Indima yefeni ekupholiseni okuwuketshezi

Ukudluliswa kokushisa okukhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwemoto emkhathini kudinga ukushaywa njalo kwe-radiator yesistimu yokupholisa. Ukuqina kokugeleza komoya okunesivinini esikhulu okuzayo akwanele ngaso sonke isikhathi kulokhu. Ngesivinini esiphansi kanye nokuma okugcwele, ifeni yokupholisa eklanywe ngokukhethekile iyangena.

Umdwebo ohleliwe womjovo womoya kurediyetha

Kungenzeka ukuqinisekisa ukudlula kwezixuku zomoya ngesakhiwo sezinyosi se-radiator ngezindlela ezimbili - ukuphoqa umoya eduze nokuqondisa kokugeleza kwemvelo okuvela ngaphandle noma ukudala i-vacuum ngaphakathi. Awukho umehluko oyisisekelo, ikakhulukazi uma kusetshenziswa uhlelo lwezivikelo zomoya - ama-diffusers. Banikeza isilinganiso esincane sokugeleza kwezinxushunxushu ezingenamsebenzi ezizungeze ama-fan blades.

Ngakho-ke, kunezinketho ezimbili ezijwayelekile zokuhlela ukuvuthela. Esimweni sokuqala, ifeni itholakala enjinini noma kuhlaka lwerediyetha endaweni yenjini futhi idala ukugeleza kwengcindezi eya enjinini, ithatha umoya ngaphandle futhi iwudlulise kurediyetha. Ukuze uvimbele ama-blade ukuthi angasebenzi kahle, isikhala phakathi kwe-radiator kanye ne-impeller sivalwe ngokuqinile ngangokunokwenzeka ngepulasitiki noma i-diffuser yensimbi. Ukwakheka kwayo futhi kukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwendawo ephezulu yezinyosi, njengoba ububanzi befeni ngokuvamile buncane kakhulu kunobukhulu bejometri be-heatsink.

Lapho i-impeller itholakala ohlangothini lwangaphambili, i-fan drive ingenzeka kuphela kusuka ku-motor kagesi, ngoba i-radiator core ivimbela ukuxhumana kwemishini nenjini. Kuzo zombili izimo, umumo okhethiwe wosinki wokushisa nokusebenza kahle kokupholisa okudingekayo kungase kuphoqe ukusetshenziswa kwefeni eliphindwe kabili enama-impeller amancane. Le ndlela ivame ukuhambisana nenkimbinkimbi ye-algorithm yokusebenza, abalandeli bayakwazi ukushintshwa ngokwehlukana, ukulungisa ukushuba kokugeleza komoya kuye ngomthwalo kanye nezinga lokushisa.

I-fan impeller ngokwayo ingaba nomklamo oyinkimbinkimbi futhi we-aerodynamic. Inenombolo yezidingo:

• inombolo, ukwakheka, iphrofayili kanye nokuphakama kwama-blades kufanele kuqinisekise ukulahlekelwa okuncane ngaphandle kokwethula izindleko ezengeziwe zamandla okugaya okungenamsebenzi womoya;
• kuhlu olunikeziwe lwezivinini zokujikeleza, i-flow stall ayifakiwe, ngaphandle kwalokho ukwehla kokusebenza kahle kuzothinta umbuso wokushisa;
• I-fan kufanele ilinganisele futhi ingadali kokubili ukudlidliza komshini kanye ne-aerodynamic okungalayisha ama-bearings nezingxenye zenjini eziseduze, ikakhulukazi izakhiwo ze-radiator ezincane;
• umsindo we-impeller uphinde uncishiswe ngokuhambisana nomkhuba ojwayelekile wokunciphisa isizinda se-acoustic esikhiqizwa izimoto.

Uma siqhathanisa abalandeli bezimoto zanamuhla nophephela bakudala eminyakeni engu-XNUMX edlule, khona-ke singaqaphela ukuthi isayensi isebenze ngemininingwane esobala kangako. Lokhu kungabonakala ngisho nangaphandle, futhi ngesikhathi sokusebenza, umlandeli omuhle cishe udala ngokuthula umfutho womoya onamandla ngokungalindelekile.

Izinhlobo zamadrayivu abalandeli

Ukudala ukugeleza komoya okunamandla kudinga inani elibalulekile lamandla okushayela abalandeli. Amandla alokhu angathathwa enjinini ngezindlela ezahlukene.

Ukuzungeza okuqhubekayo kusuka ku-pulley

Emiklamo yokuqala elula, i-fan impeller yayivele ifakwe ku-pulley yebhande le-pulley yamanzi. Ukusebenza kwakuhlinzekwa ububanzi obumangalisayo bomjikelezo wama-blades, okwakungamapuleti ensimbi agobile nje. Zazingekho izidingo zomsindo, injini endala eseduze yayivala yonke imisindo.

Ijubane lokuzungezisa lalilingana ngokuqondile nokuphenduka kwe-crankshaft. Isici esithile sokulawula izinga lokushisa sasikhona, ngoba ngokukhuphuka komthwalo enjini, futhi ngenxa yalokho ijubane layo, fan nayo yaqala ukushayela umoya nge-radiator ngokujulile. Ama-Deflector ayengavamile ukufakwa, yonke into yayinxeshezelwa ngama-radiator amakhulu kanye nevolumu enkulu yamanzi okupholisa. Kodwa-ke, umqondo wokushisa ngokweqile wawaziwa kahle kubashayeli bangaleso sikhathi, okuyinani lokukhokha ukuze kube lula nokuntula umcabango.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-viscous

Amasistimu okuqala abe nokubi okuningana:

• ukupholisa okungalungile ngesivinini esiphansi ngenxa yejubane eliphansi lokushayela okuqondile;
• ngokukhuphuka kosayizi we-impeller kanye nokushintsha kwesilinganiso segiya ukwandisa ukugeleza komoya ngokungenzi lutho, i-motor yaqala ukukhuphuka ngesivinini esikhulayo, futhi ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kokujikeleza okungenangqondo kwe-propeller kufinyelele inani elibalulekile;
• ngenkathi injini ifudumala, isiphephetha-moya saqhubeka nokupholisa ngenkani indawo yenjini, senza okuphambene nalokho.

Kube sobala ukuthi ukwanda okwengeziwe kokusebenza kahle kwenjini namandla kuzodinga ukulawula isivinini sabalandeli. Inkinga yaxazululwa ngokwezinga elithile ngomshini owaziwa ngobuciko ngokuthi i-viscous coupling. Kodwa lapha kufanele kuhlelwe ngendlela ekhethekile.

I-fan clutch, uma siyicabanga ngendlela elula futhi ngaphandle kokucabangela izinguqulo ezihlukahlukene, iqukethe ama-disks amabili angenalutho, phakathi kwawo okubizwa ngokuthi i-non-Newtonian fluid, okungukuthi, uwoyela we-silicone, oshintsha i-viscosity kuye ngokuthi isivinini sokunyakaza esihlobene sezendlalelo zayo. Kuze kufike ekuxhumekeni okungathi sína phakathi kwamadiski ngejeli ye-viscous lapho izophenduka khona. Kusele kuphela ukubeka i-valve ezwela ukushisa lapho, ezohlinzeka lolu ketshezi esikhaleni ngokunyuka kwezinga lokushisa lenjini. Umklamo ophumelele kakhulu, ngeshwa, awuthembekile njalo futhi uhlala isikhathi eside. Kodwa ngokuvamile esetshenziswa.

I-rotor yayixhunywe ku-pulley ejikelezayo kusukela ku-crankshaft, futhi i-impeller yafakwa ku-stator. Emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kanye nesivinini esikhulu, umlandeli ukhiqize ukusebenza okuphezulu, okudingekayo. Ngaphandle kokukhipha amandla engeziwe lapho ukugeleza komoya kungadingeki.

I-Clutch Magnetic

Ukuze ungahlupheki ngamakhemikhali ekuhlanganiseni okungahlali ezinzile futhi ezinzile, isisombululo esiqondakalayo esivela endaweni yokubuka yobunjiniyela kagesi sivame ukusetshenziswa. I-electromagnetic clutch iqukethe amadiski okungqubuzana axhumene futhi adlulise ngokuzungezisayo ngaphansi kwesenzo samanje esinikezwe uzibuthe kagesi. I-current yavela ku-control relay, evala ngenzwa yokushisa, ngokuvamile efakwe ku-radiator. Ngokushesha lapho kunqunywa ukugeleza komoya okwanele, okungukuthi, uketshezi oluku-radiator lushisa ngokweqile, othintana nabo bavaliwe, i-clutch yasebenza, futhi i-impeller yaphotha ngebhande elifanayo ngokusebenzisa ama-pulleys. Indlela ivame ukusetshenziswa emalolini asindayo anabalandeli abanamandla.

idrayivu kagesi eqondile

Ngokuvamile, i-fan ene-impeller efakwe ngokuqondile ku-motor shaft isetshenziswa ezimotweni zabagibeli. Ukunikezwa kwamandla kwalesi motor kunikezwa ngendlela efanayo nasesimweni esichazwe nge-clutch kagesi, kuphela i-V-belt drive ene-pulleys ayidingeki lapha. Uma kunesidingo, i-motor kagesi idala ukugeleza komoya, ivale ekushiseni okujwayelekile. Le ndlela yaqalwa ngokufika kwamamotho kagesi acwebile futhi anamandla.

Ikhwalithi elula yedrayivu enjalo yikhono lokusebenza nenjini emisiwe. Amasistimu okupholisa anamuhla alayishwa kakhulu, futhi uma ukugeleza komoya kuma kungazelelwe, futhi iphampu ingasebenzi, khona-ke ukushisa kwendawo kungenzeka ezindaweni ezinokushisa okuphezulu. Noma ukubilisa uphethiloli ohlelweni lukaphethiloli. Ifeni ingase isebenze isikhashana ngemva kokuma ukuze ivimbele izinkinga.

Izinkinga, ukungasebenzi kahle kanye nokulungisa

Ukuvula ifeni kakade kungase kubhekwe njengemodi ephuthumayo, njengoba kungeyona ifeni elawula izinga lokushisa, kodwa i-thermostat. Ngakho-ke, uhlelo lokugeleza komoya oluphoqelelwe lwenziwa ngokwethembeka kakhulu, futhi aluvamile ukwehluleka. Kodwa uma i-fan ingavuli futhi i-motor ibilisa, khona-ke izingxenye ezisengozini enkulu yokwehluleka kufanele zihlolwe:

• ekushayeleni ibhande, ibhande lingase likhululeke futhi lishelele, kanye nokuphuka kwalo okuphelele, konke lokhu kulula ukunquma ngokubonakalayo;
• indlela yokuhlola ukuhlangana kwe-viscous ayilula kangako, kepha uma ishelela kakhulu enjinini eshisayo, khona-ke lokhu kuwuphawu lokushintshwa;
• amadrayivu ka-electromagnetic, kokubili i-clutch kanye ne-motor kagesi, ahlolwa ngokuvala inzwa, noma kumotho yomjovo, ngokukhipha isixhumi kunzwa yokushisa yesistimu yokulawula injini, ifeni kufanele iqale ukuzungezisa.

I-fan enephutha ingabhubhisa injini, ngoba ukushisa ngokweqile kugcwele ukulungiswa okukhulu. Ngakho-ke, akunakwenzeka ukushayela ngeziphambeko ezinjalo ngisho nasebusika. Izingxenye ezihlulekile kufanele zishintshwe ngokushesha, futhi izingxenye ezisele kuphela ezivela kumkhiqizi onokwethenjelwa okufanele zisetshenziswe. Intengo yenkinga injini, uma iqhutshwa izinga lokushisa, khona-ke ukulungiswa kungase kungasiza. Ngokumelene nalesi sizinda, izindleko zenzwa noma i-motor kagesi azinakwa.