I-Air Mass Meter - I-Mas Air Flow kanye ne-MAP ye-Intake Manifold Pressure Sensor

Abashayeli abangaphezu koyedwa, ikakhulukazi endabeni ye-1,9 TDi, uzwile igama elithi "mass air flow meter" noma laziwa kakhulu ngokuthi "isisindo somoya". Isizathu sasilula. Imvamisa, ingxenye yehluleka futhi yaholwa, ngaphezu kokukhanya okushisayo kwenjini, ekwehleni okukhulu kwamandla noma lokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukuminyana kwenjini. Ingxenye ibibiza kakhulu ezinsukwini zokuqala zesikhathi se-TDi, kodwa ngenhlanhla ishibhile kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngaphezu komklamo obucayi, ukushintshwa kwesihlungi somoya ngokunganaki "kuyisizile" ukuthi inciphise impilo yayo. Ukumelana kwemitha kuthuthuke kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kepha kusengakwazi ukwehluleka ngezikhathi ezithile. Vele, le ngxenye ayikho kuphela kwi-TDi, kodwa nakwezinye izinjini zikadizili nezanamuhla zikaphethiloli.

Inani lomoya ogelezayo linqunywa ukupholisa ukumelana okuncike emazingeni okushisa (ucingo olushisayo noma ifilimu) yenzwa enomoya ogelezayo. Ukumelana kagesi kwezinguquko zenzwa kanye nesiginali yamanje noma yamandla kuvivinywa yiyunithi yokulawula. Imitha yesisindo somoya (i-anemometer) ilinganisa ngqo ubuningi bomoya onikezwe injini, isb. ukuthi isilinganiso asizimele ngobuningi bomoya (ngokungafani nesilinganiso sevolumu), okuncike ekucindezelekeni nasekushiseni komoya (ukuphakama). Njengoba isilinganiso sophethiloli nomoya sichazwa njengesilinganiso sobuningi, ngokwesibonelo 1 kg kaphethiloli nge-14,7 kg yomoya (isilinganiso se-stoichiometric), ukukala inani lomoya nge-anemometer kuyindlela enembile kakhulu yokukala.

Izinzuzo zokulinganisa inani lomoya

• Ukunqunywa okunembile kobuningi bomoya osindayo.
• Ukuphendula okusheshayo kwemitha yokugeleza ekushintsheni kokugeleza.
• Awekho amaphutha adalwe ukushintsha kwengcindezi yomoya.
• Awekho amaphutha adalwe yizinguquko ekushiseni komoya.
• Ukufakwa okulula kwemitha yokugeleza komoya ngaphandle kwezingxenye ezihambayo.
• Ukumelana okuphansi kakhulu kwe-hydraulic.

Isilinganiso sevolumu yomoya ngocingo oluvuthayo (LH-Motronic)

Kulolu hlobo lomjovo kaphethiloli, i-anemometer ifakiwe engxenyeni ejwayelekile yokuphindaphindeka kokudla, inzwa yayo iyintambo evulekile evuthayo. Intambo evuthayo igcinwa ekushiseni okungaguquguquki ngokudlulisa amandla kagesi acishe abe yi-100 ° C ngaphezulu kwezinga lokushisa komoya owuthathayo. Uma imoto idonsa umoya omningi noma omncane, izinga lokushisa kocingo liyashintsha. Ukukhiqiza ukushisa kufanele kunxeshezelwe ngokushintsha amandla okushisa. Ubungako bayo buyisilinganiso senani lomoya odonswe kulo. Isilinganiso senzeka cishe izikhathi eziyi-1000 ngomzuzwana. Uma ucingo olushisayo lunqamuka, iyunithi yokulawula ingena kwimodi ephuthumayo.

 

Njengoba ucingo lusemugqeni wokudonswa, amadiphozithi angakha ocingweni futhi athinte ukukala. Ngakho-ke, ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho injini icishiwe, ucingo lushiswa kafushane lucishe lube ngu-1000 ° C ngokususelwa kusiginali esivela kuyunithi yokulawula, bese kufakwa kulo okushisayo.

Intambo yePlatinam evuthayo enobubanzi obungu-0,7 mm ivikela umucu wocingo ekucindezelekeni kwemishini. Intambo ingatholwa futhi emgudwini wokudlula oholela kumbobo wangaphakathi. Ukungcola kocingo oluvuthayo kuvinjelwe ngokukumboza ngongqimba lwengilazi nange-velocity ephezulu yomoya esiteshini sokudlula. Ukushiswa kokungcola akusadingeki kuleli cala.

Ukulinganisa inani lomoya ngefilimu evuthayo

Inzwa yokumelana eyenziwe ungqimba oluqhubekisayo oluqhutshwa (ifilimu) lubekwa esiteshini esengeziwe sokulinganisa sendlu yenzwa. Isendlalelo esishisayo asikho ngaphansi kokungcola. Umoya wokungenisa udlula kumamitha wokugeleza komoya futhi ngaleyo ndlela ube nomthelela ekushiseni kwesendlalelo esivuthayo (ifilimu).

Inzwa iqukethe ama-resistors amathathu kagesi akhiwe ngezendlalelo:

• Ukushisa isitha R_H (ukumelana nenzwa),
• ukumelana inzwa R_S, (ukushisa kwenzwa),
• ukumelana nokushisa R_L (ukungena kokushisa komoya).

Izendlalelo ze-platinum eziyizacile zibekwe ku-substrate ye-ceramic futhi zixhunywe ebhulohweni njengama-resistors.

I-elekthronikhi ilawula izinga lokushisa kwesibambi sokushisa R ngamandla kagesi ahlukahlukene._H ukuze ibe ngu-160 ° C ephakeme kunezinga lokushisa lomoya olithathayo. Lokhu kushisa kukalwa ngokumelana no-R_L kuya ngezinga lokushisa. Ukushisa kwesiphikisi sokushisa kukalwa ngenzwa yokumelana no-R_S... Njengoba ukugeleza komoya kukhuphuka noma kuncipha, ukumelana nokushisa kuphola kakhulu noma ngaphansi. I-elekthronikhi ilawula amandla we-resistor yokushisa nge-sensor yokumelana ukuze umehluko wezinga lokushisa uphinde ufike ku-160 ° C. Kusuka kule voltage yokulawula, i-electronics yenzwa ikhiqiza isignali yeyunithi yokulawula ehambelana nobukhulu bomoya (ukugeleza kobuningi).

 

Uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kahle kwemitha yesisindo somoya, iyunithi yokulawula i-elekthronikhi izosebenzisa inani elithatha indawo yesikhathi sokuvula sama-injection (imodi yesimo esiphuthumayo). Inani elingena esikhundleni linqunywa indawo (i-angle) ye-valve ye-throttle kanye nesignali yesivinini senjini - okuthiwa yi-alpha-n control.

Imitha yokugeleza komoya yevolumu

Ngaphezu kwesisindo sokugeleza komoya, lokho okubizwa ngokuthi yi-volumetric, incazelo yayo engabonakala kumfanekiso ongezansi.

 

Uma injini iqukethe inzwa ye-MAP (multifold air pressure), isistimu yokulawula ibala idatha yevolumu yomoya isebenzisa isivinini senjini, izinga lokushisa lomoya kanye nedatha yevolumu yevolumu egcinwe ku-ECU. Endabeni ye-MAP, umgomo wokushaya amaphuzu usekelwe enanini lengcindezi, noma kunalokho i-vacuum, ku-manifold yokuthatha, ehluka ngomthwalo wenjini. Uma injini ingasebenzi, umfutho wegazi owuthathayo uyafana nomoya we-ambient. Ushintsho lwenzeka ngenkathi injini isebenza. Amapistoni enjini akhomba indawo ephansi efile amunca umoya kanye nophethiloli futhi ngaleyo ndlela adala i-vacuum endaweni eningi. I-vacuum ephezulu kakhulu yenzeka ngesikhathi sokubhuleka kwenjini lapho i-throttle ivaliwe. I-vacuum ephansi iyenzeka uma kwenzeka idling, futhi i-vacuum encane kunazo zonke kwenzeka esimweni sokusheshisa, lapho injini idonsa umoya omkhulu. I-MAP ithembekile kakhulu kodwa inembe kancane. I-MAF - I-Airweight inembile kodwa ijwayele ukulimala. Ezinye izimoto (ezinamandla ikakhulukazi) zinenzwa ye-Mass Air Flow (I-Mass Air Flow) kanye nenzwa ye-MAP (MAP). Ezimweni ezinjalo, i-MAP isetshenziselwa ukulawula umsebenzi we-boost, ukulawula umsebenzi wokubuyisela kabusha igesi ephumayo, futhi njengesipele uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka kwenzwa yokugeleza komoya okukhulu.