Uhlelo lweTire Pressure Monitoring TPMS

Ukugcina umfutho wesondo ophelele kuthinta ukubamba komgwaqo, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, ukuphatha kanye nokuphepha kukonke ukushayela. Abashayeli abaningi basebenzisa i-gauge yokucindezela ukuhlola ingcindezi, kodwa inqubekelaphambili ayimile futhi izimoto zanamuhla zisebenzisa ngenkuthalo uhlelo lokuqapha ingcindezi yamasondo kagesi ye-TPMS. Isibonelo, eYurophu nase-USA kuyimpoqo kuzo zonke izimoto. E-Russia, ukuba khona kohlelo lwe-TPMS sekuyisidingo esiyisibopho sokuthola isitifiketi sezinhlobo ezintsha zezimoto kusukela ngo-2016.

Luyini uhlelo lwe-TPMS

Isistimu yokuqapha ingcindezi yamathayi i-TPMS (Tire Pressure Monitor System) ingeyokuphepha okusebenzayo kwemoto. Njengezinye izinto eziningi ezintsha, livela embonini yezempi. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukuqapha umfutho wesondo nokunikeza isignali eyisixwayiso kumshayeli uma iwela ngaphansi kwenani lomkhawulo. Kubonakala sengathi ukucindezela kwesondo akuyona ipharamitha ebaluleke kakhulu emotweni, kodwa akunjalo. Okokuqala ukuphepha kokushayela. Isibonelo, uma ingcindezi yesondo ohlangothini ngalunye lwama-axles ihlukile, khona-ke imoto izodonsa ngendlela eyodwa. Emazingeni e-base trim, i-TPMS yaqala ukuvela ngo-2000. Kukhona futhi nezinhlelo zokuqapha ezizimele ezingathengwa futhi zifakwe ngokwehlukana.

Izinhlobo zezinhlelo zokuqapha ingcindezi yamathayi

Ngokuyisisekelo, izinhlelo zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezimbili: eziqondile (eziqondile) nezingaqondile (ngaqondile.

Uhlelo lokulinganisa olungaqondile

Lolu hlelo lubhekwa njengolulula ngokwesimiso sokusebenza futhi lusetshenziswa kusetshenziswa i-ABS. Nquma irediyasi yesondo elihambayo kanye nebanga elihambayo ekujikelezweni okukodwa. Izinzwa ze-ABS ziqhathanisa ukufundwa kwesondo ngalinye. Uma kunezinguquko, isignali ithunyelwa kudeshibhodi yemoto. Umqondo uwukuthi irediyasi nebanga elihanjwa isondo eliphantshile lizohluka kulokho okulilawulayo.

Inzuzo yalolu hlobo lwe-TPMS ukungabikho kwezinto ezengeziwe kanye nezindleko ezifanele. Futhi kusevisi, ungasetha amapharamitha wengcindezi yokuqala lapho ukuchezuka kuzokalwa khona. Okubi wukusebenza okunomkhawulo. Akunakwenzeka ukukala ingcindezi ngaphambi kokuqala kokunyakaza, izinga lokushisa. Ukuchezuka kudatha yangempela kungaba ngu-30%.

Uhlelo lokulinganisa oluqondile

Lolu hlobo lwe-TPMS luyisimanje kakhulu futhi lunembile. Ukucindezela kwesondo ngalinye kukalwa ngenzwa ekhethekile.

Isethi ejwayelekile yohlelo ifaka:

• izinzwa zokucindezela isondo;
• isamukeli sesignali noma i-antenna;
• Isilawuli sokulawula.

Izinzwa zidlulisa isignali mayelana nezinga lokushisa nomfutho wesondo. I-antenna eyamukelayo idlulisela isignali eyunithi yokulawula. Ama-receiver afakwe kuma-wheel arch emoto, isondo ngalinye linezalo.

Ukusebenza kohlelo lwe-TPMS olunabamukeli nangaphandle

Kukhona amasistimu lapho kungekho khona abamukeli besignali, futhi izinzwa zamasondo zixhumana ngqo neyunithi yokulawula. Kulezi zinhlelo, izinzwa kufanele "zibhaliswe" kubhulokhi ukuze iqonde ukuthi yiliphi isondo elinenkinga.

Ulwazi lomshayeli lungaboniswa ngezindlela ezahlukene. Ezinguqulweni ezishibhile, esikhundleni sesibonisi, inkomba iyakhanyisa, ebonisa ukungasebenzi kahle. Njengomthetho, akubonisi ukuthi iyiphi isondo inkinga. Endabeni yokubonisa idatha esikrinini, ungathola ulwazi mayelana nezinga lokushisa nokucindezela kwesondo ngalinye ngokuhlukene.

Ukuboniswa kwe-TPMS kudeshibhodi

Izinzwa zengcindezi nezinhlobo zazo

Izinzwa ziyizingxenye ezibalulekile zesistimu. Lezi izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi. Kuhlanganisa: i-antenna, ibhethri, inzwa yokucindezela kanye nezinga lokushisa ngokwayo. Idivayisi yokulawula enjalo itholakala ezinhlelweni eziphambili kakhulu, kodwa kukhona futhi ezilula.

Inzwa yomfutho wesondo (yangaphakathi)

Ngokuya ngedivayisi nendlela yokufaka, izinzwa ziyahlukaniswa:

• omakhenikha;
• ngaphandle;
• ingaphakathi.

Izinzwa zemishini yizona ezilula futhi ezishibhe kakhulu. Bafaka isivalo esikhundleni sesivalo. Ukucindezela kwesondo kuyisa ikepisi ezingeni elithile. Umbala oluhlaza we-valve yangaphandle ubonisa ukucindezela okuvamile, okuphuzi - ukupompa kuyadingeka, okubomvu - izinga eliphansi. Lawa mageji awabonisi izinombolo eziqondile; futhi ngokuvamile nje zigwegwile. Akunakwenzeka ukucacisa ingcindezi kubo ekuhambeni. Lokhu kungenziwa kuphela ngokubona.

Inzwa yokucindezela kwangaphandle

Izinzwa ze-elekthronikhi zangaphandle nazo zifakwe ku-valve, kodwa zidlulisela isignali eqhubekayo nemvamisa ethile mayelana nesimo sokucindezela kusibonisi, igeji yokucindezela noma i-smartphone. Ububi bayo ukuthambekela ekulimaleni kwemishini ngesikhathi sokunyakaza nokufinyeleleka kwamasela.

Amasensor e-internal electronic pressure afakwa ngaphakathi kwi-disc futhi ahambisana nezingono zamasondo. Konke ukufakwa kwe-electronic, i-antenna nebhethri kufihlwe ngaphakathi kwesiteringi. I-valve evamile ifakwe ngaphandle. Ububi buyinkimbinkimbi yokufaka. Ukuwafaka, udinga ukudaya isondo ngalinye. Ukuphila kwebhethri yenzwa, kokubili kwangaphakathi nangaphandle, ngokuvamile kuthatha iminyaka engu-7-10. Ngemva kwalokho, udinga ukwenza esikhundleni.

Uma unezinzwa zokucindezela isondo ezifakiwe, qiniseka ukuthi utshela oshintsha isondo ngakho. Ezimweni eziningi, bayanqunywa lapho beshintsha irabha.

Izinzuzo zesistimu nokubi

Izinzuzo ezilandelayo zingaqokonyiswa:

1. Khulisa izinga lokuphepha. Lokhu kungenye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko nezibalulekile zesistimu. Ngosizo lwe-TPMS, umshayeli angakwazi ukubona ukungasebenzi kahle kwengcindezi ngesikhathi, ngaleyo ndlela agweme ukuwohloka okungenzeka nezingozi.

1. Ukulondolozwa. Ukufaka uhlelo kuzodinga imali ethile, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuyafaneleka. Ukucindezela okukhulu kuzosiza ukusebenzisa uphethiloli ngokunengqondo. Iphinde ikhulise impilo yamasondo.

Ngokuya ngohlobo lwesistimu, inobubi obuthile:

1. Ukuchayeka ebugebengwini. Uma izinzwa zangaphakathi zingeke zebiwe, khona-ke izinzwa zangaphandle zivame ukugwegwile. Ukunakwa kwezakhamizi ezinganakekeli nakho kungakhangwa isikrini esengeziwe ekhabetheni.
2. Ukungasebenzi kahle namaphutha. Izimoto ezifika zivela eYurophu nase-US zivame ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwamasondo ukuze zonge isikhala. Uma ufaka amasondo, kungase kudingeke ukulinganisa izinzwa. Kungenziwa, kodwa ulwazi oluthile lungase ludingeke. Izinzwa zangaphandle zivezwa endaweni yangaphandle kanye nokulimala kwemishini, okungaholela ekuhlulekeni kwazo.
3. Isikrini esengeziwe (esinokuzifakela). Njengomthetho, izimoto ezibizayo ekuqaleni zifakwe uhlelo lokulawula ingcindezi. Lonke ulwazi luboniswa kalula esikrinini sekhompyutha esisebhodini. Amasistimu azifakela wona anesikrini esihlukile, esibukeka sixakile ekhabetheni. Okunye, faka imojula ye-TPMS kusilayidi sikagwayi. Ngendawo yokupaka ende futhi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, ungavele ususe.

Ukuboniswa kwangaphandle kwesistimu yokulawula ingcindezi

Ukungasebenzi kahle okungenzeka kwe-TPMS

Izizathu eziyinhloko zokungasebenzi kahle kwezinzwa ze-TPMS kungaba:

• ukungasebenzi kahle kweyunithi yokulawula kanye ne-transmitter;
• ibhethri yenzwa ephansi;
• ukulimala komshini;
• ukufaka esikhundleni esiphuthumayo isondo noma amasondo angenazo izinzwa.

Futhi, lapho ufaka enye yezinzwa ezakhelwe ngaphakathi esikhundleni, isistimu ingase ingqubuzane futhi inikeze isignali yephutha. EYurophu, imvamisa yomsakazo ejwayelekile yezinzwa ingu-433 MHz, kanti e-US ingu-315 MHz.

Uma enye yezinzwa ingasebenzi, ukuhlela kabusha isistimu kungasiza. Izinga lokucupha lenzwa engasebenzi lisethelwe kuqanda. Lokhu akutholakali kuwo wonke amasistimu.

Izinkomba zokungasebenzi kahle kwe-TPMS

Uhlelo lwe-TPMS lungabonisa izinkomba ezimbili zamaphutha kuphaneli yezinsimbi: igama elithi "TPMS" kanye "nesondo elinephuzu lesibabazo". Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda ukuthi esimweni sokuqala, ukungasebenzi kahle kuhlotshaniswa nokusebenza kwesistimu ngokwayo (iyunithi yokulawula, izinzwa), kanti okwesibili ingcindezi yesondo (izinga elinganele).

Kumasistimu athuthukile, isilawuli ngasinye sinekhodi yaso ehlukile yokuhlonza. Njengomthetho, ziza ekucushweni kwefekthri. Lapho ulinganisa, kuyadingeka ukulandela ukulandelana okuthile, isibonelo, ngaphambili kwesokunxele nakwesokudla, bese emuva kwesokudla nakwesokunxele. Kungaba nzima ukusetha izinzwa ezinjalo ngokwakho futhi kungcono ukuphendukela kochwepheshe.