Ukusebenza kwe-throttle

I-throttle valve ingenye yezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu zesistimu yokuthatha yenjini yangaphakathi evuthayo. Emotweni, itholakala phakathi kwe-multifold intake kanye nesihlungi somoya. Kudizili, i-throttle ayidingeki, kepha ezinjinini zesimanje isafakwa uma kwenzeka ukusebenza okuphuthumayo. Isimo siyefana nangezinjini zikaphethroli uma zinesistimu yokulawula i-valve lift. Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-valve ye-throttle ukunikeza nokulawula ukugeleza komoya okudingekile ukuze kwakhiwe ingxube yamafutha omoya. Ngakho-ke, ukuzinza kwezindlela zokusebenza zenjini, izinga lokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kanye nezici zemoto iyonke kuncike ekusebenzeni kahle kwe-absorber shock.

Chokha idivayisi

Ngokombono ongokoqobo, i-throttle valve iyi-valve yokudlula. Esimweni esivulekile, ingcindezi ohlelweni lokuthatha ilingana ne-atmospheric. Njengoba ivala, iyancipha, isondela ku-vacuum value (lokhu kungenxa yokuthi injini empeleni isebenza njengepompo). Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi i-vacuum brake booster ixhunywe ku-multifold intake. Ngokwesakhiwo, i-damper ngokwayo iyipuleti eliyindilinga elingazungeza ama-degree angama-90. Ukuguquka okukodwa okunjalo kumelela umjikelezo owodwa ukusuka ekuvulekeni okugcwele kuye ekuvaleni kwe-valve.

Idivayisi yokusheshisa

I-Butterfly valve block (imojula) ihlanganisa izici ezilandelayo:

• Icala lifakwe imibhobho ehlukahlukene. Axhunywe ezinhlelweni zokungenisa komoya ezibamba uphethiloli kanye nezihwamuko ezipholile (ukushisa umswakama).
• Ukwenza kusebenze ivalvu lapho umshayeli ecindezela i-accelerator pedal.
• Izinzwa zokumisa noma ama-potentiometer. Bakala i-angle yokuvula i-throttle bese bethumela isignali kuyunithi yokulawula injini. Ezinhlelweni zanamuhla, kufakwe izinzwa ezimbili ze-throttle position, okungaba ukuxhumana okuslayidayo (i-potentiometers) noma i-magnetoresistive (okungathintani).
• Idling regulator. Kuyadingeka ukugcina ijubane elibekiwe le-crankshaft kwimodi evaliwe. Okusho ukuthi, i-angle encane yokuvula ye-shock absorber iqinisekiswa lapho i-accelerator pedal ingacindezelwe.

Izinhlobo nezindlela zokusebenza kwe-valve mpintsha

Uhlobo lwe-throttle actuator lunquma ukwakheka kwayo, indlela yokusebenza nokulawula. Kungaba ngomshini noma ngogesi (elekthronikhi).

Imishini yedrayivu yokushayela

Amamodeli amadala futhi ashibhile ezimoto ane-actuator ye-valve engumshini lapho i-accelerator pedal ixhunywe khona ngqo ku-wastegate isebenzisa ikhebula elikhethekile. I-activator engumshini yevalve uvemvane iqukethe izici ezilandelayo:

• i-accelerator (i-pedal pedal);
• donsa futhi uphendule ama-levers;
• intambo yensimbi.

Ukucindezela i-accelerator pedal kwenza kusebenze uhlelo lwemishini lwezinsimbi, izinduku kanye nekhebula, okubangela ukuba i-damper ijikeleze (ivuleke). Ngenxa yalokho, umoya uqala ukungena ohlelweni, futhi ingxube ye-air-fuel yenziwa. Uma kunikezwa umoya omningi, uphethiloli uzogeleza kakhulu ngakho-ke isivinini sizokhula. Lapho i-throttle isendaweni engenzi lutho, i-throttle ibuyela endaweni evaliwe. Ngaphezu kwemodi eyinhloko, izinhlelo zemishini zingase futhi zifake ukulawulwa ngesandla kwesikhundla se-throttle usebenzisa i-knob ekhethekile.

Isimiso sokusebenza kwedrayivu ye-elektroniki

Uhlobo lwesibili nolwesimanje lwe-shock absorbers luyi-throttle ye-electronic (ene-electric drive kanye nokulawulwa kwe-electronic). Izici zayo eziyinhloko:

• Akukho ukusebenzisana okuqondile kwemishini phakathi kwe-pedal ne-damper. Esikhundleni salokho, kusetshenziswa isilawuli se-elekthronikhi, esikuvumela futhi ukuthi ushintshe i-torque yenjini ngaphandle kokucindezela i-pedal.
• I-idling yenjini ilawulwa ngokuzenzakalela ngokuhambisa i-throttle.

Uhlelo lwe-elekthronikhi lubandakanya:

• indawo ye-throttle kanye nezinzwa zegesi;
• iyunithi yokulawula izinjini kagesi (i-ECU);
• ukudonsa kagesi

I-electronic throttle control system iphinde icabangele amasignali asuka ku-transmission, climate control system, brake pedal position sensor kanye ne-cruise control.

Uma ucindezela i-accelerator pedal, inzwa ye-accelerator pedal position, ehlanganisa ama-potentiometers amabili azimele, ishintsha ukumelana kumjikelezo, okuyisignali kuyunithi yokulawula ye-elekthronikhi. Lesi sakamuva sidlulisela umyalo ofanele kudrayivu kagesi (motor) futhi siphendule i-throttle. Ukuma kwayo, nakho, kulawulwa izinzwa ezifanele. Bathumela ulwazi mayelana nesimo sevalvu entsha ku-ECU.

Inzwa yamanje ye-throttle position iyi-potentiometer enezimpawu ze-multidirectional kanye nokumelana okuphelele kwe-8 kOhm. Itholakala emzimbeni wayo futhi isabela ekujikelezeni kwe-shaft, iguqula i-angle yokuvula i-valve ibe yi-voltage ye-DC.

Esimweni esivaliwe se-valve, i-voltage izoba ngu-0,7 V, futhi endaweni evulekile ngokugcwele, mayelana ne-4 V. Lesi siginali sitholwa isilawuli, ngaleyo ndlela sifunde mayelana nephesenti lokuvuleka kwe-throttle. Ngokusekelwe kulokhu, inani likaphethiloli elinikeziwe libalwa.

Amajika okukhipha inzwa ye-damper position anama-multidirectional. Isiginali yokulawula umehluko phakathi kwamanani amabili. Le ndlela isiza ukubhekana nokugxambukela okungenzeka.

Insizakalo ye-mpintsha nokulungiswa

Uma i-valve ye-throttle ihluleka, i-module yakho ishintsha ngokuphelele, kodwa kwezinye izimo kwanele ukwenza ukulungiswa (ukujwayela) noma ukuhlanza. Ngakho-ke, ukuze usebenze ngokunembe kakhudlwana kwezinhlelo eziqhutshwa ngogesi, kuyadingeka ukuzivumelanisa noma ukufunda i-throttle. Le nqubo ihlanganisa ukufaka idatha ezindaweni ezimbi kakhulu ze-valve (ukuvula nokuvala) kumemori yesilawuli).

Ukujwayela i-Throttle kuyadingeka kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• Lapho ushintsha noma uhlela kabusha iyunithi yokulawula injini yemoto.
• Lapho ushintsha i-shock absorber.
• Lapho injini ingazinzile ngokungenzi lutho.

Iyunithi ye-valve ye-throttle iqeqeshwe esiteshini sesevisi isebenzisa imishini ekhethekile (izikena). Ukungenelela okungenamsebenzi kungaholela ekuguquleni okungalungile kanye nokuwohloka kokusebenza kwemoto.

Uma kunenkinga ngezinzwa, isibani esiyisixwayiso sizokhanyisa kuphaneli yensimbi ukuze sikwazise ngenkinga. Lokhu kungase kubonise kokubili ukulungiselelwa okungalungile kanye nekhefu koxhumana nabo. Okunye ukungasebenzi kahle okuvamile ukuvuza komoya, okungatholakala ngokunyuka okubukhali kwejubane lenjini.

Naphezu kokulula komklamo, kungcono ukuphathisa ukuxilongwa nokulungiswa kwe-valve ye-throttle kuchwepheshe onolwazi. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukonga, ukhululekile futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, ukusebenza okuphephile kwemoto futhi kwandise impilo yenjini.