Kungani ihhavini ingashisi?

Esihlokweni:

Ayikho into eyaziswa kakhulu emakhazeni, nesimo sezulu esimnyama ukwedlula ithuba lokufudumala. Ngakho-ke ungena emotweni, uqale injini, uvule isitofu bese ulinda ukushisa kuqale ukugeleza ku-cabin. Kodwa isikhathi siyahamba, futhi imoto yakho isewuthayela obandayo. Isitofu asisebenzi. Ukugibela imoto enjalo uma kubanda ngaphandle akukhululekile, futhi ngisho namafasitela ayagcwala, noma ambozwe ngokuphelele isithwathwa. Siyini isizathu? Futhi indlela yokuxazulula inkinga? Ake sizame ukukuqonda.

Indlela isistimu yokushisa imoto ehlelwe ngayo futhi isebenza ngayo

Ukwenza kube lula ukuthola nokuqeda imbangela yokungasebenzi kahle, udinga ukuqonda ukuthi uhlelo lokushisa imoto lusebenza kanjani futhi siyini isimiso sokusebenza kwalo.

Iqukethe irediyetha, i-fan, imigudu yomoya, ama-dampers, amapayipi axhumayo kanye nomshini olawula ukugeleza koketshezi. Isistimu yokushisisa isebenza ngokubambisana nenjini. Umthombo oyinhloko wokushisa ngaphakathi kwemoto injini. Futhi isebenza njenge-ejenti edlulisela amandla ashisayo. Injini eshisayo idlulisela ukushisa ku-antifreeze, okuzungeza ohlelweni lokupholisa oluvaliwe ngenxa yepompo yamanzi. Lapho isifudumezi sivaliwe, isipholile sidlulisela ukushisa kurediyetha yesistimu yokupholisa, ebuye ifuthwe yisiphephetha-moya.

I-radiator yesistimu yokushisa itholakala ngemuva kwephaneli yangaphambili, amapayipi amabili axhunywe kuyo - i-inlet ne-outlet. Lapho umshayeli evula i-heater, i-valve yayo iyavuleka, i-radiator yesitofu ifakwe ohlelweni lokujikeleza kwe-antifreeze futhi iyashisa. Ngenxa yesiphephetha-moya sesistimu yokushisisa, umoya wangaphandle uvunguza ngerediyetha yokushisisa bese uphoqelelwa ukuba ungene egunjini labagibeli ngohlelo lomswakama. Irediyetha inamapuleti amaningi azacile adlulisela kahle ukushisa emoyeni oshaywayo.

Ngokulungisa ama-flap, ungakwazi ukuqondisa ukugeleza komoya ofudumele ku-windshield, amafasitela eminyango yangaphambili, ezinyaweni zomshayeli nomgibeli, nakwezinye izindawo.

Umoya uvuthelwa kusistimu yokushisisa yisiphephetha-moya ngesihlungi se-cabin, esivimbela udoti, uthuli nezinambuzane ukuba zingangeni ngaphakathi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, iyavala, ngakho-ke kufanele ishintshwe ngezikhathi ezithile.

Uma uvula i-recirculation damper, i-fan ngeke ishaye umoya obandayo wangaphandle, kodwa umoya ovela endaweni yabagibeli. Kulokhu, ingaphakathi lizofudumala ngokushesha.

Njengoba iheater empeleni isusa ukushisa enjini, ukufudumala kwenjini kuzokwehla kakhulu uma isitofu sivulwa ngokushesha ngemva kokuba siqalisiwe. Kungcono ukulinda kuze kube yilapho izinga lokushisa elipholile lifinyelela okungenani ku-50 ° C bese uqala ukufudumeza.

Njengesengezo sesistimu yokushisa evamile, i-heater kagesi ingasetshenziswa, esebenza njenge-boiler evamile. Kulesi simo, amanzi e-tank noma emoyeni ekamelweni elikhethekile angashiswa. Kukhona nezinketho zamakhava ezihlalo ezifudumalayo nezinye izifudumezi ezinamandla ezilula ugwayi. Kodwa akukhulunywa ngabo manje.

Izimbangela ezingenzeka zokuntuleka kokushisa ku-cabin kanye nokuxazulula izinkinga

Ingaphakathi lizofudumala uma zonke izingxenye zesistimu yokushisisa zisebenza kahle futhi zisebenza kahle. Izinkinga zizoqala uma okungenani i-elementi eyodwa ihamba nge-haywire. Ukungasebenzi kahle kwesistimu yokupholisa injini esikhathini esiningi kuzoholela ekunqanyulweni kwe-heater. Manje ake sibheke izizathu ezithile zokuhluleka kwesistimu yokushisa.

1. Izinga lokupholisa eliphansi

Ukupholisa okunganele ohlelweni kuzophazamisa ukujikeleza futhi kunciphise ukudluliswa kokushisa okuvela kurediyetha. Umoya obandayo noma ongafudumele uzongena endlini.

Engeza i-antifreeze, kodwa qiniseka ukuthi akukho ukuvuza kuqala. Izindawo ezibucayi kakhulu lapho ukuqina kungaphulwa khona amapayipi axhumayo kanye nokuxhumana kwawo. Ukuvuza kungatholakala nakurediyetha ngokwayo - kokubili i-heater kanye nesistimu yokupholisa. I-radiator evuzayo izodinga ukushintshwa. Ukunamathisela izimbobo ngama-sealants ngeke kunikeze umphumela onokwethenjelwa, kodwa ngamathuba aphezulu kuzoholela ekuvaleni kanye nesidingo sokukhipha lonke uhlelo. Iphampu yamanzi nayo ingase ivuze.

2. I-Airlock

Ukujikeleza kwe-antifreeze kuzophazamiseka uma isikhiya somoya senziwe ohlelweni. Umoya ungangena ohlelweni ngesikhathi sokushintshwa kwesipholile noma ngenxa yokucindezeleka. Kulesi simo, isitofu naso asishisi, futhi umoya obandayo uvunguza ekamelweni.

Kunezindlela ezimbili zokususa i-airlock. Okokuqala ukubeka imoto emthambekeni ongu-30° noma ujekise ingaphambili lemoto nge-engeli efanayo, ikakhulukazi ohlangothini lapho ithangi lokunweba lesistimu yokupholisa likhona. Khona-ke udinga ukuqala injini bese uvala igesi. Lokhu kuzovumela wonke umoya ovela ohlelweni lokupholisa nokushisa ukuba udluliselwe kurediyetha yokupholisa. Njengoba ipayipi layo lokubuya liphakanyisiwe, umoya uzodlula kulo ungene ethangini.

Indlela yesibili inokwethenjelwa kakhulu. Kodwa ngaphambi kokwenza inqubo, linda kuze kuphole injini ne-antifreeze ukuze ugweme ukusha. Nqamula ipayipi lokubuyisela elipholile ethangini lokunweba bese ulehlisela esitsheni esifanele, esihlanzekile. Esikhundleni salokho, sixhuma ipompo noma i-compressor ethangini.

Okulandelayo, khulula ikepisi yethangi bese wengeza into epholile phezulu. Sipompa i-antifreeze ngepompo kuze kube yilapho izinga layo lifinyelela uphawu oluncane. Kungenzeka ukuthi wonke umoya uzosuswa okokuqala, kodwa kungcono ukuphinda umsebenzi izikhathi ezimbili noma ezimbili ukuze uqiniseke.

3. Ukungcola kurediyetha

Uma ama-radiator fins embozwe ukungcola, umoya ngeke ukwazi ukudlula kuwo, uzohamba eduze kwe-radiator, cishe ngaphandle kokushisa, futhi kuyoba nokusalungiswa okupholile ekamelweni esikhundleni sokushisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yemfucumfucu ebolayo, iphunga elimnandi lingavela.

Ukuhlanzwa okuphelele kwe-radiator kuzoxazulula inkinga.

4. Ukungcola kwangaphakathi

Ukuvinjelwa ohlelweni ngenxa yokungcola kwangaphakathi kungaphazamisa ukujikeleza kwe-antifreeze. Umphumela - injini iyashisa, futhi isitofu asishisi.

Izinkinga zokuvala:

• ibeka ezindongeni ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwe-antifreeze esezingeni eliphansi noma isikali, uma amanzi ethelwa ohlelweni,
• i-sediment eyakhiwe lapho kuhlanganiswa izinhlobo ezahlukene noma izinhlobo ze-antifreeze,
• izingcezu ze-sealant, ezisetshenziselwa ukuqeda ukuvuza.

Irediyetha yesitofu evalekile ngaphakathi inganqunywa ngokuthinta amapayipi axhunywe kuyo. Ngokuvamile, lapho ukushisisa kuvuliwe, kokubili kufanele kushise. Uma ipayipi lokuphuma libanda noma lishisa kancane, khona-ke ukudlula kwamanzi nge-radiator kunzima kakhulu.

Ungakwazi ukuhlanza uhlelo usebenzisa imikhiqizo ekhethekile noma usebenzise isisombululo se-citric acid salokhu, uhlanza ama-80 ... 100 g we-powder ku-5 amalitha amanzi a-distilled. Ukuze kuqedwe kangcono i-citric acid, kungcono ukuyithululela emanzini amancane abilayo, bese uhlanza ukugxila okubangelwayo. Uma uhlelo lungcole kakhulu, kungase kudingeke ukuphinda ukusebenza.

Kwesinye isikhathi ukugeza i-radiator akusizi. Kulokhu, kuyodingeka ishintshwe.

5. Izinkinga zephampu yamanzi

Uma iphampu ingapompa i-antifreeze kahle ngohlelo noma ingayipompa nhlobo, lokhu kuzozibonakalisa ngokushesha njengokukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa kwenjini kanye nokwehla kokusebenza kahle kwe-heater. Inkinga kufanele ixazululwe ngokushesha, njengoba ukushisa ngokweqile kugcwele umonakalo omkhulu kuyunithi yamandla.

Ngokuvamile iphampu iqhutshwa kusetshenziswa imishini. Iyakwazi ukugoqa ngenxa yokuguga kwama-bearings noma izindwani zayo ze-impeller zigqwaliswe izithasiselo ezinolaka ngokweqile ngezinye izikhathi ezitholakala ku-antifreeze.

Kwezinye izimo, ipompo ingalungiswa, kodwa uma kubhekwa ukugxeka okukhulu kwalesi sigaba, kungcono ukuyishintsha ngezikhathi ezithile. Njengoba ukufinyelela kwepompo kunzima kakhulu, kuhle ukuhlanganisa ukushintshwa kwayo kanye nokushintshwa kwesibili kwebhande lesikhathi.

6. Ifeni ayisebenzi

Uma kungekho moya ovunguza kuma-dampers, khona-ke ifeni ayizungezi. Zama ukuyiphendula ngesandla, ingase ijame, okuzokwenza nakanjani ishaye i-fuse. Kuyadingeka futhi ukuhlola ubuqotho bezintambo kanye nokuthembeka kwabathintana nabo ezindaweni zokuxhuma kwabo. Kungenzeka ukuthi i-motor ishiswe, khona-ke kuzomele kushintshwe fan.

7. Imigudu yomoya evalekile, isihlungi sekhabethe kanye nerediyetha yokupholisa umoya

Uma isihlungi se-cabin singcolile kakhulu, khona-ke ngisho nangesivinini esiphezulu, umshayeli ngeke akwazi ukuphefumula kahle umoya nge-radiator, okusho ukuthi ukucindezela komoya okungena ekamelweni kuzoba buthakathaka. Isihlungi se-cabin kufanele sishintshwe kanye ngonyaka, futhi uma imoto iqhutshwa ezindaweni ezinothuli, khona-ke kaningi.

Amapayipi omoya nawo kufanele ahlanzwe, ikakhulukazi uma singekho isihlungi se-cabin.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umoya oshaywa yi-fan ubuye udlule ku-radiator ye-air conditioner. Kufanele futhi ihlolwe futhi ihlanzwe.

8. I-damper yokulawula izinga lokushisa ebambekile

Ngenxa yale damper, ingxenye yokugeleza komoya ingaqhutshwa nge-radiator yesitofu, futhi ingxenye ingaqondiswa idlule kuyo. Uma i-damper ibambekile, ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa kuzophazamiseka, umoya obandayo noma ongashisi ngokwanele ungangena endaweni yabagibeli.

Isizathu singase sibe i-servo ye-damper enephutha noma izintambo ezindizayo nezinduku. Kwesinye isikhathi ukulawulwa kwe-elekthronikhi kwe-heater noma inzwa yokushisa ekhabetheni kuyicala. Awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kochwepheshe omuhle.

9. I-thermostat engalungile

Lolu cingo empeleni luyivalvu ehlala ivaliwe kuze kube yilapho izinga lokushisa elipholile likhuphukela enanini elithile. Kulesi simo, i-antifreeze ijikeleza kumjikelezo omncane futhi ayifaki i-radiator. Lokhu kuvumela injini ukuthi ifudumale ngokushesha. Lapho ukushisa kufinyelela izinga lokushisa lokuphendula, i-thermostat izoqala ukuvula, futhi i-antifreeze izokwazi ukujikeleza ngesifunda esikhulu, idlule kuma-radiators wesistimu yokupholisa kanye nesitofu. Njengoba okokupholisa kushisa ngokuqhubekayo, i-thermostat izovuleka kakhulu futhi ezingeni lokushisa elithile izovuleka ngokugcwele.

Konke kuhamba kahle inqobo nje uma i-thermostat isebenza. Uma inamathela endaweni evaliwe, ama-radiator azokhishwa ekujikelezeni kwesipholile. Injini izoqala ukushisa kakhulu, futhi isitofu sizoshaya umoya obandayo.

Uma i-thermostat inamathela futhi ihlala ivulekile ngaso sonke isikhathi, umoya ofudumele uzoqala ukugeleza kusukela ku-heater cishe ngokushesha, kodwa injini izofudumala isikhathi eside kakhulu.

Uma i-thermostat ibambelele endaweni evulekile, i-antifreeze engashisi ngokwanele ingase inikezwe kurediyetha ye-heater, futhi ngenxa yalokho, isitofu sizoshisa kabi.

I-jamming ye-thermostat endaweni evulekile kancane noma ngokugcwele ibonakala yiqiniso lokuthi isitofu sisebenza kahle ngenkathi ushayela ngamagiya aphansi, kodwa uma uvula isivinini se-4 noma sesi-5, ukusebenza kahle kwe-heater kwehla ngokuphawulekayo.

I-thermostat enesici kufanele kushintshwe.

Esitolo se-inthanethi se-Kitaec.ua ungathenga ama-radiator, abalandeli nezinye izesekeli. Kukhona futhi izingxenye zezinye izingxenye nezinhlelo zemoto yakho.

Indlela yokugwema inkinga kuhhavini

Ukulandela imithetho elula kuzosiza ukugwema izinkinga ngokushisa ingaphakathi lemoto.

Gcina irediyetha ihlanzekile.

Sebenzisa i-antifreeze yekhwalithi ephezulu ukuze uvimbele ukuvaleka kwama-radiator nezinye izakhi zesistimu ngaphakathi.

Ungakhohlwa ukushintsha isihlungi sekhabethe lakho njalo. Lokhu akusizi kuphela ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile kwe-heater, kodwa futhi nesimiso somoya kanye nesistimu yokuphefumula.

Ungasebenzisi i-sealant ngaphandle uma kunesidingo. Ingangena kalula ngaphakathi futhi ivimbele ukuhamba kwe-antifreeze.

Ungasheshi ukuvula isitofu ngokushesha ngemva kokuqala injini, lokhu kuzonciphisa ukushisa kwenjini kuphela, kodwa nangaphakathi. Linda kuze kube yilapho injini ifudumala kancane.

Ukuze ushise ingaphakathi ngokushesha, vula isistimu yokujikeleza kabusha. Lapho kufudumala ngokwanele ngaphakathi, kungcono ukushintshela emoyeni owuthathayo. Lokhu kuzosiza ekuvimbeleni ukugqwala kwamafasitela, futhi umoya osekhabetheni uzoba musha.

Futhi-ke, kufanele uhlole futhi ulungiselele isitofu ebusika ngaphambi kokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, khona-ke ngeke kudingeke ukuba ube yiqhwa.