Kungani isondo lokuqondisa lishaya: izinkinga nezisombululo

Abashayeli abaningi bezimoto baye bahlangabezana nezinsimbi zokushayela. Isiteringi singadlidliza ngezindlela ezahlukene futhi ezimeni ezahlukene - ngesikhathi sokusheshisa noma ukubhuleka, sinyakaza noma uma injini isamile. Ukudlidliza kungavela kwimodi eyodwa futhi kungabi khona ngokuphelele kwenye. Ungazibukeli phansi izimpawu ezinjalo, ngoba akukhona nje ukungakhululeki ezikubangelayo, kodwa futhi nezizathu ezizibangelayo. Izizathu zingase zihluke, ezinye zazo zihlobene nokuphepha kokushayela. Ake sizame ukuthola ukuthi kungani kwenzeka lesi simo nokuthi singabhekana kanjani naso.

Isondo lokuqondisa liyanyakaza uma injini ingenzi lutho

Uma injini ingazinzile, ukudlidliza kwayo kungadlulela esiteringini. Esimweni esilula, kufanelekile ukuzama ukushintsha amakhandlela.

Kodwa kaningi, amabhithi ephini lokugwedla lapho engenzi lutho kungenxa yokuxega noma okulimele imicamelo yeyunithi yamandla, futhi angakhuphuka ekunyakazeni. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ezimotweni ezinamamayela aqinile. Uma injini isusiwe ukuze ilungiswe futhi ngemva kwalokho isondo lokuqondisa laqala ukudlidliza lapho lingenzi lutho, khona-ke udinga ukuhlola ukufakwa okulungile kweyunithi, uqinise ama-fasteners, bese ubuyisela izinsimbi ezigugile.

Enye imbangela engase ibe imbangela yalezi zimpawu ukuguqulwa kwe-steering rack drive shaft noma ukuguga kwengxenye yayo ehlukanisiwe. I-shaft ayikwazi ukulungiswa, ngakho-ke isisombululo kuphela ukuyifaka esikhundleni.

Isondo lokuqondisa liyandindizela ngenkathi ijubane nokushayela

Ukudlidliza kwesondo lokuqondisa ngesikhathi sokusheshisa nangesikhathi sokunyakaza kungabangelwa izizathu eziningi, ezivame ukudlulana. Uphawu luvame ukuvela kolunye uhla lwezivinini bese luyanyamalala kolunye.

1. Kunengqondo ukuqala ukuxilongwa ngendlela elula kakhulu. Amasondo anomoya ongalingani noma angaphansi kwamandla anamandla okwenza isiteringi sinyakaze ngisho nangesivinini esiphansi. Isimo silungiswa ngokufaka umoya amathayi ngokuhambisana nengcindezi ekhonjiswe umenzi.

2. Kodwa ngokuvamile izigebengu ziyizixuku ezingalingani, okuthi lapho isondo lizungeza, libangele ukudlidliza okudluliselwa esiteringini.

Kungaba udaka noma iqhwa, ngakho-ke into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukugeza amasondo kahle, ukunaka okukhethekile ngaphakathi kwawo. Ukuhlanza amasondo kuvame ukulungisa inkinga uma kwenzeka ngesivinini esiphansi.

3. Uma isondo lokuqondisa liqala ukudlidliza ngemva kokulungiswa noma ukushintsha amathayi, khona-ke amasondo cishe ayengalingani kahle. Ukulinganisa kungaphinde kuphazamiseke ngesikhathi sokusebenza uma izinsimbi zokulinganisa ziwile. Lokhu kubonakala ikakhulukazi ngesivinini esimaphakathi nesiphezulu. Inkinga ayikwazi ukushaywa indiva, njengoba amathayi azoguga ngokungalingani, futhi kwezinye izimo, ukulimala kwezakhi zokumiswa kungase kwenzeke. Amasondo amasondo asengozini ikakhulukazi kulesi simo. Ngakho-ke, kuzodingeka uvakashele isitolo samasondo futhi, lapho uzobe ulinganisela usebenzisa isiteji esikhethekile.

4. Ngenxa yomthelela oqinile lapho ushaya umgodi noma unqenqema, amaphutha ngendlela yamaqhubu noma okuthiwa i-hernia angase avele esondo. Yebo, futhi ekuqaleni amathayi angasebenzi awavamile kangako. Kulokhu, ngisho nokulinganisa okuphelele, ama-oscillations azokwenzeka esondweni, okuzozwakala kusondo lokuqondisa. Ngokunokwenzeka, amabhithi azobonakala kuphela kuhlu oluthile olulinganiselwe lwezivinini. Inkinga ixazululwa ngokushintsha amathayi.

5. Uma imoto indizela emgodini, icala angeke ligcine ekulimaleni kwamasondo. Kungenzeka ukuthi i-wheel disk ikhubazekile ngenxa yomthelela. Futhi lokhu kungenza ukuthi isiteringi sishaye ngesikhathi ushayela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokukhuphuka kwejubane lokudlidliza, bangaphinde bathuthele emzimbeni womshini.

I-disk deformation ingenzeka hhayi nje ngenxa yomthelela, kodwa futhi ngenxa yokwehla kokushisa okubukhali. Okokugcina, ungase ube yisisulu sokuthengwa kwemakethe okubi. Ukugoba akubonakali ngaso sonke isikhathi emehlweni. Ngokuvamile, izitolo zamasondo zinemishini ekhethekile ezosiza ukuxazulula inkinga nge-disc ekhubazekile. Kodwa uma ihlanekezelwe kakhulu, kuyodingeka ishintshwe.

6. Uma ufaka amarimu angewona awoqobo, kungase kuvele ukuthi izimbobo eziserimu namabhawudi kuhabhu lamasondo akufani ncamashi. Khona-ke i-disk izolenga kancane, ibangele ukudlidliza okuzokhishwa ngokushaya esiteringini. Isixazululo senkinga singaba ukusetshenziswa kwezindandatho ezikhethekile ze-centering.

7. Amabhawodi amasondo aqiniswe ngokungalungile angabangela nokuvevezela ukuthi kuzwakale ezibambolweni. Ngokuvamile inkinga ayibonakali kakhulu lapho ushayela kancane futhi iqala ukuzibonakalisa ngesivinini esikhulayo. Ngaphambi kokuqinisa ama-bolts namantongomane ngesisekelo se-conical, kuyadingeka ukulenga isondo futhi uqinise ngokulinganayo, ukushintshanisa ama-diameter ahlukene.

Inketho eyingozi kakhulu isondo eliqiniswe ngokunganele. Umphumela ungase ube ukuthi ngomzuzu owodwa ongaphelele isondo livele liwe. Lokhu kungaholela ngisho nangesivinini esilinganiselwe, asikho isidingo sokuchazela noma ubani.

8. Isiteringi singase sithuthumele ngesikhathi ushayela naso ngenxa yokuguga ezindaweni ezahlukene ze-suspension nesiteringi. Ukudlala kwenduku yokubopha kungathinta isivinini esiphansi kakhulu. Izikebhe ezigugile zokuqondisa zizovela emigwaqweni emibi. Futhi amajoyinti e-CV angalungile noma amabhlogo athule ama-lever angaphambili azozenza azizwe ngokushintshana, futhi wonke umzimba wemoto ungadlidliza. Kulesi simo, umuntu akakwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kokuhlakaza nokuhlola ukumiswa, futhi izingxenye ezingalungile zizodinga ukushintshwa.

Ukudlidliza ngesikhathi sokubhuleka

Uma isondo lokuqondisa lidlidliza kuphela ngesikhathi sokubhuleka, khona-ke i-brake disc (isigubhu) noma amaphedi yiwona okungenzeka ukuthi asolwe, kancane kancane indlela yokubhuleka (i-caliper noma i-piston).

I-disk—noma, okungavamile kakhulu, isigubhu—ingasonteka ngenxa yokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa okungazelelwe. Lokhu kungenzeka uma, ngokwesibonelo, idiski eshiselwe ngokweqile ngenxa ye-braking yezimo eziphuthumayo iphola kakhulu lapho isondo lishaya i-puddle yeqhwa.

Indawo yokusebenza ye-disc izoba yi-wavy, futhi ukungqubuzana kwephedi kuzodala ukudlidliza okuzozwakala esondweni lokuqondisa. Ezimweni eziningi, okuwukuphela kwesixazululo senkinga ukushintshwa kwama-brake discs. Uma izinga lokugqoka nokuguqulwa kwediski lincane, ungazama ukwenza i-groove.

Isondo lokuqondisa elidlikizayo akuyona nje into yokungaphatheki kahle. Ezimweni eziningi, kubonisa ukuba khona kwezinkinga ezidinga ukunakwa okuphuthumayo. Uma ungahlehlisi isinqumo sabo unomphela, khona-ke kukhona ithuba elikhulu lokuthi konke kuzobiza ukulungiswa okungabizi kakhulu futhi ngeke kuholele emiphumeleni emibi. Uma kungenjalo, izinkinga zizoba zimbi kakhulu futhi zizoholela kwezinye izinkinga.