ESP emotweni

Ngokuvamile, abanikazi abajabulayo bezimoto ezintsha nezanamuhla banombuzo: iyini i-ESP, iyini futhi iyadingeka? Kuyafaneleka ukuqonda lokhu ngokuningiliziwe, okuyinto, empeleni, sizokwenza ngezansi.

Ngokuphambene nenkolelo evamile, ukushayela akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ikakhulukazi, lesi sitatimende sifanelekile ezimweni lapho indlela yokunyakaza ivinjelwa yizici ezihlukahlukene zangaphandle, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kube ukuphenduka okunzima noma izimo zezulu ezinzima. Futhi izikhathi eziningi ndawonye. Ingozi enkulu kulezi zimo i-skidding, engabangela ubunzima ekushayeleni, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nokunyakaza okungalawuleki nokungalindelekile kwemoto, okungabangela ingozi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungavela ubunzima kokubili kwabaqalayo kanye nabashayeli abanolwazi kakade. Ukuxazulula le nkinga, kusetshenziswa isistimu ekhethekile, efushanisiwe njenge-ESP.

Ungayibhala kanjani i-ESP

Ilogo yesistimu ye-ESP

I-ESP noma i-Electronic Stability Programme - leli gama enguqulweni yesiRashiya lisho uhlelo lwe-electronic dynamic stabilization yemoto noma, ngamanye amazwi, uhlelo lokuzinza kwezinga lokushintshaniswa. Ngamanye amazwi, i-ESP iyingxenye yesistimu yokuphepha esebenzayo engakwazi ukulawula isikhathi sokusebenza kwesondo elilodwa noma amaningana ngesikhathi esisodwa kusetshenziswa ikhompuyutha, ngaleyo ndlela iqede ukunyakaza kwezinhlangothi futhi ilinganise indawo yemoto.

Izinkampani ezihlukahlukene zikhiqiza amadivaysi e-elekthronikhi afanayo, kodwa umkhiqizi omkhulu futhi owaziwa kakhulu we-ESP (nangaphansi kwalolu hlobo) nguRobert Bosch GmbH.

Isifinyezo se-ESP sivame kakhulu futhi samukelwa ngokuvamile ezimotweni eziningi zaseYurophu naseMelika, kodwa hhayi eyodwa kuphela. Ezimotweni ezihlukene lapho kufakwe khona uhlelo lokuzinza kwezinga lokushintshaniswa, amagama azo angahluka, kodwa lokhu akushintshi ingqikithi nesimiso sokusebenza.

Bheka futhi: Uyini umehluko phakathi kwedrayivu edonsa ngamasondo angemuva nengaphambili futhi lokhu kuthinta kanjani ukuzinza kwemoto.

Isibonelo sama-analogue e-ESP kwezinye izinhlobo zezimoto:

• ESC (Electronic Stability Control) — for Hyundai, Kia, Honda;
• I-DSC (Dynamic Stability Control) — для Rover, Jaguar, BMW;
• I-DTSC (Dynamic Stability Traction Control) — ku-Volvo;
• I-VSA (Vehicle Stability Assist) - ye-Acura ne-Honda;
• VSC (Vehicle Stability Control) — для Toyota;
• I-VDC (Vehicle Dynamic Control) — для Subaru, Nissan kanye ne-Infiniti.

Ngokumangalisayo, i-ESP yazuza ukuthandwa okubanzi hhayi lapho idalwa, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Yebo, futhi ngenxa yehlazo lika-1997, elihlotshaniswa nokushiyeka okukhulu, okwabe sekwakhiwa yi-Mercedes-Benz A-class. Le moto ehlangene, ngenxa yenduduzo, yathola umzimba ophakeme kakhulu, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo isikhungo esiphezulu sokudonsela phansi. Ngenxa yalokhu, imoto ibinomkhuba wokugingqika ngodlame futhi yayisengozini yokugingqika lapho yenza ukuqondisa kabusha "kokuhlela kabusha". Inkinga yaxazululwa ngokufaka uhlelo lokulawula ukuzinza kumamodeli e-compact Mercedes. Lena yindlela i-ESP eyathola ngayo igama layo.

Indlela uhlelo lwe-ESP olusebenza ngayo

Izinhlelo zokuphepha

Iqukethe iyunithi yokulawula ekhethekile, amadivaysi okulinganisa angaphandle alawula amapharamitha ahlukahlukene, kanye ne-actuator (iyunithi yevalvu). Uma sicabangela idivayisi ye-ESP ngokuqondile, ingakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yayo kuphela ngokuhambisana nezinye izingxenye zesistimu yokuphepha esebenzayo yemoto, njenge:

• Izinhlelo zokuvimbela ukukhiya amasondo ngesikhathi sokubhuleka (ABS);
• Izinhlelo zokusabalalisa amandla amabhuleki (EBD);
• I-Electronic differential lock system (EDS);
• I-Anti-slip system (ASR).

Inhloso yezinzwa zangaphandle ukuqapha ukukalwa kwe-angle yokuqondisa, ukusebenza kwesistimu ye-brake, indawo ye-throttle (empeleni, ukuziphatha komshayeli ngemuva kwesondo) kanye nezici zokushayela zemoto. Idatha etholiwe ifundwa futhi ithunyelwe kuyunithi yokulawula, okuthi, uma kunesidingo, isebenze i-actuator ehlotshaniswa nezinye izakhi zesistimu yokuphepha esebenzayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, iyunithi yokulawula yesistimu yokulawula ukuzinza ixhunywe enjini kanye nokudlulisa okuzenzakalelayo futhi ingathinta ukusebenza kwabo ezimweni eziphuthumayo.

Isebenza kanjani i-ESP

I-trajectory yemoto ngaphandle kwe-ESP

I-trajectory yemoto ene-ESP

I-Electronic Stability Programme ihlale ihlaziya imininingwane engenayo mayelana nezenzo zomshayeli bese iziqhathanisa nokuhamba kwangempela kwemoto. Uma i-ESP icabanga ukuthi umshayeli uyehluleka ukulawula imoto, izongenelela.

Ukulungiswa kwesifundo semoto kungafinyelelwa:

• Ukubhuleka amasondo athile;
• Shintsha isivinini senjini.

Imaphi amasondo okufanele uwabhuleke kunqunywa iyunithi yokulawula kuye ngesimo. Isibonelo, lapho imoto ishushuluza, i-ESP ingakwazi ukubhuleka ngesondo langaphambili elingaphandle futhi ishintshe isivinini senjini ngesikhathi esifanayo. Lesi sakamuva sifezwa ngokulungisa ukunikezwa kwamafutha.

Isimo sengqondo sabashayeli nge-ESP

Inkinobho yokuvala ye-ESP

Akucaci ngaso sonke isikhathi. Abashayeli abaningi abanolwazi abanelisekile ukuthi kwezinye izimo, ngokuphambene nesifiso somuntu ngemuva kwesondo, ukucindezela i-accelerator pedal akusebenzi. I-ESP ayikwazi ukuhlola iziqu zomshayeli noma isifiso sakhe “sokushayela imoto”, igunya lakhe ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba okuphephile kwemoto ezimeni ezithile.

Kubashayeli abanjalo, abakhiqizi bavame ukunikeza ikhono lokukhubaza uhlelo lwe-ESP; ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, kunconywa ngisho ukuyivala (isibonelo, emhlabathini ovulekile).

Kwezinye izimo, lolu hlelo ludingeka ngempela. Futhi hhayi nje abashayeli abasha. Ebusika, kunzima kakhulu ngaphandle kwayo. Futhi uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi ngenxa yokusabalala kwalesi simiso, izinga lezingozi liye lehla cishe ngo-30%, “isidingo” saso asinakungabaza. Nokho, akumelwe sikhohlwe ukuthi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usizo olunjalo lusebenza kahle kangakanani, ngeke lunikeze ukuvikelwa okungu-100%.