Ukuhlola izinga lamafutha enjini

Iningi labashayeli bazi kahle ukuthi ukusebenza kahle kwenjini kanye nempilo yeyunithi yamandla ngaphambi kokulungiswa kuncike ngqo kwikhwalithi nesimo samafutha enjini. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa kuphela izinhlobo zamafutha anconywe umenzi wemoto, kucatshangelwa inani lemingcele ebalulekile (isisekelo esiyisisekelo, i-viscosity emazingeni okushisa aphezulu naphansi, ukubekezelelwa kwe-SAE ne-ACEA).

Ngokuhambisanayo, kuyadingeka futhi ukucabangela izimo zokusebenza zomuntu ngamunye zemoto, kanye nokushintsha isihlungi samafutha namafutha njalo. Ngokuqondene nokushintsha uwoyela, lo msebenzi kufanele wenziwe ngendlela efanele (khipha ngokuphelele amafutha amadala, ugeze injini lapho ufaka olunye uhlobo lwamafutha, njll.).

Kodwa-ke, akukhona konke lokhu, ngoba kuyadingeka ukuhlola izinga likawoyela enjini yomlilo yangaphakathi ngezikhathi ezithile (ikakhulukazi ezinjinini ze-turbo noma uma iyunithi ivame ukusebenza ngemithwalo engaphezu kwesilinganiso). Futhi, ngezizathu ezihlukahlukene, isheke eyengeziwe izinga uwoyela injini kuyadingeka.

Kulesi sihloko, sizokhuluma ngendlela yokuhlola i-lubricant ngemuva kokuthululelwa ohlelweni lukawoyela, nokuthi yiziphi izimpawu nendlela yokunquma isimo samafutha enjini yemoto kaphethiloli noma yedizili.

Izinga lamafutha enjini enjinini: ukuhlola isimo sokuthambisa

Okokuqala, isidingo sokuqinisekisa singase siphakame ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene. Okokuqala, akekho ogonyiwe ekuthengeni inkohliso. Ngamanye amazwi, umshayeli angase angabaze izinga lasekuqaleni lamafutha asetshenzisiwe.

Kuyadingeka futhi ukubheka okokugcoba lapho umkhiqizo ungaziwa noma ungakaze usetshenziswe enjinini ethile (isibonelo, ama-synthetics athathelwe indawo ngama-semi-synthetics noma uwoyela wamaminerali).

Esinye isidingo sokuhlola ikhwalithi yamafutha enjini kungenxa yokuthi umnikazi uthenge umkhiqizo othile, ecabangela izici zomuntu ngamunye zokusebenza, futhi ufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uketshezi olugcobayo "lusebenza".

Ekugcineni, ukuhlolwa kungase kube ukumane kunqume ukuthi nini ukushintsha uwoyela, uma ilahlekelwe izakhiwo zayo, njll Kunoma yikuphi, udinga ukwazi ukuthi ungabheka kanjani uwoyela wenjini nokuthi yini okufanele uyibheke.

Ngakho, ake siqale. Okokuqala, udinga ukukhipha amafutha enjini. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi iyunithi iqale ifudumale emazingeni okushisa okusebenza (lapho i-fan yokupholisa ivuliwe), bese ipholisa kancane (kufika ku-60-70 degrees). Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuthi uhlanganise i-lubricant futhi ushise uketshezi, okube sekunikeza umbono wokuthi ingakanani ivolumu ye-lubricant enjini yomlilo yangaphakathi.

• Ukukhipha i-lubricant, kwanele ukususa i-dipstick yamafutha, lapho izinga likawoyela linqunywa. Ngemva kokukhipha i-dipstick enjinini, isimo samafutha singahlolwa ngokubonakala kwawo, iphunga nombala, kanye nezinga lokumanzi.
• Uma lingekho iphunga elisolisayo elitholwayo, kufanele ubone iconsi lamafutha liphuma ku-dipstick. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi amafutha ageleza njengamanzi, lokhu akuyona inkomba engcono kakhulu. Njengomthetho, ngokuvamile, i-lubricant kufanele iqoqwe kuqala ibe yiconsi enkulu, emva kwalokho lokhu kudonsa kuzohlukana nobuso benduku, kodwa hhayi ngokushesha.
• Ngokuhambisanayo, kuyadingeka ukuhlola ukubukeka, okusiza ukunquma "ukusha" kwe-lubricant. Isibonelo, uma ubheka phakathi nendawo yeconsi eliqoqiwe, uphenyo kufanele lube lula ukulibona. Kulokhu, amafutha akufanele abe mnyama ngokuphelele, kodwa abe nombala ophuzi ophuzi. Uma kunjalo, umkhiqizo usengasetshenziswa enjinini.

Uma kwenzeka kubonwa ithonsi yamafutha enamafu, umbala wawo usuvele ususondele kumnyama omnyama, ompunga noma omnyama, khona-ke lokhu kubonisa isidingo sokushintshwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi. Kulokhu, akufanele uye ngokushesha enkonzweni noma ushintshe uwoyela ngokwakho, ngoba ngisho noketshezi olumnyama lusengakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi walo isikhathi esithile, kodwa akukhuthazwa ukuthela amafutha anjalo enjini.

Ngamanye amazwi, uma uwoyela wenjini usuphenduke waba mnyama, usengase "usebenze", kodwa ukuvikelwa kwezingxenye kuzoba kuncane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi amafutha angashintsha ngokushesha abe mnyama ngesinye isizathu. Ngokwesibonelo, umshayeli ushayele kuphela 3-4 ayizinkulungwane km ku uwoyela kuqhathaniswa entsha, futhi uwoyela kakade turning black.

Uma kungekho zinkinga ezisobala ngenjini, kwezinye izimo lokhu kuyinkomba enhle, njengoba kubonisa ukuthi i-lubricant iqukethe izithasiselo zokuhlanza ezisebenzayo ezixosha injini ngempumelelo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ubumnyama obunjalo bubonisa ukuthi uhlelo lokugcoba lungcolile futhi ludinga ukushaywa okunamandla.

Lokhu kugungiswa kungenziwa ngamafutha akhethekile ashaywayo noma ngaphambi kokushintshwa. Ungakwazi futhi ukugeza isistimu yokugcoba nge-lubrication base evamile, ukunciphisa izikhathi zokushintsha uwoyela ngo-30-50%.

• Ake sihlole ukuthambisa enjinini. Ngemva kokuhlola okubonwayo okuchazwe ngenhla, lungisa iphepha elingenalutho bese uconsa amafutha kulo (indlela yendawo kawoyela). Khona-ke kufanele ulinde ukuthi yome futhi uhlaziye ibala eliwumphumela.

Naka isimo kanye nokwakheka. Ibala akufanele lidlulele kakhulu, futhi imiphetho kufanele ilingane. Uma izinhlayiya noma ukungcola kubonakala phakathi nendawo yebala, futhi isikhungo ngokwaso simnyama noma esinsundu, khona-ke singasho ukuthi uwoyela wenjini ungcolile futhi unamandla impela.

Ngendlela, izinhlayiya ze-metal shavings zizophinde zibonise ukuba khona kokugqoka okuphawulekayo kwezingxenye enjini yangaphakathi yomlilo. Izinhlayiya ezinjalo kulula ukuzibona uma uzama ukugcoba indawo eyomile eshidini, futhi iqiniso lokubukeka kwabo selivele libhekwa njengesizathu esibucayi sokumisa injini kanye nokuvakasha okuphoqelekile esiteshini sesevisi ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okujulile.

Siyaqaphela futhi ukuthi ukubonakala kwesici “i-halo” emaphethelweni ale ndawo, anombala ompunga okhanyayo noma onsundu, kusitshela ukuthi ukwehla kuqukethe imikhiqizo encibilikayo eyakhiwe ngenxa yezinqubo ze-oxidative nokunye ukusabela kwamakhemikhali ngaphakathi kwenjini. .

Ukubonakala komngcele onjalo kubonisa ukuthi inqubo ye-oxidation kawoyela ingabhekwa ngokwemibandela esigabeni esiphakathi, bese uwoyela uzoguga ngokushesha, okungukuthi, insiza yayo izophela. Ngamanye amazwi, kuhle ukuthi ushintshe i-lubricant esikhathini esizayo esiseduze.

Uyini umugqa waphansi

Njengoba ubona, ukwazi ukuhlola uwoyela wenjini ngokwakho kuvumela ezimweni eziningi ukuhlonza imikhiqizo yomgunyathi ngesikhathi, ukuhlonza ukuhambisana kohlobo oluthile lokuthambisa ngenjini ethile, futhi nokuqonda usuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi i-lubricant ngesikhathi esifanele futhi idinga ukushintshwa.

Okokugcina, siveza ukuthi uma umsebenzi uwukuqhathanisa amafutha ahlukene, kungcono kakhulu ukusebenzisa indlela "ye-oil slick" esimweni ngasinye, emva kwalokho ukuhlaziya okuqhathanisayo kwenziwa. Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuthi ubone umehluko (ukukhanya, umbala, inani lokungcola, izinga le-oxidation, izakhiwo zokuhlanza, njll.).