Zenzele ngokwakho ukuqala kabusha i-VAZ 2106
Okuqukethwe
Isiqalisi - idivayisi eklanyelwe ukuqala injini. Ukuhluleka kwayo kungadala izinkinga kumnikazi wemoto. Nokho, ukuxilonga ukungasebenzi futhi ngokuzimela ukulungisa Vaz 2106 ukuziqalela kulula kakhulu.
Idivayisi kanye nezici zobuchwepheshe ze-VAZ 2106 yokuqalisa
Ku-VAZ 2106, umenzi ufake izinhlobo ezimbili zokuqalisa ezishintshayo - ST-221 no-35.3708. Zihluke kancane komunye nomunye ngokuklama kanye nemingcele yezobuchwepheshe.
Izici zobuchwepheshe zokuqalisa i-VAZ 2106
Kuze kube maphakathi nawo-80s ekhulwini elidlule, umenzi ufake isiqalo ST-221 kuzo zonke izimoto zakudala Vaz. Khona-ke idivayisi yokuqalisa yathathelwa indawo imodeli 35.3708, eyayihluke kumanduleli ayo ekwakhiweni komqoqi kanye nokuqiniswa kwekhava emzimbeni. Izici zayo zobuchwepheshe nazo zishintshile kancane.
Ithebula: imingcele eyinhloko yokuqala Vaz 2106
| Uhlobo lwesiqalisi | I-ST-221 | 35.3708 |
| Amandla alinganiselwe, kW | 1,3 | 1,3 |
| Ukusetshenziswa kwamanje kokungenzi lutho, A | 35 | 60 |
| Kusetshenziswa i-current esimweni sokubhuleka, u-A | 500 | 550 |
| Isetshenziswa amandla alinganiselwe, A | 260 | 290 |
Idivayisi yokuqalisa i-VAZ 2106
I-Starter 35.3708 iqukethe izici ezilandelayo:
- i-stator (icala eline-excitation windings);
- i-rotor (i-drive shaft);
- ikhava yangaphambili (uhlangothi lokushayela);
- ikhava yangemuva (ehlangothini lomqoqi);
- i-traction electromagnetic relay.
Zombili izembozo kanye nendlu yokuqalisa zixhunywe ngamabhawodi amabili. I-stator yezigxobo ezine inama-windings amane, amathathu awo axhunywe ku-rotor ojikelezayo ochungechungeni, kanti okwesine ngokuhambisana.
I-rotor iqukethe:
- drive shaft;
- i-core windings;
- ibhulashi umqoqi.
Izihlahla ezimbili ze-ceramic-metal ezicindezelwe ngaphambili nangemuva zisebenza njengama-shaft bearings. Ukuze kuncishiswe ukungqubuzana, lezi zihlahlana zifakwe amafutha akhethekile.
Kufakwe idrayivu kukhava yangaphambili yesiqalisi, ehlanganisa igiya nesondo lamahhala. Eyakamuva idlulisa i-torque isuka ku-shaft iye ku-flywheel uma injini iqalwa, okungukuthi, ixhuma futhi inqamule i-shaft kanye ne-flywheel Crown.
I-traction relay nayo itholakala kukhava yangaphambili. Iqukethe:
- izindlu;
- umnyombo;
- ama-windings;
- amabhawodi okuxhumana amandla anikezwa ngawo.
Lapho i-voltage isetshenziswa kusiqalisi, umgogodla uhoxiswa ngaphansi kwesenzo sensimu kazibuthe bese uhambisa i-lever, yona, ehambisa shaft ngegiya lokushayela ize ihlangane nomqhele we-flywheel. Lokhu kuvala amabhawodi okuxhumana esiqalisi, kunikeze amanje kuma-windings e-stator.
Ividiyo: umgomo wokusebenza kokuqala kwe-VAZ 2106
Isiqalisi segiya
Naphezu kwamandla aphansi, i-VAZ 2106 yokuqala evamile yenza umsebenzi wayo kahle. Kodwa-ke, imvamisa iguqulwa ibe i-analog yegiya, ehlukile kweyakudala lapho kukhona i-gearbox, okwandisa kakhulu amandla edivayisi. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uqale injini ngisho nebhethri elilahliwe. Ngakho-ke, isiqalisi esilungiselelwe amamodeli e-VAZ yakudala akhiqizwe yi-Atek TM (eBelarus) inamandla alinganiselwe angu-1,74 kW futhi iyakwazi ukuphotha i-crankshaft ifike ku-135 rpm (imvamisa i-40-60 rpm yanele ukuqala iyunithi yamandla). Le divayisi isebenza ngisho nalapho ibhethri lishajwa kufika ku-40%.
Ividiyo: isiqalisi segiya i-VAZ 2106
Ukukhetha isiqalisi se-VAZ 2106
Idivayisi yokufaka i-starter yamamodeli we-VAZ yakudala ayikuvumeli ukuthi ufake idivaysi yokuqala ku-VAZ 2106 kusuka kwenye imoto yasekhaya noma imoto yangaphandle. Ukuzijwayeza abaqalayo abanjalo kunzima kakhulu futhi kuyabiza (okuhlukile kuyisiqalo esivela ku-VAZ 2121 Niva). Ngakho-ke, kungcono futhi kulula ukuthenga idivayisi entsha yokuqala. I-stock starter ye-VAZ 2106 ibiza ama-ruble angu-1600-1800, kanti isiqalisi segiya sibiza ama-ruble angu-500 ngaphezulu.
Kubakhiqizi, kunconywa ukuthi unikeze okuthandwayo kumikhiqizo esungulwe kahle:
- I-Electromash (Kherson, Ukraine);
- I-KZATE (Samara, Russia);
- "Atek" (Vitebsk, Belarus).
Ukuxilongwa kokungasebenzi kahle kwe-VAZ 2106 yokuqala
Konke ukungasebenzi kahle kokuqala kungahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili:
- kagesi (ukwehluleka kwezici conductive);
- mechanical (ukugqokwa kwezingxenye zokushayela).
Ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okulungile kwe-starter, umnikazi wemoto udinga ukwazi izimpawu ezihambisana nokungasebenzi okuthile.
Izimpawu Zokungasebenzi Kwe-Starter
Izimpawu eziyinhloko zokwehluleka kokuqala zihlanganisa:
- lapho ukhiye wokuthungela uphendulwa, isiqalisi kanye ne-traction relay azibonisi zimpawu zokuphila;
- i-traction relay ikhipha ukuchofoza njalo;
- i-relay ye-traction iyasebenza ekuqaleni, kodwa i-rotor ijikeleza kancane kakhulu;
- lapho ukhiye wokuthungela uphendulwa, kuzwakala umsindo oklabalasayo ohlangothini lokuqala;
- kunomsindo ovela ohlangothini lokuqala lapho uqala.
Izinkinga zokuqalisa ezivamile
Uphawu ngalunye lokungasebenzi kahle lunezimbangela zalo.
Uma uqala, i-starter ne-traction relay ayisebenzi
Izizathu zokuthi isiqalisi singaphenduli ekuphenduleni ukhiye wokushisa kungaba:
- ukukhishwa okuphelele noma cishe okuphelele kwebhethri;
- i-oxidation yoxhumana nabo bebhethri;
- ukuntuleka kokuxhumana phakathi kwamatheminali ebhethri namathiphu ezintambo zamandla;
- ukuntuleka kokuxhumana phakathi kwephuzu locingo kanye nokuphuma "50" ku-relay traction;
- ukungasebenzi kahle kweqembu lokuxhumana lokuthungela;
- ukuphuka kwentambo yokulawula ukusuka kuswishi yokuthungela ukuya ku-relay yokudonsa.
Esimweni esinjalo, okokuqala, udinga ukuhlola ibhethri nge-multimeter - i-voltage kumatheminali ayo akufanele ibe ngaphansi kuka-11 V. Uma kungenjalo, kufanele ukhokhise ibhethri futhi uqhubeke nokuxilongwa.
Bese uhlola isimo samatheminali ebhethri nokuthembeka kokuxhumana kwawo namathiphu ezintambo zamandla. Esimeni lapho ungathintani kahle, amatheminali ebhethri asheshe enze i-oxidize, bese amandla ebhethri enganele ukuqalisa isiqalisi. Kwenzeka okufanayo nge-pin 50 ku-relay yokudonsa. Uma kutholakala imikhondo ye-oxidation, amathiphu ayanqanyulwa ebhethrini, ahlanzwa kanye namatheminali ebhethri kanye netheminali engu-50.
Ukuhlola iqembu lokuxhumana leswishi yokubasa kanye nobuqotho bentambo yokulawula kwenziwa ngokuvala ipulaki yale ntambo kanye nokuphumayo okungu-B kwe-relay yokudonsa. Amandla kuleli cala aqala ukunikezwa ngqo kusiqalisi. Ukuze wenze ukuxilongwa okunjalo, udinga ukuba nolwazi oluthile. Ukuhlolwa kwenziwa kanje:
- Imoto ibekwe endaweni engathathi hlangothi kanye nebhuleki lokupaka.
- Ukuthungela kuvuliwe.
- I-screwdriver eside ivala ipulaki yentambo yokulawula kanye ne-output B ye-relay yokudonsa.
- Uma isiqalisi sisebenza, ilokhi noma intambo inephutha.
Ukuchofoza njalo kwe-traction relay
Ukuchofoza kaningi lapho uqalisa injini kubonisa ukwenza kusebenze okuningi kwe-traction relay. Lokhu kungenzeka uma kukhona ukwehla kwamandla kagesi okuqinile kusekethe yesiqalisi ngenxa yokuphuma kwebhethri noma ukuthintana okungalungile phakathi kwamathiphu ezintambo zamandla. Esimweni esinjalo:
- kala i-voltage yebhethri;
- hlola isimo soxhumana nabo;
- hlola ukwethembeka kokuxhunywa kukagesi kumjikelezo wokuqala.
Ngezinye izikhathi imbangela yalesi simo ingase ibe isifunda esifushane noma ivulekile ekubambeni okubambekayo kwe-relay traction. Lokhu kunganqunywa kuphela ngemuva kokudiliza isiqalisi nokuqaqa i-relay.
Ukuzungezisa okunensayo
Ukujikeleza kancane kwe-rotor kuwumphumela wokungatholakali kwamandla okwanele kusiqalisi. Isizathu salokhu kungaba:
- ukukhishwa okujulile kwebhethri;
- i-oxidation yamatheminali ebhethri;
- ukuqina okubuthakathaka kwamathiphu ezintambo zamandla;
- ukushiswa kwe-lamellas yomqoqi webhulashi;
- ukunamathela noma ukugqoka amabhulashi;
- ukunciphisa isibambi sebhulashi lebhulashi eliphozithivu phansi;
- ukuphuka (isifunda esifushane) se-stator noma i-rotor windings.
Lapha, njengasezindabeni zangaphambilini, isimo sebhethri noxhumana nabo kuhlolwa kuqala. Uma ukungasebenzi kahle kungabonakali, isiqalisi sizodinga ukususwa futhi sihlakazwe. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, ngeke kwenzeke ukucacisa ukushiswa komqoqi, izinkinga ngamabhulashi, umnikazi webhulashi noma ama-windings.
Qalisa kabusha ekuqaleni
Isizathu sokuqhekeka kwesiqalisi lapho uvula ukhiye wokuthungela kungaba:
- ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-clutch;
- ukushayela igiya ukugqoka.
Kuzo zombili izimo, isiqalisi sizodinga ukususwa.
I-Starter hum ekuqaleni
Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu ze-starter hum kanye nokujikeleza kancane kwe-shaft yayo yilezi:
- ukugqoka kwe-rotor bushings;
- ukukhulula ama-mounting starter;
- ukufakwa okungalungile kwesiqalisi.
I-hum ibonisa ukungahambi kahle kwe-rotor shaft kanye nesifunda sayo esifushane ukuya emhlabathini.
Ukulungiswa kokuqala kwe-VAZ 2106
Iningi lezinkinga zokuqalisa ze-VAZ 2106 zingalungiswa ngokwakho - zonke izakhi ezidingekayo kulokhu zithengiswa. Ngakho-ke, lapho izimpawu ezichazwe ngenhla zivela, akufanele ushintshe ngokushesha isiqalisi sibe esisha.
Ukudiliza isiqalisi
Ukuze ususe i-VAZ 2106 yokuqala uzodinga:
- isikrini 10;
- isikrufu socket noma ikhanda 10 nge extension;
- isikrini 13;
- Phillips screwdriver.
Ukuhlakazwa kwe-starter ngokwayo kwenziwa ngendlela elandelayo:
- Usebenzisa i-screwdriver ye-Phillips, khulula isikulufu se-clamp hose edonsa umoya. Khipha ipayipi emlonyeni wesihlungi somoya bese ulihambisa eceleni.
Ipayipi lixhunywe emlonyeni wendlu yesihlungi somoya nge-clamp yezikelemu. - Usebenzisa ukhiye we-13 ukuphenduka oku-2-3, qala ngokukhulula ongezansi bese emva kwalokho unadi elingaphezulu lokungenisa umoya.Ukuze ususe umoya, khulula amantongomane amabili
- Sisusa ukungena komoya.
- Usebenzisa isikrufu esingu-10, khulula amantongomane amabili uvikela isivikelo sokuvikela ukushisa.Isivikelo sokushisa endaweni yenjini siboshwe ngamantongomane amabili
- Kusukela phansi emotweni nge-wrench yesokhethi noma ikhanda le-10 elinesandiso, khulula inati eliphansi elivikela isihlangu ekukhwezeni injini.Kusukela ngezansi, isivikelo sokuvikela ukushisa sihlala phezu kwenadi elilodwa
- Susa isivikelo sokushisa.
- Kusukela phansi emotweni ngokhiye we-13, sikhulula ibhawodi lokukhweza okuphansi kwesiqalisi.Ibhawodi yokufaka isiqalisi esiphansi ayikrululiwe ngesikrufu esingu-13
- Egumbini lenjini elinokhiye ongu-13, siqaqa amabhawodi amabili okufakwa phezulu kwesiqalisi.Isiqalisi sinamathiselwe phezulu ngamabhawodi amabili.
- Sibambe i-starter housing ngezandla zombili, siyihambisa phambili, ngaleyo ndlela sinikeze ukufinyelela kumathiphu ezintambo ezixhunywe ku-relay yokudonsa.Ukuze unikeze ukufinyelela kumathiphu ezintambo, isiqalisi kufanele sihanjiswe phambili.
- Susa isixhumi sentambo yokulawula ku-relay yokudonsa ngesandla.Intambo yokulawula ixhunywe ku-relay yokudonsa ngesixhumi
- Sisebenzisa ukhiye ongu-13, siqaqa inathi elivikela intambo yamandla kutheminali engaphezulu ye-traction relay.Ukuze unqamule intambo yamandla, khulula inathi ngesikrufu esingu-13.
- Ukubamba i-starter housing ngezandla zombili, yiphakamise futhi uyisuse enjinini.Ukuze ususe isiqalisi enjinini, udinga ukusiphakamisa kancane
Ividiyo: ukudiliza isiqalisi se-VAZ 2106
Ukudilizwa, ukuxazulula izinkinga kanye nokulungiswa kwesiqalisi
Ukuze uhlukanise, ukuxazulula izinkinga nokulungisa isiqalo seVAZ 2106 uzodinga:
- ukhiye we-8;
- ukhiye we-10;
- ukhiye we-13;
- screwdriver nge Phillips blade;
- i-screwdriver esinezimpondo;
- isando;
- abadayisi;
- abashayi;
- ama-mandrels akhethekile wokucindezela ama-starter bushings;
- ohmmeter.
Umsebenzi wenziwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- Ngokhiye ongu-13, siqaqa inadi elibopha intambo ekuphumeni okuphansi kwereyi yokudonsa.Ukuze unqamule intambo yamandla kusiqalisi, khulula inathi
- Sisusa intwasahlobo eyodwa kanye namawasha amabili ayisicaba kusukela ekuphumeni.
- Nqamula intambo yesiqalisi ekuphumeni kwe-relay.
- Khumula izikulufu ezintathu uvikele i-traction relay kukhava yesiqalisi ngesikrudrayiva esicijile.
- Sisusa i-relay.Ukuze uqaqe i-relay yokudonsa, qaqa izikulufu ezintathu
- Susa isiphethu ku-arature ye-relay.Isiphethu sikhishwa kalula ehange ngesandla.
- Ukuphakamisa ihange phezulu, likhiphe ku-lever yokushayela bese uyinqamula.Ukuze ususe ihange, kufanele lihanjiswe phezulu
- Usebenzisa i-screwdriver ye-Phillips, qaqa izikulufu ezimbili ku-casing.
- Susa ikhava.Ukuze ususe ikhava yokuqalisa, qaqa izikulufu ezimbili
- Usebenzisa i-screwdriver eboshiwe, susa indandatho elungisa i-rotor shaft.Ungasebenzisa i-screwdriver eboshiwe ukuze ususe indandatho yokubamba.
- Susa i-rotor washer.
- Nge-wrench engu-10, qaqa amabhawodi okuhlanganisa.Izingxenye eziyinhloko ze-starter zixhunywe ngama-bolt tie.
- Hlukanisa isembozo sokuqala nendlu.Ngemuva kokukhulula ama-bolts okubopha, isembozo sokuqala sikhishwa kalula endlini
- Usebenzisa i-screwdriver eboshiwe, khulula izikulufu ezivikela ama-windings.Izikulufu zokubopha ezivunguzayo azikhohliwe nge-screwdriver eboshiwe
- Sisusa i-tube insulating kusuka ezindlini.Ishubhu le-insulating likhishwa ngesandla ku-starter housing.
- Hlukanisa ikhava yangemuva.Isembozo sangemuva se-starter singasuswa kalula emzimbeni
- Sikhipha i-jumper kumphathi webhulashi.Ngemuva kokukhipha izikulufo ezivikela ama-windings, i-jumper iyasuswa
- Usebenzisa i-screwdriver, susa amabhulashi neziphethu zawo.Ukuze ususe ama-brushes neziphethu, udinga ukuwaphenya nge-screwdriver
- Ukusebenzisa i-mandrel ekhethekile, sicindezela i-bushing ngaphandle kwesembozo sangemuva se-starter. Uma kunezimpawu zokugqoka ku-bushing, faka entsha endaweni yayo futhi, usebenzisa i-mandrel efanayo, cindezela kuyo.Bushings sicindezelwe ngaphandle futhi sicindezelwe ngokusebenzisa mandrel ekhethekile
- Amapulangwe asusa iphinikhodi ye-cotter yelever yokuqalisa idrayivu.Iphinikhodi ye-starter drive lever ikhishwa ngosizo lwamapulangwe
- Susa i-lever axle.I-axis ye-drive lever iphushwa ngaphandle nge-screwdriver encane
- Khipha ipulaki.
- Sikhipha izingalo ze-lever.
- Sisusa i-rotor kanye ne-clutch.Ukuze unqamule i-rotor kusukela kwesembozo, udinga ukukhulula amahlombe e-lever drive nge-screwdriver encane.
- Susa i-drive lever kusuka kukhava yangaphambili.Uma i-shaft isikhishiwe, i-drive lever ingadonswa kalula ngaphandle kwekhava yangaphambili.
- Sebenzisa i-screwdriver ene-slot ukuhambisa iwasha ku-rotor shaft.Iwasha ku-rotor shaft ishintshwa nge-screwdriver efakiwe
- Khipha futhi ukhiphe indandatho yokulungisa. Nqamula i-clutch ku-shaft.Indandatho yokubamba ivalwe ngama-screwdriver amabili
- Ukusebenzisa i-mandrel, cindezela i-bushing yangaphambili ngaphandle kwekhava. Siyayihlola futhi, uma izimpawu zokugqoka zitholakala, faka futhi ucindezele endaweni entsha nge-mandrel.Umkhono wekhava wangaphambili ucindezelwe nge-mandrel ekhethekile
- Sikala ukuphakama kwebhulashi ngalinye (amalahle) nge-caliper. Uma ukuphakama kwanoma yiliphi ibhulashi lingaphansi kuka-12 mm, lishintshe libe elisha.Ukuphakama kwamabhulashi kufanele okungenani kube ngu-12 mm
- Sihlola i-stator windings. Akufanele babe neminonjana yokutubeka kanye nokulimala komshini.I-stator windings akumele ibe nemiphumela yokukhathala kanye nokulimala komshini.
- Sihlola ubuqotho be-stator windings. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sixhuma i-probe yokuqala ye-ohmmeter ekuphumeni kwesinye se-windings, kanti okwesibili ecaleni. Ukumelana kufanele kube mayelana ne-10 kOhm. Inqubo iphindwe ku-winding ngayinye. Uma ukumelana okungenani kweyodwa yama-windings kungaphansi kokucacisiwe, i-stator kufanele ishintshwe.Ukumelana kwe-stator windings ngayinye kufanele kube okungenani i-10 kOhm
- Hlola ubuningi be-rotor. Wonke ama-lamellas ayo kufanele abe endaweni. Uma iminonjana evuthayo, ukungcola, uthuli itholakala kumqoqi, siyihlanza nge-sandpaper enhle. Uma ama-lamellas ewa noma iminonjana yokuvutha okukhulu, i-rotor ithathelwa indawo entsha.
- Sihlola ubuqotho be-rotor winding. Sixhuma i-ohmmeter probe eyodwa ku-rotor core, enye kumqoqi. Uma ukumelana kokuqina kungaphansi kwe-10 kOhm, i-rotor kufanele ishintshwe entsha.Ukumelana ne-rotor winding kufanele okungenani kube ngu-10 kOhm
- Ngokuhleleka okuphambene, sihlanganisa isiqalisi.
Ividiyo: ukuqaqa nokulungiswa kwesiqalo seVAZ 2106
Ukungasebenzi kahle kanye nokulungiswa kwe-starter traction relay
I-traction relay itholakala kukhava yangaphambili yesiqalisi futhi yakhelwe ukusebenzelana kwesikhashana kweshafti yedivayisi yokuqala enomqhele we-flywheel. Yiyo, hhayi isiqalisi ngokwaso, esivame ukwehluleka. Ngokungeziwe ezinkingeni zezintambo nezokuthintana okukhulunywe ngazo ngenhla, ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-relay yokudonsa yizi:
- ukushiswa kwama-bolts okuxhumana (pyatakov);
- isifunda esifushane noma isifunda esivulekile ku-winding;
- ukulimala kwemishini.Ukushiswa kwama-nickels kuwukungasebenzi kahle okuvamile kwe-traction relay.
Uphawu oluyinhloko lokuhluleka kokudlulisela ukungabikho kokuchofoza lapho ukhiye uvulwa kuswishi yokuthungela. Kusho ukuthi:
- kazibuthe kagesi;
- abathintwayo abadluliselweyo abavaliwe;
- Ayikho i-voltage esetshenziswa kusiqalisi.
Esimweni esinjalo, ngemva kokuhlola i-wiring kanye noxhumana nabo, i-relay kufanele isuswe ku-starter futhi ihlolwe. Lokhu kwenziwa kanje:
- Usebenzisa ukhiye ongu-13, khulula amantongomane avikele izintambo zamandla kumabholithi okuxhumana adluliselwe phambili.
- Nqamula isixhumi sentambo yokulawula.
- Usebenzisa isikrudrayiva esibolekile, qaqa izikulufu ezintathu uvikele i-traction relay kukhava yangaphambili.
- Nqamula i-relay kusukela kukhava.
- Sihlola i-relay futhi, uma umonakalo womshini noma amabhawodi okuxhumana ashisiwe atholakala, siyayishintsha ibe entsha.
- Uma kungabikho umonakalo obonakalayo, siqhubeka nokuhlola futhi sixhuma i-relay ngqo ebhethri. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sithola izingcezu ezimbili zocingo ezinengxenye yesiphambano okungenani 5 mm2 futhi ngosizo lwabo sixhuma okukhiphayo kocingo lokulawula ku-minus yebhethri, kanye nekesi lokudlulisela ku-plus. Ngesikhathi sokuxhuma, i-relay core kufanele ihoxise. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, i-relay idinga ukushintshwa.
Ividiyo: ukuhlola i-VAZ 2106 traction relay ngebhethri
Ukushintsha i-traction relay kulula kakhulu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, vele ufake idivayisi entsha esikhundleni sendala bese uqinisa izikulufu ezintathu ezivikela ukudluliselwa kwekhava yangaphambili.
Ngakho-ke, ukuxilonga, ukudilizwa, ukuhlakazeka nokulungiswa kwe-VAZ 2106 isiqalo akunzima kakhulu ngisho nomnikazi wemoto ongenalwazi. Ukulandela ngokucophelela imiyalelo yochwepheshe kuzokuvumela ukuthi wenze lokhu ngokushesha nangempumelelo.
