Kungani kuzwakala inyosi uma ucindezela ibhuleki nokuthi uyilungisa kanjani

Ngokombono okhona, umoya kuphela ophuma ngaphansi kwengcindezi yokuvuza emishinini yomoya ongakwazi ukuhayiza. Impela amabhuleki amaloli namabhasi amakhulu ahayiza kakhulu ngoba asebenzisa ama-pneumatic actuators, kodwa izimoto zinamabhuleki asebenza ngogesi. Kodwa-ke, kukhona nemithombo yomsindo onjalo, ixhunywe ne-vacuum amplifier.

Izinkinga zokuphefumula

Ukubonakala kwalo msindo kungaba kokubili uphawu lokusebenza okuvamile okujwayelekile kwe-vacuum brake booster (VUT), kanye nokungasebenzi kahle. Umehluko uku-nuances, futhi ukucaciswa kudinga ukuxilonga. Kulula kakhulu, ungakwenza ngokwakho.

Ukusebenza buthule kwe-VUT kuyenzeka, kodwa asikho isidingo sokuthi abathuthukisi bahlale belwela lokhu. Izinyathelo ezivame kakhulu ukuvimbela umsindo ekamelweni lenjini lapho i-amplifier ikhona, kanye nokuphothula umklamo wayo ojwayelekile wokunciphisa umsindo womoya ogeleza ngaphansi kwengcindezi.

Konke lokhu kunyusa izindleko zeyunithi nemoto yonkana, ngakho izimoto ezibhajethi zinelungelo lokuhayiza kancane uma ucindezela amabhuleki.

I-VUT ine-diaphragm enwebekayo eyihlukanisa ibe amagumbi amabili. Enye yazo ingaphansi kwengcindezi yomoya omubi. Kulokhu, i-vacuum eyenzeka endaweni ye-throttle ye-multifold intake isetshenziswa.

Okwesibili, lapho ucindezela i-pedal ngokusebenzisa i-valve yokuvula yokuvula, ithola umoya womkhathi. Umehluko wengcindezi kuyo yonke i-diaphragm kanye nesiqu esixhunywe kuyo kudala amandla engeziwe anezela kulokho okudluliselwa ku-pedal.

Ngenxa yalokho, amandla akhulayo azosetshenziswa ku-piston yesilinda esikhulu se-brake, okuzokwenza kube lula ukucindezela nokusheshisa ukusebenza kwamabhuleki kokubili kumodi yesevisi futhi esimweni esiphuthumayo.

Ukudluliswa okusheshayo kwesisindo somoya ngevalvu ukuya ekamelweni lomkhathi kuzodala umsindo oheyizayo. Ima ngokushesha njengoba ivolumu igcwala futhi ayilona uphawu lokungasebenzi kahle.

Umphumela uphelezelwa "izindleko" zengxenye ye-vacuum ku-amplifier kanye nokwehla kancane kwesivinini okuhambisanayo uma injini isebenza nge-throttle evaliwe. Ingxube izoba ncane kancane ngenxa yokumpompa umthamo omncane womoya osuka ku-VUT uye endaweni eningi. Lokhu kwehla kwenziwa ngokushesha yisilawuli sejubane esingenzi lutho.

Kodwa uma i-hers iyinde ngokungavamile, inomsindo, noma ingashintshi, khona-ke lokhu kuzobonisa ukuba khona kokungasebenzi kahle okuhambisana nokucindezeleka kwamavolumu. Kuzoba nokuvuza komoya okungavamile endaweni eningi, okuzophazamisa ibhalansi yesistimu yokulawula injini.

Lo moya awunakwa yizinzwa zokugeleza, futhi ukufundwa kwenzwa yokucindezela okuphelele kuzodlula imikhawulo evunyelwe kule modi. Ukusabela kwesistimu yokuzihlola kungenzeka ngenkomba yezimo eziphuthumayo ekhanyayo kudeshibhodi, futhi isivinini senjini sizoshintsha ngokungahleliwe, ukuphazamiseka nokudlidliza kuzokwenzeka.

Ungakuthola kanjani ukungasebenzi kahle ohlelweni lwamabhuleki

Indlela yokuxilonga izimbangela zokuhayiza okungavamile ukuhlola i-vacuum amplifier.

• Ukuqina kwe-VUT yikho okwenza ukuthi ikwazi ukwenza imijikelezo eminingi yokukhulisa (ukucindezela i-pedal) noma injini icishiwe. Yilokhu okuhlolwayo.

Kuyadingeka ukumisa injini bese usebenzisa ibhuleki izikhathi eziningana. Bese ushiya i-pedal icindezelekile futhi uqale injini futhi. Ngomzamo oqhubekayo osuka onyaweni, isiteji kufanele sehlise amamilimitha ambalwa, okubonisa usizo lwe-vacuum eye yavela endaweni eningi yokufaka noma ipompo ye-vacuum eqale ukusebenza uma isetshenziswa ezinjinini lapho kungekho vacuum eyanele. ngenxa yomklamo.

• Lalela umhayizo efindo. Uma i-pedal ingacindezelwe, okungukuthi, i-valve ayicushiwe, akufanele kube khona umsindo, kanye nokuvuza komoya ku-manifold.
• Vula ivalve yokuhlola efakwe epayipini le-vacuum ukusuka endaweni eningi kuya emzimbeni we-VUT. Kufanele ivumele umoya ungene ohlangothini olulodwa. Okufanayo kungenziwa ngaphandle kokudiliza ukufakwa nge-valve. Misa injini nge-pedal yebhuleki icindezelekile. I-valve akufanele ivumele umoya uphume ku-multifold, okungukuthi, amandla kuma-pedals ngeke ashintshe.
• Okunye ukungasebenzi kahle, isibonelo, i-VUT diaphragm (imembrane) evuzayo ezimotweni zesimanje, ayikwazi ukulungiswa futhi ihlonzwe ngokwehlukana. I-amplifier enesici kufanele ishintshwe njengenhlangano.

Izinjini esezibaluliwe ezine-vacuum ephansi eninginingi, njengezinjini zikadizili, zinepompo ehlukile yevacuum. Ukusebenza kwayo kuhlolwa ngomsindo ngesikhathi sokusebenza noma ngezinsimbi, kusetshenziswa igeji yokucindezela.

Ukuxazulula izinkinga

Uma uhlelo lwe-boost luhluleka, amabhuleki azosebenza, kodwa ukusebenza kwemoto enjalo akuvunyelwe, lokhu kuyisimo esingaphephile kakhulu.

Ukwenyuka kokumelana kwe-pedal ngendlela engavamile kungaphazamisa ukusabela okusetshenziwe ngisho nomshayeli onolwazi esimweni esivelela esingaba esiphuthumayo, futhi abaqalayo ngeke bakwazi ukusebenzisa ngokugcwele ukusebenza kahle kwesistimu yokubhuleka, ngoba kuzothatha umzamo omkhulu kakhulu ukusebenza. izindlela kuze kube i-ABS ivuliwe.

Ngenxa yalokho, isikhathi sokuphendula i-brake, njengenye yezingxenye zenqubo yokunciphisa isimo esiphuthumayo, sizothinta kakhulu ibanga lokugcina lokuma, lapho yonke imitha kuya kwesithiyo ibalulekile.

Ukulungisa kuhlanganisa ukufaka esikhundleni izingxenye ezibangela ukuvuza komoya okungavamile. Zimbalwa zazo, lena i-vacuum hose enezinsimbi kanye ne-valve yokuhlola, kanye ne-VUT eqoqwe ngokuqondile. Ezinye izindlela zokuthola kabusha azivunyelwe. Ukuthembeka kungaphezu kwakho konke lapha, futhi izingxenye ezintsha kuphela ezijwayelekile ezingakunikeza.

Uma inkinga iku-amplifier, kufanele isuswe futhi ishintshwe ngaphandle kokuthenga izingxenye ezenziwe kabusha noma imikhiqizo eshibhile evela kubakhiqizi abangaziwa.

Iyunithi ilula, kodwa idinga ukusetshenziswa kwezinto eziphezulu kanye nobuchwepheshe bomhlangano obufakazelwe, obungenakufinyelelwa ngokonga kwezindleko.

Kungashiwo okufanayo mayelana nepayipi le-rarefaction. Ukufakwa ku-manifold kumele kuqiniswe ngokuvikelekile ngokuvumelana nobuchwepheshe befekthri, futhi kungaxhunywanga egaraji ngemva kokunqanyulwa ekugugeni.

I-valve ne-vacuum hose isetshenziselwa ngokukhethekile imodeli yemoto, ekhombisa ukuhambisana ngezinombolo eziphambene.

Awekho ama-hoses okulungisa indawo yonke afanelekile, ukuguquguquka okuthile, ukumelana kwamakhemikhali kuma-hydrocarbon vapors, amathonya angaphandle kanye nokushisa, nokuqina kuyadingeka. I-valve ne-hose seals nazo kufanele zishintshwe. Okudingekayo akuyona i-sealant kanye ne-tape kagesi, kodwa izingxenye ezintsha.