I-Renault 4. Iveni yaseFrance yomlando

Ngo-Okthoba 4, 1961, i-Casa della Losanga yethulwa embukisweni wezimoto waseParis. I-Renault 4, enye yezimoto ezingaba ngenye yezimoto ezithengiswa kakhulu emhlabeni ngemuva kweBeetle neFord T. La R4 ozalwa ngentando Pierre Dreyfus ukulwa nempumelelo ye-2CV Citroen nokufaka esikhundleni I-4CV (manje esohlwini iminyaka eyishumi futhi ayisahambisani nezikhathi), kodwa isiphelelwe yisikhathi Dofinuaz (inguqulo yenqola yesiteshi I-Juvaquatre ngaphambi kwempi). Ucwaningo ngeProject 112 lwaqala ngo-1956. 

Izidingo ze-R4

Ngamafuphi, iRenault encane entsha bekufanele kube imoto encane, imoto yabesifazane, iveni elisebenzayo lokulayisha nokuthulula izimpahla kanye nangesikhathi samahhala.

Isici esiyinhloko semodeli: flooring lapho umzimba wawungashintshwa kalula, uphendule i-sedan ibe imoto yokuhweba, futhii-architecture yemishini ehamba phambili, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukushiya izikhala ezinkulu zamahhala ku-cabin kanye ne-trunk.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi kwemikhawulo yabaklami: inani lokugcina akumele lidlule ama-franc ayizinkulungwane ezingama-350, lula ukugcinwa nokuthembeka kunoma yiziphi izimo zezulu.

Ngakho-ke, onjiniyela baseFrance bakhethe ukunciphisa izindleko. ingaphakathi le-spartan kakhulu, NE ukusonga emuva ibhentshi ijike imoto ingene evenini. Indawo yezimpahla engemuva ibingenwa ngobubanzi "Umnyango ongemuva". 

Ukucaciswa 

La inhloso ye-R4 yokuqala yayibheke phambili, owokuqala e-Losanga ukuthi ubehlale enamamodeli axhumanisa angemuva ohlwini, ngenkathi Injini engu-4-cylinder kanye no-gearbox athathwe ngqo ku-4CV kanye noDauphine. Lokhu kukhetha kwanqunywa isidingo sokuqukatha izindleko zokukhiqiza, noma ngabe kubonakala kuphelelwe yisikhathi.

I-Furgonetta R4, inguqulo esebenzayo

IRenault 4 yokuqala embukisweni wezimoto iParis ngo-1961 yethulwa ngo-XNUMX amandla amathathu kanye nezinketho zokuqeda, kodwa inketho yokuhweba uzofika ezinyangeni ezimbalwa.

La R4 iveni, ihlukaniswe ngokuthi uhlobo R2102, inikeze umthwalo okhokhelwayo we-300 kg nezici ezifanayo nemoto, kodwa ngamathayi abanzi. Kushaye ucingo Indlulamithi, ngenhla komnyango ongemuva.

Ukuhlelwa kabusha nokuthuthukiswa kwenguqulo yeveni

Ngo-1966, ukulungiswa kokuqala kwenzeka: imodeli uhlobo R2105 kulethe njenge-dowry ukukhuphuka komthwalo okhokhelwayo, ongaphezu kwama-350 kg, uhla lwamamodeli lwamaveni lwagcwaliswa ngemodeli enamandla angama-5 hp, uhlobo R2106.

Ngo-71, kwavela inguqulo entsha enenjini engu-845 cc. uphahla lwepulasitiki oluphakanyisiwe futhi ithwala amandla afinyelela ku-400 kg. Ngo-'75, amasentimitha angu-8 ubude angeziwe futhi umthwalo okhokhelwayo wanda waba ngu-440 kg kuye ngokuthi "iveni elide" noma "inguqulo yekhefu elide".

I amafasitela asemaceleni amaveni acwebezelayo aqala ukushibilika ngo-1978, lapho enye yawo yethulwa. inguqulo yokulanda... 1982: Amaveni ka-R4 angashintshwa abe I-LPG futhi injini engu-782cc yadedela enye yama-845s. 

Ukuphela kwenganekwane

I-Renault 4 ayizange ikhiqizwe eFrance kuphela, njengoba umklamo wayo wakhulelwa njenge imoto yomhlaba okungukuthi, imoto eyayizothatha umhlaba wonke. Bephelele Amazwe angama-27 lapho kwakhiqizwa khona u-R4Eziningi kangangokuthi eziyisithupha kweziyishumi zathengiswa phesheya kanti ezinhlanu kweziyishumi zakhiwe phesheya kwezilwandle.

Umthetho ekupheleni kweRenault 4 kwaba wukuqala ukusebenza I-Euro 1 ejwayelekile (1993), kwase kungenakunzima ukwenza izinguquko ezibalulekile, njengomjovo we-elekthronikhi kanye ne-catalytic converter: ekupheleni kukaDisemba 1992, isampula yokugcina yaphuma emigqeni yomhlangano.