ini

Uhlelo lokubona ebusuku luvumela umshayeli ukuthi:

• Ebumnyameni, bona isithiyo kusengaphambili futhi ugweme ingozi;
• Kungaba khona izinto zangaphandle emgwaqweni ezingakhombisi ukukhanya kwezimoto ngendlela efanayo nophawu lomgwaqo. Ngenxa yejubane lezokuthutha, uhla lwamalambu angaphambili alwanele ukuba umshayeli asabele ngesikhathi. Lokhu kubi kakhulu uma umuntu ehamba eceleni komgwaqo, kanti enye imoto enesibani esikhanyayo ishayela kolunye uhlangothi.
• Noma umshayeli eyishayela ngokucophelela, kuba nzima ikakhulukazi uma sekuhwalala, lapho ukukhanya kwemini kungakanyamalali, kepha ubumnyama obuphelele abufiki futhi. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo, isibani semoto kungenzeka singakhiphi ukukhanya okwanele ukuvumela umshayeli ukuthi akwazi ukulawula imingcele yendlela. Idivayisi ikuvumela ukuthi unqume ngokusobala ukuthi umgwaqo uphela kuphi nehlombe liqala.

Akuyona imfihlo kunoma ngubani ukuthi izinhlobo ezithile zezilwane kuphela ezingabona kahle ebumnyameni. Umuntu akanalo lelo khono, ngakho-ke, izinto ezingakhanyi kahle amalambu angaba yingozi ethize emgwaqeni. Iso lomuntu likwazi ukuhlukanisa izinto ezinkulu kuphela bese liziqhelelana nje.

Ukuhamba kwezimoto kuqhubekisela phambili isimo - uma umshayeli enesikhathi sokubona isithiyo eduze, uzoba nesikhathi esincane kakhulu sokugwema ukushayisana. Ukuzivikela enkingeni, nemoto ekuthintekeni, umshayeli kufanele afake ilambu elikhanyayo, elizocasula kakhulu abashayeli bezimoto ezizayo, noma lihambe kancane.

Ukufaka into yokubona ebusuku kuyokwenza uzizwe uzethemba ngokwengeziwe ezimweni ezinjalo. Ngokuya ngemodeli yedivayisi, isistimu izokwazisa umshayeli ngesithiyo esivele endleleni yemoto, noma umshayeli uzobona yena uqobo lapho ebheka umqaphi. Ibanga lapho idivayisi ibona khona izinto livumela umshayeli ukuba abadlule noma abhuleke ngesikhathi ngaphandle kokuhamba okungazelelwe.

Ukuthi isebenza kanjani

Isimo esibalulekile sokusebenza kwalolu hlelo lokuphepha ukuba khona kwekhamera ekhethekile. Ifakwe ngaphambili kwemoto, kuya ngedivayisi ethile. Le kungaba ikhamera ehlukile yevidiyo efakwe ku-radiator grille, kubhampa noma eduze kwesibuko sokubuka emuva.

Inzwa ye-infrared iphendula kwizithiyo ebangeni elibanzi kuneso lomuntu. Idivayisi yokulandelela idlulisa imininingwane etholakele kumonitha ohlukile, ongafakwa kukhonsoli noma kudeshibhodi yomshini. Amanye amamodeli wedivayisi enza ukubonakala kwi-windshield.

Lapho ufaka ikhamera, udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ihlanzekile, ngoba inquma ibanga lapho izinto ezizokwaziwa khona. Iningi lamadivayisi liyakwazi ukubona imoto emile nobukhulu obucishiwe (ukuthi kungani imoto idinga amalambu okupaka, iyasho lapha) ebangeni cishe elingamamitha angama-300, nomuntu - cishe amamitha ayikhulu.

Izakhi zesakhiwo

Umkhiqizi ngamunye uhlomisa uhlelo olunikeza umbono wasebusuku wezinto zangaphandle ngezinto ezahlukahlukene, kepha izingxenye ezisemqoka zihlala zifana. Umehluko omkhulu ikhwalithi yezingxenye ezithile. Idivayisi ifaka phakathi:

• Isilawuli seso. Kungaba nezingxenye eziningana zalezi zingxenye, futhi zifakwe phambi kwemoto, kaningi ku-optics yekhanda. Amadivayisi akhipha imisebe ye-infrared ebangeni elide.
• I-Camcorder. Lesi sakhi silungisa umgwaqo ngaphambi kwemoto, siphinde silungise imisebe ebonakala ezindaweni.
• Iyunithi yokulawula ehlanganisa idatha kusuka kuzinzwa nakwikhamera yevidiyo. Imininingwane esetshenzisiwe ikhiqizelwa umshayeli ngokuya ngokuthi into yesine izoba yini.
• Ukukhiqiza kabusha idivayisi. Kungaba ukuqapha noma ukubonisa umbala. Kwamanye amamodeli, isithombe sikhonjiswe kufasitela lomoya ukuze kube lula ukulawula umgwaqo.

 Ngesikhathi sasemini, amanye amadivayisi angasebenza njenge-DVR ejwayelekile. Ebumnyameni, le divayisi icubungula amasiginali avela kuzinzwa bese iwabonisa njengesithombe esibukweni. Ngokusebenziseka okusobala, lokhu kuthuthukiswa akukuphikisi ukunaka komshayeli, ngakho-ke, amamodeli anephrojektha efasiteleni lomoya awasebenzi kangako, ngoba aphazamisa ukulandela umgwaqo.

Izinhlobo zezinhlelo zokubuka ebusuku zemoto

Onjiniyela bezinhlelo zokubuka ebusuku zemoto benze izinhlobo ezimbili zamadivayisi:

1. Amadivayisi anemodi yokusebenza esebenzayo. Imishini enjalo ifakwe izinzwa ezithola imisebe ye-infrared, kanye nama-emitters akhelwe kulambu lwangaphambili. Isibani se-IR sikhanya buqamama, imisebe ibonakala ebusweni bezinto, futhi ikhamera enezinzwa iyazithatha izidlulisele kuphiko lokulawula. Ukusuka lapho isithombe siya kumonitha. Umgomo wokusebenza uyefana nomsebenzi weso lomuntu, kuphela ebangeni le-infrared. Ukucaciswa kwamadivayisi anjalo ukuthi isithombe esicacile esinokulungiswa okuphezulu siboniswa esikrinini. Nokho, actuation ibanga ukulungiswa okunjalo imayelana 250 amamitha.
2. I-analogue yekwenziwa ibangelwe ibanga elide (kufika ku-300m) ngenxa yokuthi izinzwa ezikuyo zisebenza kumgomo wesithombe esishisayo. Idivayisi ithola imisebe yokushisa kusuka ezintweni, iyicubungule futhi iyibonise esikrinini sedivayisi njengesithombe ekuguqulweni okumnyama nokumhlophe.

Akunasidingo sokusebenzisa amadivayisi abamba imisebe ezintweni ezitholakala ngaphezu kwamamitha angama-300. Isizathu ukuthi esibukweni, izinto ezinjalo zizokhonjiswa nje njengamachashazi amancane. Akukho okuqukethwe kwemininingwane kusuka ekuchaneni okunjalo, ngakho-ke, ukusebenza kahle kakhulu kwedivayisi kubonakala ngqo kuleli banga.

Izinhlelo zokubuka ebusuku ezenziwa izinkampani ezinkulu

Ngokwakha uhlelo lokuphepha olusha, abakhiqizi bezimoto bazama ukwenza amadivayisi ahlukile anezinzuzo kunezinye izinkampani. Yize izibuko zokubuka ebusuku zezimoto zisebenza ngendlela efanayo, amanye amamodeli anokuhluka kwawo.

Isibonelo, ake siqhathanise izici zokuguqulwa kusuka kubakhiqizi abathathu abadumile emhlabeni.

INight View Assist Plus yakwaMercedes-Benz

Enye yezentuthuko eyingqayizivele yethulwe ukukhathazeka kwaseJalimane, okususa ulayini womhlangano wezimoto ezingama-premium ezinabasizi bezishayeli, kufaka phakathi i-NVA. Ukwenza idivaysi ihluke kozakwabo, igama elithi plus lihlanganiswe negama lalo. Okuhlangene ukuthi ngaphezu kwezinto zangaphandle emgwaqeni, ikhamera iyakwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezimbobo.

Idivayisi isebenza ngokuya ngalemigomo elandelayo:

1. Izinzwa ze-infrared zithatha imisebe ebonakalisiwe kunoma iyiphi indawo, kufaka phakathi imigwaqo engalingani, futhi idlulisela imininingwane kwiyunithi yokulawula.
2. Ngasikhathi sinye, ikhamera yevidiyo ithwebula indawo ephambi kwemoto. Le nto iqukethe ama-diode abamba ukukhanya asabela ekukhanyeni kwelanga. Yonke le mininingwane iphakelwa ne-ECU yedivayisi.
3. I-Electronics ihlanganisa yonke idatha, iphinde ibuye ihlaziye ukuthi iyiphi ingxenye yosuku idatha esetshenziswayo.
4. Isikrini sekhonsoli sikhombisa lonke ulwazi oludingwa umshayeli.

Okucacile kokuthuthuka okuvela kwaMercedes ukuthi i-elekthronikhi ithatha izinyathelo ezithile ezizimele. Isibonelo, uma imoto ihamba ngejubane elingaphezu kwamakhilomitha angama-45 / ihora, bese kuthi ohamba ngezinyawo avele emgwaqeni (ibanga ukusuka kuye emotweni alidluli kumamitha ayi-80), imoto izimele ngokuzimela yenza amasiginali wokukhanya amaningi, ivule / icishe isigxobo esiphakeme. Kodwa-ke, le nketho ngeke isebenze uma kunokugeleza okuzayo komgwaqo emgwaqeni.

IDynamic Light Spot evela kwaBMW

Ukuthuthuka kwayo okukodwa kwaseJalimane, okulawulwa ngemodi ehlakaniphile. Umshini usuphephe kakhulu kubantu abahamba ngezinyawo. Ukucaciswa kwedivayisi ukuthi ngaphezu kwezinzwa ze-infrared, ifakwe inzwa yokushaya kwenhliziyo. Ngamanye amagama, i-elekthronikhi iyakwazi ukubona ukushaya kwenhliziyo yesidalwa esiphilayo esiseduze kwamamitha ayi-100 ukusuka emotweni.

Enye ingxenye yedivayisi inezinzwa ezifanayo, ikhamera nesikrini. Lolu hlelo lunama-LED angeziwe axwayisa abahamba ngezinyawo ukuthi imoto iyasondela (amalambu akhanyisa kaningi, kepha uma ingekho imoto ezayo).

Okunye okuhlukile kwalokhu kulungiswa ukuthi ilensi ye-LED ingazungeza ama-degree angama-180. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-NVA iyakwazi ukubona ngisho nalabo abasondela enqoleni yezimoto futhi ibaxwayise kusengaphambili ngengozi.

Umbono Wasebusuku от Audi

Ngo-2010, ithuluzi elivela kwa-Audi lanezelwa ku-arsenal yentuthuko esezingeni eliphakeme emkhakheni we-Night Vision. Idivayisi ifakwe isithombe esishisayo. Ikhamera ifakwe kwenye yezindandatho zesibonakaliso (ngasendleleni, kungani ilogo imelwe ngamasongo amane kuchazwe ku umlando wohlobo lwemoto i-Audi).

Ukuze kube lula ekuboneni, izinto ezibukhoma emgwaqeni zigqanyisiwe ngombala ophuzi esikrinini. Ukuthuthukiswa kwengezwe ngokulandela umkhondo womuntu ohamba ngezinyawo. Iyunithi yokulawula ibala ukuthi imoto ihamba ngakuphi, futhi lapho - umhambi ngezinyawo. Ngokuya ngale datha, i-elekthronikhi inquma isimo esingaba khona sokushayisana. Uma amathuba okuwela i-trajectories ephezulu, khona-ke umshayeli uzokuzwa isexwayiso esizwakalayo, bese umuntu (noma isilwane) esikukhonjiswa abe bomvu.

Sihlola idivayisi yasekhaya

Ngaphezu kwamadivayisi ajwayelekile, noma yimuphi umshayeli olungele ukukhipha cishe u- $ 250-500 unemishini etholakalayo engafakwa kunoma iyiphi imoto. Phambilini, le nketho ibitholakala kuphela kubanikazi bezimoto zikanokusho. Cabanga ngedivayisi yasekhaya ethi "Owl", esebenza ngemodi yasebusuku ayimbi kakhulu kunamamodeli abizayo avela ezinkampanini eziholayo.

Ikiti ihlanganisa:

• Amalambu amabili anama-emitters angabonakali. Eyokuqala ihlakaza imisebe eduze nangaphambili kwemoto ebangeni elicishe libe ngamamitha angama-80. Owesibili uqondisa ugongolo ebangeni ebangeni elicishe libe ngama-250 m. Zingafakwa ezingxenyeni zokukhanya kwenkungu noma zinamathiselwe eceleni kubhampa.
• Ikhamera yevidiyo ezinokulungiswa okuphezulu okune-lens nayo ethatha imisebe ye-infrared.
• Ukuqapha. Esikhundleni sejwayelekile, ungasebenzisa cishe noma yisiphi isikrini esihambisana nezinhlelo zokubhekwa kwamavidiyo ezisetshenziswa ezimotweni. Isimo esikhulu ukuthi isibonisi kufanele sihlonyelwe okokufaka kwevidiyo ye-analog.
• Isihlungi seso. Kubukeka njengesikrini esincane selensi yekhamera. Inhloso yawo ukuhlunga ukuphazanyiswa okwenziwa amaza okukhanya.
• Iyunithi yokulawula eqhuba amasiginali atholiwe.

Uma siqhathanisa ukusebenza kahle kwensimbi kanye nokukhanya okuvela kumalambu angaphambili, khona-ke idivayisi iyakwazi ngempela ukwenza kube lula ngomshayeli ukubona izinto ezikude ebumnyameni. Isivivinyo sokubona izinto ezimbili, inqobo nje uma i-optics isebenza ngemodi yogongolo ephansi, futhi abasizi basemgwaqweni owubhuqu:

• Ibanga elingama-50m. Kumalambu angaphambili, umshayeli ubona ama-silhouette kuphela, kepha ngesikhathi sokuhamba kancane angagwenywa. Isikrini sedivayisi sikhombisa ngokusobala ukuthi kunabantu ababili emgwaqeni.
• Ibanga le-100m. Ama-silhouettes asecishe angabonakali. Uma imoto ihamba ngokushesha (cishe ngama-60 km / h), khona-ke umshayeli unesikhathi esincane sokusabela ukwehlisa ijubane noma ukulungiselela ukuchezuka. Isithombe esikrinini asishintshi. Ukuphela kwento ukuthi izibalo sezinciphe kancane.
• Ibanga elingu-150m. Abasizi ababonakali nhlobo - udinga ukuvula ugongolo oluphakeme. Kuqapha lwedivayisi, isithombe sisacacile: ikhwalithi yendlela yomgwaqo iyabonakala, futhi ama-silhouette abe mancane, kepha abonakala ngokusobala ngemuva kwesizinda esibonisiwe.
• Ibanga eliphezulu ngu-200m. Ngisho amalambu kagesi aphezulu awasizi ukuqaphela izinto zangaphandle emgwaqeni. Ikhamera ye-infrared isabona izinto ezimbili ezihlukene. Ukuphela kwento ukuthi usayizi wabo wehlile.

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, ngisho nedivayisi yesabelomali ingenza izinto zibe lula kumshayeli, ikakhulukazi uma imoto yakhe inama-bulb ajwayelekile. Uma uzibuyisela esikhundleni nge-analogue ekhanyayo, isibonelo, i-halogen eyodwa, lokhu kungacasula abanye ababambiqhaza kuthrafikhi ezayo. Njengoba iso lomuntu lingakwazi ukubona imisebe ye-infrared, ama-emitters anamandla angasetshenziswa entweni yokubuka ebusuku. Ngeke ziphazamise abashayeli bezimoto ezizayo, kepha izinto zizohlukaniswa ngekhamera yevidiyo.

Ungawufaka kanjani umbono wemoto ebusuku?

Amamojula amaningi wokubuka ebusuku afana nedash cam. Kungakhathalekile imodeli, kufanele ibe nezinto ezintathu ezibalulekile: isikrini, ibhulokhi nekhamera (ingasebenza kumgomo wesithombe esishisayo noma nge-infrared emitters). Kwesinye isikhathi zonke lezi zinto zifakwe endlini eyodwa, okwenza ukufakwa kube lula.

Uhlelo lufakwe ngokuya kohlelo olulandelayo. Ukufakwa kwe-camcorder kuya ngohlobo lwedivayisi. Ezinye zingafakwa ngaphandle komshini. Kulokhu, kubalulekile ukugcina ilensi ihlanzekile. Okunye ukulungiswa kudalelwe ukufakwa endaweni yesibuko sokubuka emuva noma kudeshibhodi.

Umthombo wamandla ikakhulukazi ibhethri yemoto, kepha kukhona nezinketho ngebhethri ngalinye. Ukuxhumana nomqapha kanye nemodyuli yokulawula kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa uxhumano olunentambo noma olungenantambo. Indawo ekahle yokufaka ikhamera yangaphandle kufanele ikhethwe kulokhu kubalwa okulandelayo: ukuphakama kwelensi emhlabathini kungama-65 cm, isikhundla esincane esisuka kusibani esikhulu noma senkungu singama-48 cm. Ilensi kufanele itholakale maphakathi ne-grille.

Uma ngabe le divayisi ayisebenzisi ikhamera ye-IR, kepha ikhamera yokushisa ye-thermal, kufanele ibekwe kude ngangokunokwenzeka nenjini. Lokhu kuzovimbela okokusebenza ukuthi kungafudumali, okungaphazamisa ukusebenza kwalo. Ngokuqondene nokuguqulwa okungenantambo, udinga ukuzama ukunciphisa ubude bekhebula lamandla ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kungakhi ukuphazamiseka okwengeziwe.

Imodyuli engenantambo ingafakwa noma yikuphi ngaphakathi kwezimoto. Isimo esikhulu ukuthi umshayeli akumele aphazanyiswe ukushayela ukuze abheke isimo emgwaqweni esikrinini. Kuyinto elula kakhulu ukubeka qapha phambi kwamehlo omshayeli. Ngenxa yalokhu, kuzokwanela nje ukumane agxile kwesikrini sangaphambili noma esibukweni.

Izinzuzo nokungalungi

Kunomthetho owodwa obalulekile maqondana nezinhlelo zosizo lwabashayeli: akekho umsizi wanamuhla ongena esikhundleni sesidingo sokulawulwa kwezimoto ezizimele. Ngisho nemodeli yethuluzi esithuthuke kakhulu kunemikhawulo yayo.

Kuyenzeka ukusebenzisa amasistimu e-NVA ngenxa yezizathu ezilandelayo:

• Isithombe esikrinini sedivayisi senza kube lula ngomshayeli ukuzulazula emingceleni yomgwaqo, ikakhulukazi lapho kuhwalala, lapho amalambu angakasebenzi kahle ekubhekaneni nomsebenzi;
• Isibonisi sinobukhulu obulungile, ukuze umshayeli angadingi ukubhekisisa lokho okukhonjiswa yile divayisi futhi angaphazamisi emgwaqweni;
• Noma umshayeli, ngenxa yezizathu zemvelo, engeke abone umuntu ohamba ngezinyawo noma isilwane esigijimele emgwaqeni, umshini uzosiza ukuvimbela ukushayisana ngokunikeza isithombe esicace bha kunalokho umshayeli ngokwakhe akubonayo;
• Ngenxa yokwethenjwa kocingo, umshayeli ubheka emgwaqeni ngomzamo omncane futhi amehlo akhe awakhathali kangako.

Noma kunjalo, ngisho nohlelo oluthuthuke kakhulu lunezinkinga ezinkulu:

• Izinhlobo eziningi zibona izinto ezimile noma lezo eziya ohlangothini lwethrafikhi. Ngokuqondene nezilwane eziwela umgwaqo, amadivayisi amaningi awaxwayisi umshayeli ngengozi ngesikhathi. Isibonelo, ikhamera ingabona isithiyo emaphethelweni omgwaqo. Ngokuya ngalokhu, umshayeli uzokwenza indlela yokudlula isilwane, esiya ngakuso. Ngenxa yalokhu, ikhamera idlulisa isithombe ngokubambezeleka, umshayeli angayishaya into. Izimo ezinjalo ziyancishiswa kumamodeli abiza kakhulu okwazi ukubona ijubane lokuhamba kwezinto nokudlulisa isithombe kusibonisi ngokushesha.
• Uma lina noma kunenkungu esindayo ngaphandle, le divayisi ayisebenzi, ngoba amaconsi omswakama akhombisa imisebe, ahlanekezela indlela yawo.
• Noma i-monitor itholakala emkhakheni wokubona womshayeli, uzodinga ngasikhathi sinye ukuqapha umgwaqo nesithombe esikrinini. Lokhu kuyawenza ube nzima umsebenzi, okuthi kwezinye izimo kuphazamise ukushayela.

Ngakho-ke, idivaysi yokubuka ebusuku ingenza umsebenzi womshayeli ube lula, kepha kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lokhu kungumsizi we-elekthronikhi kuphela, okungenzeka ukuthi unezinkinga. Umshayeli kuphela ongavimbela izimo ezingalindelekile, ngakho-ke kusadingeka aqaphele ngokweqile ngenkathi imoto ihamba.

Nayi ividiyo emfushane yokuthi uhlelo olunjalo lusebenza kanjani ezimeni zangempela:

Idivayisi yokubuka ebusuku emotweni! ILanmodo Vast1080P

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Idivayisi yokubona ebusuku ibona kanjani? Umsebe wokukhanya (ongabonakali ngeso lomuntu) ubonakala entweni bese ungena kulensi. I-lens igxile ku-converter ye-electro-optical, iyakhuliswa futhi iboniswe esikrinini.