ukuphuka kwebhola

ukuphuka kwebhola kungavusa isimo esiphuthumayo lapho isondo lemoto liphumela ngaphandle. Kodwa uma nje iqala ukungqongqoza lapho ihamba, kuhlanganise nesivinini esikhulu, khona-ke imiphumela edabukisayo ingagwenywa. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa kakhulu kumuntu othanda imoto ukwazi zonke izimpawu zokuhluleka kwebhola lemoto, kanye nezindlela zokuzixilonga nokuziqeda.

Izimpawu zejoyinti lebhola eliphukile

Angazi ukuthi unquma kanjani ukuthi i-ball joint iphukile? Impendulo yalo mbuzo ingaba yizimo ezilandelayo nezimpawu zazo, ezivezwe etafuleni:

Izimpawu zejoyinti lebhola eliphukile	Incazelo yophawu kanye nembangela
Ukushaya isondo ngenkathi ushayela, ikakhulukazi lapho ushayela emigodini nokungahambi kahle okuhlukahlukene.	I-clanking kanye nokungqongqoza kungenzeka nganoma yisiphi isivinini. Kuzwakala kahle ikakhulukazi lapho imoto elayishiwe ishayisa imbobo, ingena ngokucijile nge-body roll, noma ibhuleki elibukhali. Kungaba okwesikhathi esisodwa noma kuphindeke ngokwemvelo, ngesikhathi somthwalo ophakeme endaweni ehlangene yebhola. Okuhlukile yisimo lapho okokugcoba okusejoyintini le-CV kubanda ngenkathi ebandayo, kodwa ngemva kokufudumala nokushayela isikhashana, kuyafudumala futhi kume ukungqongqoza.
Izinguquko ezicini zokuqondisa isondo.	Ngokuvamile, isondo ohlangothini lwebhola elihlangene liguge kakhulu "lihlupheka" kakhulu. Izinguquko ezinjalo ekuqondeni kwesondo ngeke zibonakale ngeso, ngakho-ke ukukhomba ukuphuka, kunconywa ukusebenzisa izinsizakalo zesevisi yemoto, lapho benza khona izilinganiso zokuqondisa isondo nokubuyisela. Isibonakaliso esingaqondile sokuwohloka kuleli cala kuzoba "ukudla" kwerabha emaphethelweni esondo.
Imoto "iyanyakaza" emgwaqeni.	Lokhu kuziphatha kubangelwa ukubonakala kokudlala endaweni ehlangene yebhola. Ngenxa yalokho, isondo liyanyakaza futhi imoto ayikwazi ukugcina umgwaqo uqondile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le yaw izokhula njengoba ijubane likhula. Kodwa-ke, ekuqaleni, lesi sibonakaliso sinzima kakhulu ukubamba, ikakhulukazi uma imoto ishayela emigwaqweni emibi (emibi, ephukile).
Creak uma uphenduka.	Kulokhu, sibhekisela emsindweni okhalayo ophuma emasondweni angaphambili. Njengoba imisindo ekhencezayo ingabuye ivele esiteringini samandla noma esiteringini. Ngakho-ke, kulokhu, kungcono ukwenza ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ngokufaka ibhola.
Ukugqokwa okungalingani emathayini angaphambili.	Lapho, ngenxa yokulimala kokuhlangana kwebhola, isondo lokuqondisa aliqondile ngokuqinile, kodwa likwi-engeli endaweni yomgwaqo, bese ngasemaphethelweni alo angaphakathi (lelo eliseduze nenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi) ukunyathela kuyaguga. ngaphezu kwendawo yonke yesondo. Ungamane uhlole lokhu ngokubona ngokuhlola indawo ehambisana nayo yesondo ohlangothini lapho kungqongqoza khona ngenkathi ushayela. Lokhu kungadalwa nokuphuma kwamasondo uma ushayela.
Ngesikhathi sokubhuleka, i-trajectory yemoto iyashintsha.	Uma ushayela uqonde futhi ubhreka, imoto ingase ijike kancane ibheke eceleni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulowo oseceleni lapho i-joint yebhola eyonakele ikhona. Lokhu kudalwa ukuthi elinye lamasondo litshekile kancane, okwenza kube namandla okunyakaza. Ngokuvamile, ukuchofoza kwesici kuzwakala kuvela endaweni lapho kufakwe khona i-ball joint. Njengoba i-braking ikhula, umsindo wokuchofoza ungase ukhuphuke.

Uma kubonakala okungenani eyodwa yezimpawu ezisohlwini zokuhluleka, udinga ukunquma iyunithi engalungile, ukwenza lokhu, ungabheki ibhola kuphela, kodwa futhi nezinye izakhi zokumiswa. Ngokuvamile inkinga ibonakala iyinkimbinkimbi, okungukuthi, kokubili i-joint yebhola nezinye izakhi ze-suspension nokuqondisa zihluleka kancane. Futhi lapho besheshe baxilongwa futhi baqedwa, kuzobiza eshibhile futhi kuphephe futhi kukhululeke ngokwengeziwe ukushayela imoto.

Izimbangela zokungaphumeleli kwebhola

Kunezizathu eziningi ezijwayelekile zokuthi kungani ukuhlangana kwebhola kungasebenziseki. Phakathi kwazo:

• Ukuguga okujwayelekile. Ngokwesilinganiso, ukuhlanganiswa kwebhola kungahlala ukusuka kumakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-20 kuye kweziyi-150. Nokho, uma ingxenye ingaphezulu noma ngaphansi izinga okusezingeni eliphezulu, izinkinga kungase kuqale ngemva kwemoto amakhilomitha angaba yizinkulungwane 100. Ukugqoka kuthonywa izici eziningi - izinga lengxenye, izimo zokusebenza, ukunakekelwa kwengxenye, ukuba khona kokugcoba, ubuqotho bebhuthi, ukushayela ngesivinini esiphezulu emigwaqweni engalingani, ukushintsha okungazelelwe kwezinga lokushisa, ukushayela ngaphandle komgwaqo, kanye njalonjalo.

• Ibhuthi ephukile. Le ngxenye ye-ball joint, cishe, ibhekwa njengento edliwayo, ngakho-ke kuhle ukuthi umnikazi wemoto ahlale eqapha isimo sayo, okungukuthi, ubuqotho bayo. Uma i-boot ilimele, khona-ke umswakama, isihlabathi, ukungcola, nemfucumfucu encane cishe izongena ngaphakathi kwebhola ngenkathi ushayela. Zonke lezi zakhi zizokwakha i-abrasive material ezoguga ngokwemvelo ingaphakathi lesekelo. Ngakho-ke, ama-anthers adabukile kufanele ashintshwe ngesikhathi esifanele kusetshenziswa i-lubricant efanele.
• Imithwalo eyandisiwe. Lokhu kusebenza ngokuyinhloko ekushayeleni imoto ngesivinini esiphezulu emigwaqweni engalingani. Ezimweni ezinjalo, umthelela uyenzeka ezintweni ezihlukene zokulengiswa, okuhlanganisa nokuhlangana kwebhola. Ngokwemvelo, lokhu kuholela ekugqokeni nasekulimaleni. Esinye isimo ukulayisha ngokweqile imoto, okungukuthi, ukuthutha impahla eyeqa isisindo esivumelekile noma esingaphezu kwesisindo esivumelekile. Inketho enzima kakhulu inhlanganisela yokushayela ngokushesha emgwaqeni ongalingani onemoto egcwele kakhulu.

• Ukukhiqizwa kwamafutha. Ikhishwa ebholeni ngezizathu zemvelo - ukomisa, ukuhwamuka. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, uma i-boot yonakalisiwe, i-lubricant ingasuswa ngokushesha ngenxa yezizathu zemvelo, okuzoholela ekugqokeni okwenyuka kokuhlangana kwebhola. Ngakho-ke, kuyasiza ukwengeza amafutha ebhola ngezikhathi ezithile, kuhlanganise nalapho ufaka iyunithi entsha, ngoba abakhiqizi ngokuvamile abashiyi i-lubricant eningi kuma-bearings amasha njengoba kudingwa yimiyalelo ye-automaker. Kunemishini ekhethekile yokwengeza okokugcoba ebholeni. Futhi njenge-lubricant ungasebenzisa amafutha e-lithium (isibonelo, "Litol"), i-ShRB-4 nabanye.

Khumbula ukuthi izimbangela zokuhluleka kwamalungu ebhola aziveli ngobusuku obubodwa. Okuwukuphela kwendawo kungase kube ingxenye yokuqala enesici (isibonelo, ngokuqhekeka emzimbeni), kodwa amathuba alokhu aphansi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuxilonga ibhola futhi esigabeni sokuqala sokuhluleka. Futhi lapho uthenga, kungcono futhi ukuthi ungagxili futhi ukhokhe kancane, ngoba ingxenye ebiza kakhulu, izoba ukumelana kakhulu (ezimweni eziningi). Umehluko wabo omkhulu izinga lempahla, uhlobo kanye nenani lokuthambisa elisetshenzisiwe, kanye namandla aqinile.

Unganquma kanjani ukuthi ibhola liphukile

Kukholakala ukuthi indlela engcono kakhulu yokuhlola ukuhlangana kwebhola ukuya esikhungweni sesevisi yemoto lapho kukhona khona ilifti nendawo efanele. Lapho, ochwepheshe bazokwazi ukukhomba ukwehluleka hhayi kuphela kokuhlanganiswa kwebhola, kodwa nakwezinye izici zokumiswa kwemoto.

Nokho, uma umsebenzi kuphela ukuhlola ibhola, khona-ke lokhu kungenziwa egalaji usebenzisa nje ukufakwa. Hhayi-ke, ngaphandle uma kufiseleka ukuba imoto ipakwe emgodini noma endaweni engaphezulu. Ijoyinti yebhola engalungile ingabonakala ngophawu oluyinhloko - ukushaya kanye nokunyakaza okukhululekile kwephini lebhola lapho kusetshenziswa amandla okukhweza kuwo.

Hlola ngokushesha

Okokuqala, udinga "ukulalela" ukuhlanganiswa kwebhola. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yalokhu kungcono ukuthatha umsizi, okungcono owazi ukuthi umsindo ophukile wenzani futhi ngokuvamile unokuqonda okuthile kwezakhi zokumiswa kwemoto. I-algorithm yokuqinisekisa ilula - umuntu oyedwa unyakazisa imoto ngapha nangapha (eceleni kwe-perpendicular ukunyakaza), kanti owesibili ulalela imisindo ephuma ezintweni ezimisiwe, okungukuthi, kusukela ekuhlanganyeleni kwebhola.

Uma ukunyakazisa okunjalo kungakhiqizi imiphumela, kufanelekile ukushayela imoto ohlangothini lapho ufuna ukuhlola khona ukwesekwa. Khona-ke, ubambe i-pedal ye-brake (lokhu kwenzelwa ukuqeda umdlalo ongase ube khona), zama ukushwiba isondo ngendlela ehambisana nokunyakaza (okungukuthi, kude nawe futhi ubheke kuwe). Uma kukhona imisindo eklabalasayo kanye/noma “engenampilo”, khona-ke kuba nezinkinga ngebhola.

Ukudlala kwebhola eliphukile kuzobhekwa kusetshenziswa i-pry bar. Ngakho-ke, imoto idinga ukugqekezwa, futhi ukuphela okuyisicaba kwentaba kubekwe phakathi kwe-lever ne-axle yokuqondisa. Khona-ke, kuyilapho umuntu oyedwa ephendula kancane kancane isondo lokuqondisa, umuntu wesibili ucindezela ku-pry bar. Uma kukhona ukudlala, kuzozwakala kahle, futhi kubonakale ngisho namehlo. Inqubo efanayo ingenziwa futhi ngaphandle kokuzungeza isondo lokuqondisa, ikakhulukazi uma i-joint yebhola isivele igqoke kakhulu.

Kungenzeka yini ukushayela ngebhola eliphukile

Abathandi abaningi bezimoto ababhekene nenkinga efanayo okokuqala banesithakazelo embuzweni: uma i-joint yebhola ingqongqoza, kungenzeka yini ukushayela ngokuphuka okunjalo? Impendulo incike ezingeni lokugqoka kanye nokulimala kweyunithi ecacisiwe. Uma kusanda kuvela umsindo ongqongqozayo ovela ekuhlanganyeleni kwebhola ngenkathi ushayela futhi imoto "ayishayeli" emgwaqeni, ayinqobi lapho iphenduka, okungukuthi, kunezimpawu zokuqala kuphela, khona-ke ungakwazi ukushayela imoto enjalo. Kodwa-ke, qiniseka ukuthi ijubane lokunyakaza aliphezulu, futhi uzame ukugwema izimbobo nezindawo ezingalingani. Futhi-ke, kusadingeka ucabange ngokulungiswa okuzayo. Phela, ngokushesha lapho ikhiqizwa, izoba eshibhile, okokuqala, futhi okwesibili, imoto ingasebenza ngokuphepha!

Uma ukuwohloka kwe-joint yebhola sekufinyelele izinga lokuthi imoto "ifidget" emgwaqeni futhi ukugoqa kwebhola ngenkathi ushayela kuzwakala ngokucacile, ngakho-ke kungcono ukwenqaba ukusebenzisa imoto enjalo kuze kube yilapho ukulungiswa kwenziwa. ngaphandle. Njengendlela yokugcina, ungayishayela ngesivinini esiphansi futhi ulandele imithetho yokushayela okuphephile esikhungweni sesevisi yemoto noma igaraji, lapho kuzodingeka ushintshe khona (imvamisa i-joint yebhola ayikwazi ukulungiswa futhi ishintshwe kuphela entsha. ).