Kungani i-starter ingavuli ukushisa

Kaningi isiqalo singashisi ngenxa yokuthi lapho kushisa, ama-bushings ayanda kancane ngosayizi, ngenxa yokuthi i-starter shaft ijika noma ayijikelezi nhlobo. futhi izizathu zokuthi i-starter ingaqali ukushisa ukuwohloka koxhumana nabo kagesi ekushiseni, ukungcoliswa komgodi wangaphakathi, ukwephulwa kweqembu lokuxhumana, ukungcoliswa kwe "pyatakov".

Ukuze uxazulule inkinga, udinga ukususa izimbangela ezibaliwe. Kodwa-ke, kunezindlela ezimbalwa "zesintu" lapho ngisho nesiqalisi esigugile singenziwa ukuze sizungeze ngokushisa okukhulu.

Imbangela yokubhidlika	Okufanele ukhiqize
Ukugqoka kwe-Bush	Faka esikhundleni
Ukuwohloka koxhumana nabo	Hlanza, qinisa, gcoba abathintwayo
Ukunciphisa ukumelana nokufakwa kwe-stator/rotor	Hlola ukumelana ne-insulation. Iqedwe ngokufaka indawo yokusonta
Amapuleti okuxhumana ku-solenoid relay	Hlanza noma shintsha amaphedi
Ukungcola nothuli endlini yokuqalisa	Hlanza ingaphakathi elingaphakathi, i-rotor/stator/contact/cover
Ukugqokwa kwebhulashi	Hlanza amabhulashi noma ubuyisele umhlangano webhulashi

Kungani isiqalisi singaphenduki lapho kushisa?

Ukuhlola kokuqala kungenziwa kuphela ngebhethri egcwele ngokugcwele. Uma isiqalisi singakwazi ukuqhuqha injini iye kweshisayo noma iqhuqha kancane kakhulu, ungase ube nebhethri elibuthakathaka.

Kungaba nezizathu ezi-5 zokuthi kungani i-starter ingavuli esishisayo, futhi cishe zonke zivamile ezimotweni ezine-mileage ephezulu.

Ama-bushings okuqala

• Ukwehliswa kwe-bushing clearance. Uma ngesikhathi sokulungiswa okulandelayo kwe-starter bushings noma ama-bearings ane-diameter eyandisiwe kancane afakwe, khona-ke lapho kushisa, izikhala phakathi kwezingxenye ezihambayo ziyancipha, okungaholela ekugangeni kwe-shaft yokuqalisa. Isimo esifanayo siyabonakala lapho izihlahla ezivamile ziguga. Kulokhu, i-rotor warps futhi iqala ukuthinta odonsa unomphela.
• Ukuwohloka koxhumana nabo ekushiseni. Othintana naye omubi (oxekethile) uyazifudumeza ngokwawo, futhi uma lokhu kwenzeka ezingeni lokushisa eliphakeme, khona-ke umthamo onganele odlula kuwo, noma othintana naye angasha ngokuphelele. Ngokuvamile kuba nezinkinga ngocingo olusuka kumshini wokuthungela luye kusiqalisi (ama-oxide) noma umhlabathi ongemuhle ukusuka ebhethrini kuya kusiqalisi. kungase futhi kube nezinkinga eqenjini lokuxhumana leswishi yokuthungela.
• Ukwehliswa kokumelana namawindi. Ngokunyuka kwezinga lokushisa, inani lokumelana le-stator noma i-rotor winding ku-starter lingakwazi ukwehla kakhulu, ikakhulukazi iyunithi isivele indala. Lokhu kungaholela ekwehleni kwamandla e-electromotive, futhi ngokufanele, isiqalisi sizophenduka kabi noma singajiki nhlobo.
• "Pyataki" ku-retractor relay. Okwangempela ku-VAZ- "izimoto zakudala". Ekudluliselweni kwabo kwe-retractor, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okuthiwa "i-pyataks" - othintana nabo abavalayo - bayasha kakhulu. Zizishisa zodwa, njengoba zisetshenziswa, noma kunjalo, emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, ikhwalithi yokuxhumana nayo iyancipha kakhulu.
• I-rotor engcolile. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-armature yokuqalisa iba ngcolile emabhulashini nangenxa yezizathu zemvelo. Ngakho-ke, ukuthinta kwakhe ugesi kuba kubi kakhulu, okuhlanganisa nokuthi anganamathela.

Okufanele ukwenze uma isiqalisi singavuli i-ICE eshisayo

Uma isiqalisi singakwazi ukuvula injini yomlilo yangaphakathi ibe eshisayo, udinga ukuyihlehlisa futhi uyihlole. I-algorithm yokuxilonga izoba kanje:

"Pyataki" retractor edluliselwe

• Hlola bushings. Uma ama-bushings agugile kakhulu futhi kubonakala ukudlala, noma okuphambene nalokho, i-starter shaft ayiphenduki kahle ngenxa yabo, khona-ke ama-bushings kufanele ashintshwe. Lapho uzikhetha, qiniseka ukuthi ucabangela ubukhulu obunconywe umenzi.
• Hlola ukuthintwa kukagesi. Qiniseka ukuthi ubheka konke ukuxhumana kukagesi nezintambo. Uma kukhona othintana nabo abasezingeni eliphansi, baqinise, sebenzisa okokuhlanza. Kufanele kuqashelwe ngokukhethekile othintana nabo "emhlabathini", ku-switch yokushisa kanye netheminali ku-retractor. Kuma-VAZ, ngokuvamile akukho ngxenye yocingo eyanele evela ebhethrini (kokubili ubukhulu kanye nephozithivu) noma ikhebula lamandla elisuka ebhethrini liya kusiqalisi liyabola.
• Hlola i-stator ne-rotor windings. Lokhu kwenziwa kusetshenziswa i-multimeter ye-electronic, ishintshelwe kumodi ye-ohmmeter. Kungcono ukuhlola ezifundeni ezihlukene zenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi, ngokubanda, esimweni esishisayo futhi esishisayo, lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi uqonde ukuthi kuncipha kangakanani inani lokumelana nokushisa. Inani elibalulekile lingu-3,5 ... 10 kOhm. Uma iphansi, khona-ke udinga ukushintsha i-winging noma i-starter ngokwayo.
• Hlola "pyataki". Ukuze wenze lokhu, susa i-solenoid relay kusuka kusiqalisi bese uyihlanza kahle. Uma zishe kakhulu futhi zingenakukwazi ukubuyiselwa, irektara (noma yonke into eqalayo) kufanele ishintshwe. Lena inkinga evamile, kungani i-retractor ingasebenzi endaweni eshisayo.
• Qiniseka ukuthi ihlanzekile ikhava, i-rotor kanye nobuso obungaphandle be-stator yokuqalisa. Uma zingcolile, zidinga ukuhlanzwa. Okokuqala, kufanele usebenzise i-compressor yomoya, bese uhlanza ngebhulashi futhi, esigabeni sokugcina, nge-sandpaper (400th noma 800th).

Njengoba zonke lezi zinqubo zithatha isikhathi ukususa nokuhlakaza umhlangano, izindlela zokuqala eziphuthumayo zizosiza ukuphuma esimweni futhi zisaqala i-ICE eshisayo ngenkinga enjalo yokuqala.

Ungayiqala kanjani injini yomlilo yangaphakathi uma isiqalisi singaqali ukushisa

Uma isiqalisi singashisi, kodwa udinga ukuhamba, kunezindlela ezimbalwa eziphuthumayo zokuqalisa isiqalisi. Zihlanganisa ukuvalwa okuphoqelekile koxhumana nabo be-starter ngokuqondile, ngokudlula umjikelezo wokushintsha ukushisa. Bazosebenza kuphela uma kunezinkinga nge-retractor, othintana nabo kanye nokuguga okuncane kwe-bushings; ngezinye izizathu, kuzodingeka ulinde ukuthi kuphole.

Indawo yamatheminali okuqala

Eyokuqala, futhi evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu, ukuvala oxhumana nabo nge-screwdriver noma enye into yensimbi. Uma ukhanyisa, vele uvale abathintwayo kundlu yokuqala. Oxhumana nabo batholakala ngaphandle kwendlu yokuqalisa, izintambo zilingana kubo. Udinga ukuvala itheminali ebhethrini (intambo yamandla, +12 Volts) kanye netheminali yokuqala yesiqalisi senjini. Awukwazi ukuthinta itheminali yokuthungela, njengoba nje ungakwazi ukufinyeza u-+12 V ukuya endaweni yokuqala!

Indlela yesibili ihilela ukulungiswa kokuqala, isetshenziswa lapho inkinga yaziwa, kodwa alikho ithuba noma isifiso sokubhekana nayo. Ikhebula elinezintambo ezimbili kanye nenkinobho kagesi evame ukuvuleka kungasetshenziswa. Xhuma izintambo ezimbili ekugcineni kocingo koxhumana nabo bokuqala, emva kwalokho babeka ikhebula endaweni yenjini ukuze omunye umkhawulo uphume endaweni ethile ngaphansi kwe "torpedo" kuphaneli yokulawula. Xhuma ezinye iziphetho ezimbili enkinobho. Ngosizo lwayo, ngemuva kokuvula ukuthungela, ungavala ukude oxhumana nabo besiqalisi ukuze uyiqale.

isiphetho

I-starter, ngaphambi kokuthi isheshe ihluleke ngokuphelele, iqala ukungavuli injini yomlilo yangaphakathi kwenye eshisayo. Futhi, izinkinga zokuqala zingenzeka ngezintambo ezibuthakathaka kanye noxhumana nabo. Ngakho-ke, ukuze ungabi sesimweni esinjalo esingathandeki, udinga ukumlandela kanye ne-wiring yakhe.