Ihlola ama-injection kaphethiloli ukusuka ku-A ukuya ku-Z
Okuqukethwe
I-fuel injector idlala indima ebalulekile ekulungiseleleni ingxube yokusebenza kukaphethiloli ngomoya, kokubili ngokokwakheka komthamo, nangokwempahla ebaluleke nakakhulu okwamanje - i-atomization ephezulu. Yilokhu okuthinta kakhulu ikhono lenjini obekungafinyeleleki kulo phambilini mayelana nokusebenza kahle nokuhlanzeka kwe-exhaust.
Umgomo wokusebenza kombhobho womjovo
Njengomthetho, ama-injection kagesi asetshenziswa ezinjini zikaphethiloli, ukusebenza kwawo kususelwa ekulawuleni ukunikezwa kukaphethiloli ngamathonya kagesi akhiqizwe uhlelo lokulawula injini ye-elekthronikhi (ECM).
Umfutho osesimweni se-voltage jump ungena ku-solenoid winding, okubangela ukuthi i-magnetization yenduku etholakala ngaphakathi kwayo kanye nokunyakaza kwayo ngaphakathi kwe-cylindrical winding.
I-valve yesifutho ixhunywe esiqwini ngomshini. I-fuel, esesitimela ngaphansi kwengcindezi elawulwa ngokuqinile, iqala ukugeleza nge-valve ukuya ezindaweni zokuphuma, ihlakazeke kahle futhi ixutshwe nomoya ongena ku-cylinder.
Inani likaphethiloli lomjikelezo owodwa wokusebenza linqunywa isikhathi esiphelele sokuvulwa komjikelezo we-valve.
inani - ngoba i-valve ingavula futhi ivale izikhathi eziningana ngomjikelezo ngamunye. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle kwenjini kungxube ethambile kakhulu.
Isibonelo, inani elincane lengxube ecebile lingasetshenziswa ukuqalisa ukuvutha, bese ingxube encane ingasetshenziswa ukugcina ukuvutha nokuhlinzeka ngomnotho oyifunayo.
Ngakho-ke, i-injector enhle iba iyunithi yezobuchwepheshe, lapho izidingo eziphakeme futhi ngezinye izikhathi eziphikisanayo zibekwe khona.
- Isivinini esikhulu sidinga isisindo esiphansi kanye ne-inertia yezingxenye, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuvala okuthembekile kwe-valve, okuzodinga intwasahlobo yokubuya enamandla ngokwanele. Kodwa-ke, ukuyicindezela, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa umzamo omkhulu, okungukuthi, ukwandisa ubukhulu namandla we-solenoid.
- Kusukela endaweni yokubuka kagesi, isidingo samandla sizokwandisa inductance yekhoyili, okuzokhawulela isivinini.
- I-compact design kanye ne-inductance ephansi izobangela ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kwamanje kwekhoyili, lokhu kuzokwengeza izinkinga ngezihluthulelo ze-electronic ezitholakala ku-ECM.
- Imvamisa yokusebenza okuphezulu nemithwalo eguquguqukayo kuvalvu kwenza ukwakheka kwayo kube nzima, kungqubuzana nokubumbana kwayo nokuqina. Kulokhu, izinqubo ze-hydrodynamic ku-atomizer kufanele zinikeze ukuhlakazeka okufunayo nokuzinza kulo lonke uhla lokushisa.
Ama-injector anesilinganiso sokugeleza esinembile sokwehla kwengcindezi enikeziwe phakathi kukajantshi nobuningi bomthamo. Njengoba i-dosing yenziwa kuphela ngesikhathi esichithwa endaweni evulekile, inani likaphethiloli ojovwe akufanele lincike kunoma yini enye.
Nakuba ukunemba okudingekayo kusengafinyelelwa, futhi i-loop yempendulo isetshenziswa ngokusekelwe kumasiginali wenzwa ye-oxygen epayipini lokukhipha umoya. Kodwa inobubanzi obusebenzayo obuncane, lapho iphuma lapho uhlelo luphazamiseka, futhi i-ECM izobonisa iphutha (Hlola) kudeshibhodi.
Izimpawu zokungasebenzi kahle kwezijovo zenjini kaphethiloli
Kukhona ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-injector okubili okujwayelekile - ukwephulwa kokwakheka komthamo wengxube kanye nokuhlanekezelwa kokuma kwejet ye-spray. Lesi sakamuva siphinde sinciphise izinga lokwakheka kwengxube.
Njengoba ukugcinwa kwekhwalithi yokubunjwa kwengxube lapho uqala injini ebandayo kubaluleke kakhulu, izinkinga ezinama-injection zibonakala ngokucacile kule modi.
I-injector ingakwazi "ukuchichima" lapho i-valve ingakwazi ukubamba ukucindezela kwephethiloli futhi ingxube ecebile kakhulu yenqaba ukuvutha, futhi amakhandlela aphonswa ngophethiloli esigabeni se-liquid. Injini enjalo ayikwazi ukuqaliswa ngaphandle kokuhlanza ngomoya owengeziwe.
Abaqambi baze banikeze imodi ekhethekile yokuvuthela amakhandlela, okudingeka ukucwilisa ngokuphelele i-accelerator pedal bese uvula injini ngesiqalisi, kuyilapho uphethiloli uvinjelwe ngokuphelele. Kodwa ngisho nalokhu ngeke kusize lapho umlomo wombhobho ovaliwe ungabambi ingcindezi.
I-atomization engalungile ingabangela ingxube ethambile. Amandla enjini azokwehla, amandla okusheshisa azokwehla, ama-misfire kumasilinda ngamanye angenzeka, okuzokwenza ukuthi isibani sephaneli yensimbi sikhanyise.
Noma yikuphi ukuphambuka ekubunjweni kwengxube, okuhlanganisa ngenxa ye-homogenization yayo enganele, kuzoholela ekwandeni okukhulu kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli. Akusho ukuthi lokhu kuzosho ingxube ecebile kakhulu, i-lean izothinta ngendlela efanayo, ngoba ukusebenza kahle kwenjini kuzokwehla.
I-detonation ingase yenzeke, izophuma kumbuso wokushisa futhi isiguquli se-catalytic sizowa, ama-pop azovela ku-multifold intake noma i-muffler. Injini izodinga ukuxilonga ngokushesha.
Izindlela zokuhlola umjovo
Uma kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu imishini esetshenziswa ekuxilongweni, lapho ungakwazi ukunquma ngokunembile izimbangela zalokho okwenzekile futhi unikeze izinyathelo ezidingekayo zokuqeda inkinga.
Ukuhlola amandla
Indlela elula yokulawula ama-pulses afika kusixhumi sokujova ukuxhuma inkomba ye-LED kothintana naye wokuhlinzeka.
Lapho i-shaft ijikeleziswa yi-starter, i-LED kufanele icwayize, ekhombisa cishe impilo yezihluthulelo ze-ECM kanye neqiniso lemizamo yayo yokuvula ama-valve, nakuba ama-pulses angenayo angase angabi namandla anele.
I-oscilloscope kuphela nesifanisi somthwalo esinganikeza ulwazi olunembile.
Indlela yokukala ukumelana
Isimo esisebenzayo somthwalo singahlolwa kusetshenziswa i-ohmmeter, eyingxenye ye-multimeter yendawo yonke (umhloli). Ukumelana ne-solenoid winding kuboniswa kudatha yepasipoti ye-nozzle, kanye nokusabalala kwayo.
Ukufundwa kwe-ohmmeter kufanele kuqinisekise ukufana kwedatha. Ukumelana kukalwa ngesixhumi esinqanyuliwe phakathi kokuthintwa kwamandla nekesi.
Kodwa ngaphezu kokumelana, ukuvuthwa kufanele kunikeze isici esidingekayo sekhwalithi kanye nokungabikho kokuphenduka okufushane, okungenakunqunywa ngezindlela ezilula, kodwa isifunda esivulekile noma esiphelele singabalwa.
Ukuhlolwa ezimpambanweni
Uma ususa umhlangano wesitimela ngezimbobo ezivela ezinhlobonhlobo, ungahlola isimo sama-atomizer ngokunembe kakhudlwana. Ngokucwilisa umjovo ngamunye eshubhuni yokuhlola esobala bese uvula isiqalisi, ungabuka ngeso lengqondo i-atomization kaphethiloli.
Amathoshi kumele abe nesimo esilungile se-conical, aqukethe amaconsi kaphethiloli angawodwana kuphela angabonakali emehlweni, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, afana nawo wonke ama-nozzles axhunyiwe. Uma kungekho ama-pulses okulawula, akufanele kube nokukhululwa kukaphethiloli kuma-valve.
Ihlola ama-injection ebhentshini
Ulwazi olunembe kakhulu noluphelele mayelana nesimo sama-atomizer lunganikezwa ngokufakwa okukhethekile. Ama-injection akhishwa enjini futhi afakwe endaweni yokumisa.
Idivayisi inezinhlobo ezimbalwa zokusebenza, enye yazo imodi yokuhlola. Ukufakwa kuqhuba amabhayisikili ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, ukuqoqa uphethiloli owabelwe futhi ukala inani lawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenza kwama-injection kubonakala ngezindonga ezisobala zamasilinda; kungenzeka ukuhlola imingcele yamathoshi.
Umphumela uzoba ukubonakala kwezibalo zokusebenza ngokwehlukana kwedivayisi ngayinye, okumele ihambisane nedatha yepasipoti.
Uyihlanza kanjani into ephakela uphethiloli ngokwakho
Isitendi esifanayo sinomsebenzi wokuhlanza umlomo wombhobho. Kodwa uma uthanda, lokhu kungenziwa egaraji. Kusetshenziswa uketshezi olujwayelekile lokuhlanza kanye nethuluzi elilula elihlanganiswe ngezindlela ezithuthukisiwe.
Ukufakwa kwasekhaya yiphampu kagesi kagesi yemoto efakwe emkhunjini onomshini wokuhlanza umjovo. Ipayipi elisuka empompini lixhunywe endaweni yokungena emlonyeni, futhi isixhumi saso samandla sinikwa amandla ibhethri nge-microswitch yenkinobho yokuphusha.
Ngokushayela ngokuphindaphindiwe uketshezi oluqukethe ama-solvents ediphozithi anamandla nge-atomizer, kungenzeka ukufeza ukubuyiselwa okubalulekile kwezakhiwo ze-spray zedivayisi, okuzocaca ekushintsheni kokuma kwethoshi.
I-nozzle engakwazi ukuhlanzwa kuyodingeka ishintshwe, ukukhubazeka kwayo akuhlali kuhlotshaniswa nokungcola, ukugqwala noma ukugqokwa kwemishini kungenzeka.
Ukuhlanza i-injector ngaphandle kokuyikhipha enjinini
Kungenzeka impela ukuhlanza ama-injection ngaphandle kokuhlakaza ngokuphelele amayunithi womjovo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-liquid yokuhlanza (i-solvent) ivumela injini ukuthi isebenze ngesikhathi senqubo yokuhlanza.
I-solvent ye-sediment inikezwa kusukela ekufakweni okuhlukile, kwemboni noma okwenziwe ekhaya, kuya kumugqa wokucindezela werempu. Ingxube eyeqile ibuyiselwa ethangini lokunikezela ngomugqa wokubuya.
Le ndlela inakho kokubili izinzuzo kanye nebubi. Inzuzo izoba ukonga ekuhlanganiseni nasekuhlakazeni izinqubo, kanye nezindleko ezingenakugwemeka zezinto ezisetshenziswayo kanye nezingxenye. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ezinye izakhi nazo zizohlanzwa, njengama-valve okusabalalisa igesi, umzila wesitimela kanye nomlawuli wokucindezela. Umsizi uzophinde ukhishwe kuma-piston kanye negumbi elivuthayo.
Ukungalungi kuyoba ukungasebenzi okwanele kwesixazululo, okuphoqeleka ukuhlanganisa izakhiwo zokuhlanza nemisebenzi kaphethiloli, kanye nobungozi obuthile benqubo, lapho i-slag egeziwe ihamba ngezakhi zesistimu yamafutha futhi ingena emafutheni. Ngeke kube lula naku-catalyst.
Ukuphazamiseka okwengeziwe kuzophinde kube ukuntuleka kokulawula okubonakalayo phezu komphumela wokuhlanza. Imiphumela ingahlulelwa kuphela ngezimpawu ezingaqondile. Ngakho-ke, le ndlela inganconywa kuphela njengenqubo yokuvimbela ngokushintsha kwamafutha okuphoqelekile enjini.
