Ungayihlola kanjani inzwa yokungqongqoza
Okuqukethwe
Umbuzo uwukuthi indlela yokuhlola inzwa yokushaya (ngemuva kwalokhu DD), ukhathaza abashayeli abaningi bezimoto, okungukuthi, labo abaye bahlangabezana namaphutha e-DD. Eqinisweni, kunezindlela ezimbili eziyisisekelo zokuhlola - ngomshini nokusebenzisa i-multimeter. Ukukhethwa kwendlela eyodwa noma enye kuncike, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ohlotsheni lwenzwa; ziyi-resonant kanye ne-broadband. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, i-algorithm yabo yokuqinisekisa izohluka. Kuzinzwa, usebenzisa i-multimeter, kala inani lokushintsha ukumelana noma i-voltage. isheke esengeziwe nge-oscilloscope kungenzeka, okuvumela ukuthi ubheke ngokuningiliziwe inqubo yokuqalisa inzwa.
Idivayisi nenqubo yokusebenza kwenzwa engqongqozayo
Idivayisi yenzwa yokushaya i-resonant
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezinzwa zokungqongqoza - i-resonant ne-broadband. Ama-resonant okwamanje abhekwa njengasephelelwe yisikhathi (avame ukubizwa ngokuthi "amadala") futhi awasetshenziswa ezimotweni ezintsha. Zinokuxhumana okukodwa kokuphumayo futhi zime njengomphongolo. Inzwa ye-resonant icushwe imvamisa ethile yomsindo, ehambisana nokuqhuma okuncane enjini yomlilo yangaphakathi (i-fuel detonation). Kodwa-ke, injini ngayinye evuthayo yangaphakathi, le mvamisa ihlukile, ngoba incike kumklamo wayo, ububanzi be-piston, njalonjalo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-broadband knock sensor, ngakolunye uhlangothi, inikeza ulwazi mayelana nemisindo enjinini evuthayo yangaphakathi ebangeni elisuka ku-6 Hz ukuya ku-15 kHz (cishe, lingase lihluke ezinzwa ezahlukene). Okungukuthi, i-ECU isivele inquma ukuthi umsindo othile uyi-microexplosion noma cha. Inzwa enjalo inemiphumela emibili futhi ivame ukufakwa ezimotweni zanamuhla.
Izinhlobo ezimbili zezinzwa
Isisekelo sokuklanywa kwe-broadband knock sensor yisici se-piezoelectric, esiguqula isenzo somshini esibekwe kuso sibe amandla kagesi anemingcele ethile (imvamisa, i-voltage eguqukayo enikezwa iyunithi yokulawula ye-elekthronikhi yenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi, i-ECU ngokuvamile ukufunda). okuthiwa i-agent yokulinganisa iphinde ifakwe ekwakhiweni kwenzwa, okudingekayo ukwandisa umphumela wemishini.
Inzwa ye-broadband inokuxhumana okubili kokuphumayo, okuthi, empeleni, i-voltage elinganisiwe ihlinzekwa kusuka kusici se-piezoelectric. Inani lale voltage linikezwa ikhompuyutha futhi, ngokusekelwe kulo, iyunithi yokulawula inquma ukuthi i-detonation iyenzeka ngalesi sikhathi noma cha. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, kungase kwenzeke iphutha lenzwa, i-ECU eyazisa ngayo umshayeli ngokuvula isibani sesexwayiso se-Check Engine kudeshibhodi. Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyisisekelo zokuhlola inzwa yokungqongqoza, futhi lokhu kungenziwa kokubili ngokudilizwa kwayo futhi ngaphandle kokukhipha inzwa endaweni yayo yokufaka esivimbeni senjini.
Isilinganiso samandla kagesi
Kusebenza kahle kakhulu ukuhlola inzwa yokungqongqoza ye-ICE nge-multimeter (elinye igama isihloli sikagesi, kungaba ngogesi noma ngomshini). Lokhu kuhlola kungenziwa ngokususa inzwa esihlalweni noma ngokuyibheka khona lapho, noma kunjalo, kuzoba lula kakhulu ukusebenza ngokuyidiliza. Ngakho-ke, ukuze uhlole, udinga ukubeka i-multimeter kumodi yokulinganisa ye-voltage eqondile (DC) ebangeni elicishe libe ngu-200 mV (noma ngaphansi). Ngemuva kwalokho, xhuma ama-probes wedivayisi kumatheminali kagesi wenzwa. Zama ukwenza othintana naye omuhle, njengoba izinga lokuhlolwa lizoxhomeka kulokhu, ngoba amanye ama-multimeters aphansi (ashibhile) angase angaboni ushintsho oluncane ku-voltage!
khona-ke udinga ukuthatha i-screwdriver (noma enye into eqinile ye-cylindrical) bese uyifaka emgodini ophakathi wenzwa, bese wenza isenzo sokuphuka ukuze kuvele amandla endongeni yensimbi yangaphakathi (ungaweqisi, indlu yezinzwa iyipulasitiki futhi ingase iqhekeke!). Kulokhu, udinga ukunaka ukufundwa kwe-multimeter. Ngaphandle kwesenzo somshini kunzwa yokungqongqoza, inani le-voltage elisuka kuyo lizoba nguziro. Futhi njengoba amandla asetshenziswa kuyo enyuka, i-voltage ephumayo nayo izokhula. Kuzinzwa ezihlukene, kungase kuhluke, kodwa ngokuvamile inani lisuka ku-zero liye ku-20 ... 30 mV ngomzamo womzimba omncane noma ophakathi.
Inqubo efanayo ingenziwa ngaphandle kokudiliza inzwa esihlalweni sayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukunqamula othintana nabo (chip) futhi ngokufanayo uxhume ama-multimeter probes kubo (futhi unikeze othintana nabo bekhwalithi ephezulu). khona-ke, ngosizo lwanoma iyiphi into, cindezela kuyo noma ungqongqoze ngento yensimbi eduze nendawo lapho ifakwe khona. Kulokhu, inani le-voltage ku-multimeter kufanele likhuphuke njengoba amandla asetshenzisiwe akhula. Uma ngesikhathi sokuhlola okunjalo inani le-voltage okukhiphayo lingashintshi, cishe inzwa ayisebenzi futhi kufanele ishintshwe (lawa ma-node awakwazi ukulungiswa). Nokho, kufanelekile ukwenza isheke elengeziwe.
futhi, inani le-voltage ephumayo evela ku-knock sensor ingabhekwa ngokuyibeka endaweni ethile yensimbi (noma enye, kodwa ukuze iqhube kahle amaza omsindo, okungukuthi, iqhume) futhi iyishaye ngenye into yensimbi ku. ukusondelana nenzwa (qaphela ukuthi ungalimazi idivayisi!). Inzwa esebenzayo kufanele iphendule kulokhu ngokushintsha i-voltage yokuphuma, ezoboniswa ngokuqondile esikrinini se-multimeter.
Ngokufanayo, ungabheka inzwa yokungqongqoza ezwakalayo ("endala"). Ngokuvamile, inqubo iyafana, udinga ukuxhuma i-probe eyodwa kothintana naye okukhiphayo, kanti eyesibili emzimbeni wayo ("umhlabathi"). Ngemuva kwalokho, udinga ukushaya umzimba wezinzwa ngesikrufu noma enye into esindayo. Uma idivayisi isebenza, inani le-voltage yokuphuma esikrinini se-multimeter izoshintsha isikhathi esifushane. Uma kungenjalo, cishe, inzwa ayisebenzi. Kodwa-ke, kufanelekile ukuhlola ukumelana kwayo ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba ukwehla kwamandla kagesi kungase kube kuncane kakhulu, futhi amanye ama-multimeters angase angayibambi.
Kukhona izinzwa ezinoxhumana nabo abaphumayo (ama-output chips). Ukuzihlola kwenziwa ngendlela efanayo, ngoba lokhu udinga ukukala inani le-voltage yokuphuma phakathi koxhumana nabo ababili. Kuye ngomklamo wenjini ethile yangaphakathi evuthayo, inzwa kufanele ihlakazwe ngalokhu noma ingabhekwa khona lapho.
Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ngemva komthelela, i-voltage ephumayo eyengeziwe kufanele ibuyele kunani layo langempela. Ezinye izinzwa zokugoqa ezinephutha, uma zicushiwe (zishaye noma eduze kwazo), ziyalikhuphula inani le-voltage ephumayo, kodwa inkinga ukuthi ngemuva kokuchayeka kuzo, i-voltage ihlala iphezulu. Ingozi yalesi simo ukuthi i-ECU ayihloli ukuthi inzwa inephutha futhi ayikucuphi ukukhanya kwe-Check Engine. Kodwa empeleni, ngokuhambisana nolwazi oluvela ku-sensor, iyunithi yokulawula ishintsha i-angle yokuthungela futhi injini yomlilo yangaphakathi ingasebenza ngemodi engalungile yemoto, okungukuthi, ngokushisa sekwephuzile. Lokhu kungazibonakalisa ngokwanda kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, ukulahlekelwa ukusebenza okuguquguqukayo, izinkinga lapho uqala injini yomlilo yangaphakathi (ikakhulukazi emakhazeni) nezinye izinkinga ezincane. Ukwephulwa okunjalo kungabangelwa izizathu ezihlukahlukene, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kunzima kakhulu ukuqonda ukuthi kubangelwa ngokuqondile ukusebenza okungalungile kwenzwa yokungqongqoza.
Isilinganiso sokumelana
Izinzwa ze-Knock, zombili ezine-resonant ne-broadband, zingahlolwa ngokulinganisa ukuguqulwa kokumelana kwangaphakathi kwimodi eguquguqukayo, okungukuthi, phakathi nokusebenza kwazo. Inqubo yokulinganisa nezimo zifana ngokuphelele nesilinganiso sikagesi esichazwe ngenhla.
Umehluko kuphela ukuthi i-multimeter ivuliwe hhayi kumodi yokulinganisa i-voltage, kodwa kumodi yokulinganisa inani lokumelana kagesi. Ibanga lokulinganisa lifika cishe ku-1000 ohms (1 kOhm). Esimeni esizolile (esingaqhumi), amanani okumelana nogesi azoba cishe ama-400 ... 500 Ohms (inani eliqondile lizohluka kuzo zonke izinzwa, ngisho nalezo ezifanayo ngemodeli). Ukulinganiswa kwezinzwa ze-wideband kumele kwenziwe ngokuxhuma ama-multimeter probes kumkhondo wezinzwa. bese ungqongqoza inzwa ngokwayo noma eduze kwayo (endaweni yokunamathiselwe kwayo enjini yangaphakathi yomlilo, noma, uma idilizwa, uyibeke endaweni yensimbi bese uyishaya). Ngesikhathi esifanayo, qapha ngokucophelela ukufundwa komhloli. Ngesikhathi sokungqongqoza, inani lokumelana lizokhuphuka kafushane futhi libuyele emuva. Ngokuvamile, ukumelana kukhula ku-1 ... 2 kOhm.
Njengasendabeni yokulinganisa i-voltage, udinga ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi inani lokumelana libuyela enanini lalo langempela, futhi aliqandi. Uma lokhu kungenzeki futhi ukumelana kuhlala kuphakeme, khona-ke inzwa yokungqongqoza inephutha futhi kufanele ishintshwe.
Ngokuqondene nezinzwa eziguquguqukayo ze-resonant, ukukalwa kokumelana kwazo kuyafana. I-probe eyodwa kufanele ixhunywe kutheminali yokukhiphayo, kanti enye endaweni yokukhweza okokufaka. Qiniseka ukuthi unikeza othintana naye wekhwalithi! khona-ke, nge-wrench noma isando esincane, udinga ukushaya kancane umzimba wezinzwa ("umgqomo" wayo) futhi ngokuhambisana ubheke ukufundwa komhloli. Kufanele bakhule futhi babuyele kumanani abo okuqala.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi abanye oomakhenikha bezimoto babheka ukulinganisa inani lokumelana njengento ebaluleke kakhulu kunokulinganisa inani le-voltage lapho bexilonga inzwa yokugoqa. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ukuguqulwa kwe-voltage ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenzwa kuncane kakhulu futhi kufana namamilivolthi ambalwa ngokoqobo, kuyilapho ukuguqulwa kwenani lokumelana kukalwa ngama-ohms aphelele. Ngakho-ke, akuwona wonke ama-multimeter akwazi ukurekhoda ukwehla kwe-voltage encane kangaka, kodwa cishe noma yikuphi ukuguqulwa kokumelana. Kodwa, ngokuvamile, akunandaba futhi ungenza izivivinyo ezimbili ochungechungeni.
Ihlola inzwa yokungqongqoza kubhlokhi kagesi
Kukhona futhi indlela eyodwa yokuhlola inzwa yokungqongqoza ngaphandle kokuyisusa esihlalweni sayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukusebenzisa ipulaki ye-ECU. Nokho, inkimbinkimbi yaleli sheke ukuthi udinga ukwazi ukuthi yiziphi izisekelo kubhlokhi ezihambisana nenzwa, ngoba imodeli yemoto ngayinye inomjikelezo kagesi ngamunye. Ngakho-ke, le mininingwane (iphinikhodi kanye / noma inombolo yephedi) idinga ukucaciswa okwengeziwe kumanuwali noma ezinsizeni ezikhethekile ku-inthanethi.
Udinga ukuxhuma kuzikhonkwane ezaziwayo kubhulokhi
Ingqikithi yokuhlolwa ukukala inani lamasiginali anikezwe inzwa, kanye nokuhlola ubuqotho besekethe kagesi / yesignali kuyunithi yokulawula. Ukuze wenze lokhu, okokuqala, udinga ukususa ibhulokhi kuyunithi yokulawula injini. Ku-block udinga ukuthola othintana nabo ababili oyifunayo okudingeka uxhume kuzo ama-multimeter probes (uma ama-probes engalingani, ungasebenzisa "izintambo zokunweba" ngendlela yezintambo eziguquguqukayo, into esemqoka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuxhumana okuhle nokunamandla). Edivayisini ngokwayo, udinga ukunika amandla imodi yokulinganisa i-voltage eqondile enomkhawulo we-200 mV. ke, ngokufanayo nendlela echazwe ngenhla, udinga ukungqongqoza endaweni ethile eduze kwenzwa. Kulesi simo, esikrinini sedivayisi yokulinganisa, kuzokwazi ukubona ukuthi inani le-voltage yokuphuma lishintsha ngokuzumayo. Inzuzo eyengeziwe yokusebenzisa le ndlela yukuthi uma kutholakala ukuguqulwa kwe-voltage, khona-ke i-wiring esuka ku-ECU kuya ku-sensor iqinisekisiwe ukuthi iphelele (akukho ukuphuka noma ukulimala kokufakwayo), futhi othintana nabo bahlelekile.
Kuyafaneleka futhi ukuhlola isimo se-braid evikelayo yesiginali / intambo yamandla evela kukhompyutha iye kwinzwa yokungqongqoza. Iqiniso liwukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi noma ngaphansi kwethonya lemishini, lingalimala, futhi ukusebenza kwalo, ngokufanele, kuzokwehla. Ngakho-ke, ama-harmonics angase avele ezintanjeni, ezingakhiqizi inzwa, kodwa avele ngaphansi kwethonya lamasimu kagesi namagnetic angaphandle. Futhi lokhu kungaholela ekwamukelweni kwezinqumo ezingamanga yiyunithi yokulawula, ngokulandelana, injini yomlilo yangaphakathi ngeke isebenze kumodi elungile.
Sicela uqaphele ukuthi izindlela ezichazwe ngenhla ngezilinganiso ze-voltage nokumelana zibonisa kuphela ukuthi inzwa iyasebenza. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, akukona ukuba khona kwalokhu kugxuma okubalulekile, kodwa imingcele yabo eyengeziwe.
Ungawubona kanjani umehluko usebenzisa isithwebuli sokuxilonga
Esimeni lapho izimpawu zokuhluleka kwenzwa yokugoqa zibonwa futhi ukukhanya kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi kuvuliwe, kulula kancane ukuthola ukuthi siyini isizathu, kwanele ukufunda ikhodi yephutha. Uma kunezinkinga kumjikelezo wayo wamandla, iphutha elithi P0325 lilungisiwe, futhi uma ucingo lwesignali lonakele, i-P0332. Uma izintambo zezinzwa zifinyeziwe noma ukuqiniswa kwayo kuphansi, amanye amakhodi angasethwa. Futhi ukuze uthole, kwanele ukuba nesithwebuli se-Chinese sokuxilonga esine-8-bit chip kanye nokuhambisana nemoto (okungase kungabi njalo njalo).
Lapho kukhona ukuqhunyiswa, ukwehla kwamandla, ukusebenza okungazinzile ngesikhathi sokusheshisa, khona-ke kungenzeka ukunquma ukuthi izinkinga ezinjalo zavela ngempela ngenxa yokuwohloka kwe-DD kuphela ngosizo lwesithwebuli se-OBD-II esikwazi ukufunda ukusebenza. yezinzwa zesistimu ngesikhathi sangempela. Inketho enhle yomsebenzi onjalo Skena Ithuluzi Pro Black Edition.
Lapho uhlola ukusebenza kwenzwa yokugoqa ngesithwebuli, udinga ukubheka izinkomba mayelana nokungafihli kahle, ubude bomjovo, isivinini senjini, izinga lokushisa layo, i-voltage yenzwa kanye nesikhathi sokuthungela. Ngokuqhathanisa le datha naleyo okufanele ibe semotweni ekwazi ukuseviswa, kungenzeka wenze isiphetho sokuthi i-ECU iyayishintsha i-engeli futhi iyibeke sekwephuzile kuzo zonke izindlela zokusebenza ze-ICE. I-UOZ iyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi imodi yokusebenza, uphethiloli osetshenzisiwe, injini yomlilo yangaphakathi yemoto, kodwa umbandela oyinhloko ukuthi akufanele ibe nokugxuma okubukhali.
I-UOS ayisebenzi
UOZ at 2000 rpm
Ihlola inzwa yokushaya nge-oscilloscope
Kukhona futhi indlela eyodwa yokuhlola i-DD - usebenzisa i-oscilloscope. Kulokhu, akunakwenzeka ukuthi kuzokwazi ukuhlola ukusebenza ngaphandle kokudilizwa, ngoba ngokuvamile i-oscilloscope iyithuluzi elimile futhi akufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuliyisa egaraji. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukususa inzwa yokungqongqoza enjinini yomlilo yangaphakathi akunzima kakhulu futhi kuthatha imizuzu embalwa.
Isheke kuleli cala lifana nalawo achazwe ngenhla. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuxhuma ama-oscilloscope probes emiphumeleni yezinzwa ehambisanayo (kulula kakhulu ukuhlola i-broadband, inzwa yokuphuma kabili). ngokuqhubekayo, ngemva kokukhetha imodi yokusebenza ye-oscilloscope, ungayisebenzisa ukuze ubheke ukuma kwe-amplitude yesignali evela kunzwa etholiwe. Kumodi ethulile, kuzoba umugqa oqondile. Kodwa uma ukushaqeka kwemishini kusetshenziselwa inzwa (engaqinile kakhulu, ukuze ingalimazi), khona-ke esikhundleni somugqa oqondile, idivayisi izobonisa ukuqhuma. Futhi lapho igalelo linamandla, i-amplitude inkulu.
Ngokwemvelo, uma i-amplitude yesiginali ingashintshi ngesikhathi somthelela, khona-ke kungenzeka ukuthi inzwa ayisebenzi. Kodwa-ke, kungcono ukuyixilonga ngaphezu kwalokho ngokulinganisa i-voltage ephumayo nokumelana. khumbula futhi ukuthi i-amplitude spike kufanele ibe yesikhashana, emva kwalokho i-amplitude iyancipha ibe yi-zero (kuzoba nomugqa oqondile esikrinini se-oscilloscope).
Udinga ukunaka ukuma kwesiginali evela kunzwa
Kodwa-ke, noma ngabe inzwa yokungqongqoza yasebenza futhi yanikeza uhlobo oluthile lwesignali, khona-ke ku-oscilloscope udinga ukutadisha ngokucophelela ukuma kwayo. Okufanelekile, kufanele kube ngendlela yenaliti ewugqinsi enomkhawulo owodwa obukhali, ophinyisiwe, futhi ingaphambili (izinhlangothi) lokufafaza kufanele libe bushelelezi, ngaphandle kwamanotshi. Uma isithombe sinje, khona-ke inzwa ihlelekile kahle. Uma i-pulse ineziqongo eziningana, futhi izinhlangothi zayo zinezinotshi, kungcono ukushintsha inzwa enjalo. Iqiniso liwukuthi, cishe, isici se-piezoelectric sesivele sidala kakhulu futhi sikhiqiza isignali engalungile. Phela, le ngxenye ebucayi yenzwa kancane kancane ihluleka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi ngaphansi kwethonya lokudlidliza kanye nokushisa okuphezulu.
Ngakho-ke, ukuxilongwa kwenzwa yokungqongqoza nge-oscilloscope iyona ethembeke kakhulu futhi ephelele, enikeza isithombe esinemininingwane eminingi yesimo sobuchwepheshe sedivayisi.
Ungayihlola kanjani i-DD
Kukhona futhi indlela eyodwa, elula, yokuhlola inzwa yokushaya. Kulele eqinisweni lokuthi lapho injini evuthayo yangaphakathi ihamba ngesivinini esingaba ngu-2000 rpm noma ngaphezulu kancane, isebenzisa isikrufu noma isando esincane, ishaya ndawana thize eduze kwenzwa (nokho-ke, akufanelekile). ukushaya ngqo ku-cylinder block, ukuze ungalimazi). Inzwa ibona lo mthelela njengokuqhunyiswa bese idlulisela ulwazi oluhambisanayo ku-ECU. Iyunithi yokulawula, yona, inciphisa isivinini senjini evuthayo yangaphakathi, ezwakala kalula ngendlebe. Nokho, khumbula lokho le ndlela yokuqinisekisa ayisebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi! Ngakho-ke, uma esimweni esinjalo isivinini sehlile, khona-ke inzwa ihlelekile futhi ukuqinisekiswa okwengeziwe kungashiywa. Kodwa uma ijubane lihlala lisezingeni elifanayo, udinga ukwenza ukuxilongwa okwengeziwe usebenzisa enye yezindlela ezingenhla.
Kwezinye izimoto, i-algorithm yenzwa yokugoqa ihlotshaniswa nolwazi mayelana nokuma kwe-crankshaft. Okungukuthi, i-DD ayisebenzi njalo, kodwa kuphela lapho i-crankshaft isesimweni esithile. Ngezinye izikhathi lesi simiso sokusebenza siholela ezinkingeni ekuhloleni isimo senzwa. Lesi esinye sezizathu ezenza ukuthi ama-RPM angawi angenzi lutho ngenxa nje yokuthi inzwa ishayiwe noma eduze kwayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-ECU yenza isinqumo mayelana nokuqhunyiswa okwenzeke, hhayi nje ngokusekelwe kolwazi oluvela ku-sensor, kodwa futhi kucatshangelwa izici ezengeziwe zangaphandle, njengokushisa kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi, isivinini sayo, isivinini semoto, kanye ne- abanye abanye. Konke lokhu kufakwe ezinhlelweni esebenza ngazo i-ECU.
Ezimweni ezinjalo, ungabheka inzwa yokungqongqoza kanje ... Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga i-stroboscope, ukuze uyisebenzise enjinini egijimayo ukuze ufinyelele indawo "emile" yebhande lesikhathi. Kukule ndawo lapho inzwa icushwa khona. khona-ke nge-wrench noma isando (ukuze kube lula futhi ukuze ungalimazi inzwa, ungasebenzisa induku yokhuni) ukuze usebenzise ukushaya okuncane kwenzwa. Uma i-DD isebenza, ibhande lizonyakaza kancane. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, inzwa cishe inephutha, ukuxilongwa okwengeziwe kufanele kwenziwe (isilinganiso se-voltage nokumelana, ukuba khona kwesifunda esifushane).
futhi kwezinye izimoto zesimanje kukhona okuthiwa "inzwa yomgwaqo engalungile", esebenza ngokuhambisana nenzwa yokungqongqoza futhi, ngaphansi kwesimo sokuthi imoto inyakaza kakhulu, yenza kube nokwenzeka ukungabandakanyi amaphuzu angamanga we-DD. Okusho ukuthi, ngamasiginali athile asuka kunzwa yomgwaqo emaholoholo, iyunithi yokulawula ye-ICE iziba izimpendulo ezivela kunzwa yokugoqa ngokuya nge-algorithm ethile.
Ngaphezu kwe-piezoelectric element, kune-resistor ku-knock sensor housing. Kwezinye izimo, kungase kuhluleke (kushise, isibonelo, kusuka ekushiseni okuphezulu noma ekufakweni okungalungile embonini). Iyunithi yokulawula ye-elekthronikhi izobona lokhu njengokunqamuka kwentambo noma ukujikeleza okufushane kusekethe. Ngokwethiyori, lesi simo singalungiswa ngokusondeza i-resistor enezici ezifanayo zobuchwepheshe eduze nekhompyutha. Omunye othintana naye kufanele athengiswe kumongo wesignali, futhi owesibili abe phansi. Kodwa-ke, inkinga kuleli cala ukuthi amanani okumelana we-resistor awaziwa njalo, futhi i-soldering ayilula kakhulu, uma kungenakwenzeka. Ngakho-ke, indlela elula ukuthenga inzwa entsha futhi uyifake esikhundleni sedivayisi ehlulekile. futhi ngokuthengisa ukumelana okwengeziwe, ungashintsha ukufundwa kwenzwa bese ufaka i-analogue esuka kwenye imoto esikhundleni sedivayisi enconywe umenzi. Kodwa-ke, njengoba umkhuba ubonisa, kungcono ukungahlanganyeli emisebenzini enjalo ye-amateur!
Umphumela wokugcina
Ekugcineni, amagama ambalwa mayelana nokufaka inzwa ngemva kokuyihlola. Khumbula ukuthi ingaphezulu lensimbi lenzwa kufanele lihlanzeke futhi lingabi nemfucumfucu kanye/noma ukugqwala. Hlanza le ndawo ngaphambi kokufaka. Ngokufanayo nobuso obusesihlalweni senzwa emzimbeni wenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi. idinga nokuhlanzwa. Oxhumana nabo benzwa bangagcotshwa nge-WD-40 noma okufana nayo ngezinjongo zokuvimbela. Futhi esikhundleni se-bolt yendabuko lapho inzwa ixhunywe khona enjini, kungcono ukusebenzisa i-stud enokwethenjelwa. Ivikela inzwa ngokuqinile kakhulu, ayikwenzi buthaka ukuqiniswa futhi ayiphumuli ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngaphansi kwethonya lokudlidliza.
