Izincomo Zokuxuba I-Antifrize

Isidingo sokugcwalisa izinga le-fluid ohlelweni lokupholisa injini senzeka kaningi, futhi, njengomthetho, kulabo bashayeli abaqapha imoto futhi ngezikhathi ezithile babheke ngaphansi kwe-hood ukuze bahlole izinga likawoyela, i-brake fluid futhi babheke ithangi lokunweba. eyodwa.

Izitolo zezimoto zinikeza izinhlobonhlobo eziningi ze-antifreeze ezivela kubakhiqizi abahlukene, imibala kanye nemikhiqizo. Iyiphi ongayithenga "yokugcwalisa", uma kungekho ulwazi mayelana nento ethelwe ohlelweni ngaphambili? Ingabe i-antifreeze ingaxutshwa? Sizozama ukuphendula lo mbuzo ngokuningiliziwe.

Yini i-antifreeze

I-Automotive Antifreeze iwuketshezi olungashisi umnkantsha oluzungeza ohlelweni lokupholisa futhi luvikele injini ekushiseni ngokweqile.

Wonke ama-antifreeze ayingxube ye-glycol compounds namanzi kanye nezithasiselo ze-inhibitor ezinikeza i-antifreeze anti-corrosion, anti-cavitation kanye nezakhiwo zokulwa negwebu. Ngezinye izikhathi izithasiselo ziqukethe ingxenye ye-fluorescent eyenza kube lula ukuthola ukuvuza.

Ama-antifreeze amaningi anamanzi angama-35 kuye kwangama-50% futhi abilisa ngo-110⁰C. Kulokhu, ama-vapor locks avela ohlelweni lokupholisa, okunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kwawo futhi okuholela ekushiseni ngokweqile kwenjini.

Enjinini egijima efudumele, ingcindezi kusistimu yokupholisa esebenzayo iphakeme kakhulu kunomfutho womkhathi, ngakho-ke indawo yokubila iyakhuphuka.

Abakhiqizi bezimoto emazweni ahlukene basungule izinketho eziningi zokwenza i-antifreeze formulations.

Imakethe yesimanje iholwa ukucaciswa kweVolkswagen. Ngokusho kokucaciswa kwe-VW, ama-antifreeze ahlukaniswe izigaba ezinhlanu - G11, G12, G12 +, G12 ++, G13.

Amagama anjalo azenzele wona emakethe futhi akhonjiswe emiyalweni yezimoto.

Incazelo emfushane yamakilasi okupholisa

Ngakho-ke, incazelo ye-coolant ngokuya ngemininingwane ye-VW:

• G11. Izipholisa zendabuko ezenziwe nge-ethylene glycol namanzi, ezinezithasiselo ze-silicate. Inobuthi. Umbala oluhlaza noma oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
• G12. Izipholisa ze-Carboxylate ezisekelwe ku-ethylene glycol noma i-monoethylene glycol ezinezithasiselo eziphilayo ezishintshayo. Baye bathuthukisa izakhiwo zokudlulisa ukushisa. Uketshezi olubomvu. Inobuthi.
• G12+. Ama-coolants ayi-Hybrid anezithako ze-organic (carboxylate) kanye ne-inorganic (silicate, acid). Hlanganisa izimfanelo ezinhle zazo zombili izinhlobo zezithasiselo. Inobuthi. Umbala - obomvu.
• G12++. Ama-coolants ayi-hybrid. Isisekelo yi-ethylene glycol (monoethylene glycol) enezithako ze-organic kanye namaminerali. Ivikela ngokuphumelelayo izingxenye zesistimu yokupholisa kanye nebhulokhi yenjini. Uketshezi olubomvu. Inobuthi.
• G13. Isizukulwane esisha se-antifreeze esibizwa ngokuthi "lobrid". Ingxube yamanzi kanye ne-propylene glycol engenabungozi, ngezinye izikhathi ngokungezwa kwe-glycerin. Iqukethe inkimbinkimbi yezithako ze-carboxylate. Ihambisana nemvelo. Umbala obomvu, obomvu-violet.

Ingabe kuvunyelwe ukuxuba ama-coolants emibala ehlukene

Umbala we-antifreeze awuvumeli ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi unikezwe isigaba esithile. Inhloso eyinhloko kadayi ukwenza lula ukusesha ukuvuza nokunquma izinga lokupholisa ithangi. Imibala ekhanyayo iphinde ixwayise ngezingozi "zokungenisa". Abakhiqizi abaningi baqondiswa izindinganiso zokumaketha, kodwa akukho lutho olubavimbelayo ekupendeni into epholile ngombala ongavamile.

Ukunquma isigaba sokupholisa ngombala wesampula ethathwe kusistimu yokupholisa akuthembeki ngokuphelele. Ngemva kokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwezipholile, odayi bazo bayabola futhi bangase bashintshe umbala. Kuphephe kakhudlwana ukugxila emiyalweni yomkhiqizi noma okufakwe encwadini yesevisi.

Inkosi eqotho eyenze umsebenzi wokulungisa ibuyisela i-antifreeze nakanjani izonamathisela ipheshana ethangini elibonisa uhlobo nesigaba soketshezi alugcwalise.

Ngokuzethemba, ungaxuba uketshezi "oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka" kanye "noluhlaza" lwekilasi G11, oluhlanganisa i-Tosol yasekhaya. Izilinganiso zamanzi ne-ethylene glycol zizoshintsha, kanjalo nezakhiwo ze-coolant ngokwayo, kodwa ngeke kube khona ukuwohloka okusheshayo ekusebenzeni kwesistimu yokupholisa.

Lapho kuxutshwa amakilasi e-G11 ne-G12, ngenxa yokusebenzisana kwezithasiselo, ama-acids nama-insoluble compounds akhiwa akhuphuka. Ama-asidi anolaka kumapayipi enjoloba nawe-polymer, amapayipi nezinti, futhi udaka luzovala amashaneli ekhanda lebhulokhi, irediyetha yesitofu futhi igcwalise ithangi elingezansi lerediyetha yokupholisa injini. Ukujikeleza okupholile kuzophazamiseka nayo yonke imiphumela emibi.

Kuyafaneleka ukukhumbula ukuthi ama-coolants ekilasi le-G11, okuhlanganisa i-Tosol yomdabu yawo wonke ama-brand, athuthukiswa ngezinjini ezine-cast-iron cylinder block, i-copper noma i-radiator yethusi. Enjinini yesimanje, enama-radiator ne-aluminium alloy block, uketshezi “oluhlaza” lungalimaza kuphela.

Izingxenye ze-antifreeze zijwayele ukuhwamuka kwemvelo futhi ziyabilisa lapho injini isebenza ngaphansi kwemithwalo esindayo isikhathi eside noma ngesivinini esikhulu ohambweni olude. Umphumela wamanzi kanye nomhwamuko we-ethylene glycol ngaphansi kwengcindezi ohlelweni uphuma ngevalvu "ephefumulayo" eyisigqoko sethangi lokunweba.

Uma "ukugcwalisa" kudingekile, kungcono ukusebenzisa uketshezi hhayi kuphela kwekilasi oyifunayo, kodwa futhi nomkhiqizi ofanayo.

Ezimweni ezibucayi, lapho izinga lokupholisa liwele ngaphansi kwezinga elivumelekile, isibonelo, ohambweni olude, ungasebenzisa "i-hack yokuphila" yezizukulwane ezedlule futhi ugcwalise uhlelo ngamanzi ahlanzekile. Amanzi, anamandla okushisa aphezulu kanye ne-viscosity ephansi, angaba isipholile esihle kakhulu uma engabangeli ukugqwala kwezinsimbi. Ngemva kokwengeza amanzi, qhubeka uhamba, ubheka izinga lokushisa kaningi kunokuvamile futhi ugweme ukuma okuneqhwa.

Lapho uthela amanzi ohlelweni lokupholisa, noma i-antifreeze “ebomvu” yemvelaphi engabazekayo ethengwe endaweni yokudayisa eseceleni komgwaqo, khumbula ukuthi ekupheleni kohambo kuzodingeka ushintshe into epholile, ngokugezwa okuyisibopho kwesistimu yokupholisa.

Ukuhambisana kwe-Antifrize

Amathuba okuxuba ama-antifreeze amakilasi ahlukene kukhonjisiwe etafuleni.

Amakilasi G11 kanye ne-G12 awakwazi ukuxutshwa, asebenzisa amaphakheji okungeza angqubuzanayo; Kulula ukukhumbula:

• I-G13 ne-G12++, equkethe izithasiselo zohlobo oluxubile, zihambisana nanoma imaphi amanye amakilasi.

Ngemuva kokuxuba uketshezi olungahambelani, kuyadingeka ukusula isistimu yokupholisa bese ubuyisela into epholisayo esikhundleni saleyo enconyiwe.

Ungahlola kanjani ukuhambisana

I-antifreeze yokuzihlola ukuthi iyahambisana yini ilula futhi ayidingi izindlela ezikhethekile.

Thatha amasampula - alingana ngevolumu - oketshezi ohlelweni kanye nalolo onqume ukuyengeza. Hlanganisa endishini ecacile bese ubheka isisombululo. Ukuqinisekisa ucwaningo, ingxube ingashisisa ibe ngu-80-90°C. Uma ngemva kwemizuzu engu-5-10 umbala wangempela waqala ukushintsha ube nsundu, ukubonakala kwehle, kuvela igwebu noma inzika, umphumela uba mubi, uketshezi aluhambisani.

Ukuxuba nokwengeza i-antifreeze kumele kuqondiswe yiziqondiso ezikubhukwana, kusetshenziswa amakilasi anconyiwe kanye nemikhiqizo kuphela.

Ukugxila kuphela kumbala weziphuzo akufanele. Ukukhathazeka okwaziwayo i-BASF, isibonelo, ikhiqiza imikhiqizo yayo eminingi ngombala ophuzi, futhi umbala woketshezi lwaseJapane ubonisa ukumelana nesithwathwa.