Izimpawu zekhanda lesilinda esikhonjiwe

Ikhanda le-cylinder (ikhanda le-cylinder) lingenye yezingxenye eziyinhloko enjini yangaphakathi evuthayo. Lo mhlangano ungabizwa ngokwemibandela ngokuthi ikhava evala isilinda block ukusuka phezulu.

Kodwa-ke, kumayunithi amaningi wamandla wesimanje, inhloso yokusebenza yekhanda le-cylinder ibanzi kakhulu futhi ayikhawulelwe ekuvikeleni okulula. Njengomthetho, amakhandlela, ama-nozzles, ama-valve, i-camshaft nezinye izingxenye zifakwa kuwo.

Futhi ekhanda le-cylinder kuneziteshi zokujikeleza kwe-lubricant kanye ne-coolant. Ikhanda liboshwe ku-cylinder block, futhi i-gasket yokuvala ibekwe phakathi kwabo, inhloso eyinhloko ukuhlukanisa ngokuthembekile amasilinda endaweni yangaphandle kanye nomunye nomunye ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuvuza kwegesi emakamelweni omlilo.

I-cylinder head gasket iphinde ivimbele ukuvuza kwamafutha enjini kanye ne-antifreeze futhi ivimbele uketshezi ukuthi lungahlangani. I-gasket ingaba ithusi eliqinile noma yenziwe ngezingqimba eziningana zensimbi, phakathi kwazo kukhona izingqimba ze-polymer enwebeka kakhulu (elastomer).

Ungathola ama-elastomeric gaskets ohlakeni lwensimbi. Impahla eyinhlanganisela esekelwe ku-asbestos nenjoloba (i-paronite) nayo ivame ukusetshenziswa, kodwa lobu buchwepheshe buvele bubhekwa njengento engasebenzi. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, le ngxenye ingase yonakale.

I-gasket yekhanda elishaywayo ibukeka kanjena

Ukwehlukana akwenzeki kuyaqabukela futhi kusongela ngemiphumela engathandeki kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ngeke kube yinto engafanele ukwazi ukuthi yini eholela kulokhu nokuthi ungenza kanjani esimweni esinjalo.

Kungani ukuwohloka kwenzeka

Ngokuvamile, ukuwohloka kuwumphumela wokufakwa okungalungile kwekhanda noma i-gasket. Ukufakwa nokulungiswa kwekhanda le-cylinder kufanele kwenziwe ngokulandela uhlelo oluqinile ngokuhambisana nemiyalelo yomkhiqizi.

Lapho uqinisa ama-bolts, ukulandelana okuthile kufanele kulandelwe, futhi ukuqinisa kufanele kwenziwe nge-torque ecaciswe kahle. Ezimweni eziningi, ama-bolts ngokwawo awafanele ukusetshenziswa kabusha;

Ukwephulwa kwale mithetho kuholela ekulinganeni okungalingani kwezindawo okumele zihlanganiswe futhi zivuze.Ngezinye izikhathi umkhiqizi uncoma ukuthi amabhawodi aphinde aqiniswe isikhathi esithile ngemva kokuhlanganisa ukuze kunxeshezelwe imiphumela yokushisa nokudlidliza. Ungadebeseleli lesi sincomo.

Ukulingana kungase futhi kungalingani uma izindawo zokukhwelana zigobile, zingcolile noma zineziphambeko - amaqhubu, ama-gouges, ama-scratches. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuhlanganisa, hlola ngokucophelela izindawo zokuhlangana kwe-cylinder block, ikhanda kanye ne-gasket ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi azikho ukungcola nokulimala.

Esinye sezizathu eziyinhloko eziholela ekuqhekekeni kwe-cylinder head gasket ukushisa ngokweqile kwe-motor. Ukushisa injini ngokweqile kungaholela emiphumeleni eminingi emibi, okuhlanganisa ukuguqulwa kwe-gasket kanye nezindawo eziseduze kwayo.

Futhi iyunithi ishisa kakhulu ezimweni eziningi ngenxa yezinkinga ohlelweni lokupholisa - i-thermostat engalungile, iphampu engasebenzi, izinga lokupholisa elinganele (elipholile). Ekugcineni, izinga eliphansi le-gasket ngokwayo lingabangela ukuwohloka kwayo isikhathi esithile ngemva kokufakwa. Ngalokhu, konke kucacile - kungcono ukugwema ukonga ezintweni ezibucayi.

Izimpawu zokuwohloka

Ezinye izimpawu zikhomba ngokucacile umonakalo we-cylinder head gasket, ezinye azibonakali kangako. Nakuba injini ingase iqhubeke igijima kancane isikhathi esithile, kubalulekile ukuthi ungaphuthelwa isikhathi futhi ungalethi isimo endaweni ebucayi.

1. Izimpawu ezisobala zihlanganisa ukuphuma kwamagesi e-exhaust aye ngaphandle kwenjini. Ibonakala ngokubonakalayo futhi imvamisa ihambisana nama-pop anomsindo avela ngaphansi kwe-hood.
2. Uma umonakalo uthinte ukudlula komzila wesistimu yokupholisa, amagesi angangena epholile. I-sething noma igwebu ngokuvamile ibonakala ngokucacile lapho i-cap ye-tank yokwandisa noma i-radiator isuswa (qaphela, uhlelo lungaphansi kwengcindezi!). Ngenxa yokuba khona kwegesi oketshezini, amapayipi esistimu yokupholisa angavuvuka futhi abe nzima.
3. Inqubo yokuhlehla ingenzeka futhi, lapho i-antifreeze igeleza ekamelweni elivuthayo ngokulimala kwe-gasket. Lokhu ngokuvamile kuboniswa intuthu emhlophe evela ku-muffler, engaveli kuphela ngesikhathi sokufudumala kwenjini noma umswakama ophezulu. Ngemva kwesikhashana, ukwehla kwezinga lokupholisa kubonakala. Ukungena kwe-antifreeze kumasilinda nakho kuboniswa ngamakhandlela amanzi noma i-soot esindayo kuwo.
4. Uma amabala anamafutha ebonakala ethangini lokunweba lesistimu yokupholisa, futhi kukhona okokunamathela ngaphakathi kwesivalo sokugcwalisa uwoyela esifana nokhilimu omuncu ophuzi, khona-ke okokupholisa kanye namafutha enjini kuhlangene. Le emulsion ingatholakala naku-dipstick. Futhi cishe isizathu salokhu ukulimala kwe-cylinder head gasket.
   
5. Lapho kuxutshwa uketshezi, into enjalo ebonakala ixaka njengokukhuphuka kwezinga likawoyela kwesinye isikhathi ingabonwa. Kodwa akukho lutho olungavamile ngalokhu, ngoba lapho i-antifreeze ingena ohlelweni lokugcoba, ihlanza amafutha, ikhulise inani layo. Yiqiniso, ikhwalithi ye-lubrication ye-motor iyancipha kakhulu, futhi ukuguga kwezingxenye kuyanda.
6. Njengoba uhlelo lokupholisa luvame ukuthinteka ngesikhathi sokuwohloka kwe-gasket, lokhu kuthinta kabi ukukhishwa kokushisa emotweni futhi izinga lokushisa layo likhuphuka ngokuphawulekayo.
7. Ukusebenza okungazinzile kwenjini, ukukhubeka, ukwehla kwamandla, ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kungabonwa uma ukuhlukaniswa phakathi kwamasilinda kubhujiswa ku-gasket.
   
8. Uma i-cylinder head ifakwe ngokungalungile noma i-gasket ibhobozekile ohlangothini lwayo olungaphandle, ukuvuza noma ukuvuza kungase kuvele enjinini.

Ungahlola kanjani i-cylinder block gasket

Azikho njalo izimpawu ezisobala zokuwohloka kwe-gasket. Kwezinye izimo, ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kuyadingeka. Isibonelo, ukusebenza okungazinzile kanye nokuminza okwenyuka kwenjini kungase kube nemvelaphi ehlukene.

Ukucaca kulesi simo kuzokwenza ukuhlolwa kokucindezela. Uma iseduze ngenani kumasilinda angomakhelwane, kodwa ihluke ngokuphawulekayo kwabanye, khona-ke cishe udonga lwe-gasket phakathi kwamasilinda lonakaliswa.

Lapho amagesi engena ohlelweni lokupholisa ngamanani amancane, amabhamuza ethangini lokunweba ngeke abonakale. Uma ubeka ipulasitiki evaliwe noma isikhwama senjoloba entanyeni (lapha ikhondomu, ekugcineni, yafika kahle!) Futhi qala injini, khona-ke uma kukhona amagesi ku-antifreeze, izofaka kancane kancane.

Okufanele ukwenze lapho i-cylinder head gasket ilimele

Uma kuvela ukuthi i-gasket ibhoboziwe, kufanele ishintshwe ngokushesha. Azikho izinketho lapha. Akubizi kakhulu, yize kuzodingeka ukuthi kukhokhwe okuningi ngomsebenzi wokukufaka esikhundleni, uma kubhekwa ukuthi le nqubo iyinkimbinkimbi futhi idla isikhathi. Kuyinto engathandeki kakhulu ukuqhubeka nokushayela imoto ngegagasi lekhanda lesilinda elibhoboziwe, ngoba inkinga eyodwa kungekudala izodonsa ezinye nayo.

Ukuguqulwa kwekhanda ngenxa yokushisa ngokweqile, ukuphuka kwamapayipi wesistimu yokupholisa, ukugxuma kwenjini - lokhu akulona uhlu oluphelele. Ngokunjalo, izindleko zokulungisa zizokhula. Lapho uthenga, ungazihluphi kakhulu nge-gasket material; inomthelela omncane ekuqineni kwengxenye. Okubaluleke kakhulu izinga lokukhiqizwa kwayo, ngoba wena, yiqiniso, awufuni ukubhekana nenkinga efanayo futhi ngemva kwesikhathi esithile.

Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuthenga i-gasket enegama noma i-analogue yomkhiqizi onokwethenjelwa. Futhi ungakhohlwa ukuthola amabhawodi amasha. I-gasket endala akufanele ifakwe, ngisho noma ingonakalisiwe, ngoba ukuphinda ukukhwabanisa akuqinisekisi uphawu oluthembekile noluqinile.

Uma kukhona ukukhubazeka ezindizeni zokukhwelana ze-cylinder block kanye nekhanda, kuzodingeka zigaywe. Kungcono ukusebenzisa umshini wokunemba okhethekile, nakuba ngokuhlangenwe nakho nokubekezela kungenzeka ukugaya ngesondo lokugaya ngisho ne-sandpaper.

Isendlalelo esisusiwe ngenxa yokugaya kufanele sinxeshezelwe ngokunyuka kwe-gasket. Lokhu kufanele kubhekwe lapho uthenga.

Uma, ngenxa yokuwohloka, i-antifreeze namafutha enjini kuhlanganiswa, kuzodingeka ukuthi usule isistimu yokuthambisa kanye nesistimu yokupholisa bese ubuyisela kokubili abasebenzi. uketshezi.