Kungani i-clutch yemoto ishelela?
Okuqukethwe
Isixhumanisi phakathi kwenjini yemoto no-gearbox yi-clutch. Umsebenzi wayo ukudlulisa i-torque isuka ku-flywheel egxishwe ku-crankshaft iye ku-input shaft ka-gearbox. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokudlulisa, ukujikeleza kudluliselwa emasondweni.
Le yunithi ingaphansi kwemithwalo ebaluleke kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezimeni zasemadolobheni, lapho kufanele ushintshe amagiya futhi ubambe i-clutch njalo nje. Akumangalisi ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izingxenye ziyaphela futhi i-clutch iqala ukwehluleka. Inkinga evame kakhulu abashayeli okufanele babhekane nayo ukushibilika. Njengomthetho, kwenzeka kancane kancane, ekuqaleni ngokungabonakali, kodwa bese kuthinta ngokucacile ukuziphatha kwemoto.
Ukuze uqonde ukuthi kuyini nokuthi kungani kwenzeka, udinga okungenani ukuqonda okujwayelekile kwesakhiwo kanye nesimiso se-clutch.
Indlela i-clutch esebenza ngayo futhi isebenza ngayo
Izakhi eziyinhloko zale yunithi idiski eliqhutshwayo, idiski yokushayela (ingcindezi), i-diaphragm spring, i-clutch ene-release bear, imfoloko yokukhulula kanye nedrayivu. Futhi, i-flywheel enkulu egibele i-crankshaft shank, njengoba wazi, iqhutshwa ngokuqondile yi-injini isebenzisa umshini we-crank, ihileleke ngokuqondile emsebenzini we-clutch.
I-drive disc inezingqimba ezikwazi ukumelana nokushisa nezingagugi. Ukwakhiwa kwabo, izingxube ezikhethekile zama-resin kanye nerabha zisetshenziswa ngokungezwa kwezingcezu zethusi noma ucingo lwethusi, i-fiberglass, i-ceramics nezinye izinto. Amaphedi ahlanganiswe ne-disc nge-rivets noma i-glue. Yile ngxenye engaphansi kokucindezeleka okukhulu ngesikhathi sokusebenza futhi, njengomthetho, iyona yokuqala yokuhluleka. I-drive drive ivamise ukuba yinye, kodwa ingaba ezimbili noma ngaphezulu zazo.
Intwasahlobo ye-diaphragm ivamise ukuhlangana ngokwesakhiwo nediski yokushayela futhi ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi ubhasikidi. Ispring inamacembe acindezela ngokuqinile i-disc eshayelwa ku-flywheel. Kweminye imiklamo, esikhundleni sentwasahlobo eyodwa ye-diaphragm, kungase kube nama-spiral amaningana atholakala eduze komjikelezo.
Ngenxa yamandla okushayisana, idiski eshayelwayo izungeza kanye ne-flywheel. Futhi njengoba i-disk ivikelekile ku-shaft yokufaka ye-gearbox ngokusebenzisa uxhumano oluhlukanisiwe, i-torque idluliselwa kusuka ku-gearbox. Uma usegiyeni, i-input shaft idlulisela ukuzungeza kushafti yesibili, bese idlula kuyo iye ku-transmission, okugcina kudale ukuthi amasondo ajikeleze.
Idrayivu yokukhulula ingaba ngomshini, i-hydraulic noma i-pneumatic futhi ilawulwa yi-clutch pedal. Ama-hydraulics avumela ukusebenzisana okushelelayo kwe-clutch kanye nokungahlanganisi ezimotweni zabagibeli. Futhi i-pneumatics isetshenziswa emalolini kuphela. Uma i-pedal ingacindezelekile, i-clutch ihileleke, ipuleti ye-clutch icindezelwe ngokuqinile ngokumelene ne-flywheel nge-pressure plate.
I-pedal ecindezelwe isebenza ku-drive, into eyinhloko enguqulweni yomshini ikhebula lensimbi. Uma intambo idonswa, imfoloko yokukhulula i-clutch izungeza ku-eksisi yayo bese icindezela ibheringi yokukhipha (khulula i-clutch).
I-bearing ifakwe ku-input shaft ka-gearbox futhi iyakwazi ukuhamba nge-eksisi yayo. Ngaphansi kwethonya lemfoloko yokukhulula, i-rearing bearing igobisa i-diaphragm yasentwasahlobo phakathi, iphoqe amacembe ayo ukuthi axegise ingcindezi emaphethelweni. Ngenxa yalokho, i-disc eqhutshwayo isuka kude ne-flywheel futhi isikhala samahhala sivela phakathi kwabo. Ukudluliswa kwe-torque endaweni yokuhlola kumisiwe. Manje usungakwazi ukushintsha amagiya ngaphandle kwengozi yokulimaza amagiya omshini.
Uma idrayivu isebenzisa amahydraulic, ipusher ixhunywa ku-pedal kusetshenziswa ijoyinti le-pivot, elicindezela ipiston yesilinda esiyinhloko se-clutch. Isilinda esiyinhloko simpompa uketshezi olusebenzayo ngepayipi ukuya kusilinda esisebenzayo, esisebenza ngokuqondile kupulaki yokuvala shaqa.
Indlela yokunquma ubukhona bokushelela
Lapho i-clutch ishelela, ngokuyinhloko ukuphelelwa amandla okukhulu, okuphawuleka kakhulu egqumeni. I-Acceleration dynamics nayo iyahlupheka. Uma ushayela ngamagiya aphansi, imoto ingase idlikize.
Nakuba inkinga ingakabonakali, kungase kubonakale sengathi iyunithi yamandla ayidonsi. Nokho, izimpawu ezibonisa ngokuqondile ukunamathela kancane kancane ziqala ukuvela. Esinye sazo iphunga elivela ekungqubuzaneni okukhulu kongqimba lwe-clutch disc ngokumelene nobuso be-flywheel. Iphunga lisikhumbuza irabha eshile futhi lizwakala ku-cabin.
Ubunzima bokushintsha kanye nokushwabana lapho amagiya eshintsha kuyizimpawu ezivamile zokushelela. Kuya ngokuya kuba nzima ukuqhubeka.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubamba, ukugaya, noma eminye imisindo engavamile ibonisa izinkinga ze-clutch, ikakhulukazi uma zihlukile lapho i-pedal icindezelekile futhi ikhululwa. Kwesinye isikhathi ukudlidliza kuyabonwa, i-pedal ingacindezelwa ngokuqinile noma, ngokuphambene, iwe, futhi ukuhamba kwayo kwamahhala kungakhuphuka.
Kuyenzeka futhi ukuthi lapho i-clutch pedal icindezelwa, ama-discs awahlukani ngokuphelele, asele kokunye othintana naye. Kulokhu, bakhuluma ngokungaphelele kwe-clutch. Ungahlola lokhu kanje. Njengoba injini isebenza ngesivinini esiphansi, cindezela i-pedal yonke indlela bese uzama ukusebenzisa igiya lokuqala. Ubunzima bokuvula kanye nemisindo engaphandle kuzobonisa ukuba khona kwezinkinga.
Kungani ukushelela kwenzeka nokuthi ungabhekana kanjani nakho
Ngokushesha noma kamuva, noma iyiphi i-clutch iqala ukushelela. Ukungagwemeki kwale nkinga kunqunywa yisona kanye isimiso sokusebenza kwalo mshini. Okwamanje i-fixed driven disk ihlangana nobuso be-flywheel ejikelezayo, kwenzeka ukungqubuzana okubaluleke kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokho, i-friction coating kancane kancane iguga, iguge futhi iba mncane. Ngesinye isikhathi, othintana naye akaqini ngokwanele, futhi idiski eqhutshwayo iqala ukushelela ngokuhlobene ne-flywheel. Yilokhu okushiwo ukushelela.
Nakuba i-clutch disc ingashiwo ngokufanelekile ezintweni ezisebenzisekayo, usengakwazi ukunweba insiza yayo uma ulandela imithetho ethile. Isibonelo, ukugqokwa kwe-clutch kusheshiswa kakhulu umkhuba omubi wabanye abashayeli, okuthi, kusukela endaweni, baphefumule kakhulu futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo bakhulule ngokuzumayo i-clutch pedal.
Ukushayela ngokushesha ngamagiya aphansi nakho kuyingozi ku-clutch. Kuzo zombili izimo, i-disc driven iyashelela isikhathi esithile futhi isulwe kungenasidingo.
Omunye umkhuba ukugcina i-clutch pedal icindezelekile emarobhothini noma ku-traffic - nakuba ingoni i-disc, inomthelela ekugubheni kwe-spring and release bear. Ukuqeda le mikhuba emibi kuzonweba impilo yedivayisi yakho futhi konge imali.
Indlela efanele yokuqala ukushayela iwukukhulula kahle i-clutch pedal bese uqala kancane kancane ukufaka ingcindezi kugesi. Futhi kungcono ukucindezela i-clutch, ngokuphambene nalokho, ngokucijile.
Okunye okungaba imbangela yokushelela ukungena kwamafutha kwi-clutch disc noma i-flywheel. Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kwenzeka uma uphawu lwamafutha e-crankshaft lugugile. Kulokhu, ungakwazi ukugeza izindawo zokukhwelana ze-flywheel kanye ne-disc eqhutshwayo nge-ejenti efanelekile, isibonelo, i-parafini. Khona-ke ama-friction linings kufanele ahlanzwe kancane ngephepha elihle le-emery.
Uma i-clutch isivele iqalile ukushelela, kodwa kusekhona indawo yokugcina ye-friction layer (ngaphezu kuka-0,2 mm), ungazama ukulungisa ukuhamba kwamahhala kwe-pedal. Inqubo efanele ivame ukuchazwa encwadini yokukhanda nokulungisa imoto. Ngokuvamile lokhu kusebenza kukuvumela ukuthi uhlehlise ukulungiswa kwalolu phiko.
Uma ama-pads egqoke phansi cishe kuma-rivets, akufanele udonse ngokushintshwa kwe-disc. Lapho ama-friction linings elingana nama-rivets, azogubha ebusweni be-flywheel, ayiklwebhe. Ngenxa yalokho, i-flywheel ingase idinge ukushintshwa.
Ukugqokwa kwezinye izingxenye ze-clutch - ukuzala kokukhululwa, intwasahlobo ye-diaphragm, imfoloko yokukhulula - nakho kungaholela ekusheleleni. Impilo yabo yesevisi ifaniswa nensiza yediski. Ngakho-ke, uma enye yezingxenye idinga ukushintshwa, futhi i-clutch iyonke ihambe cishe amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-70 ... ayizinkulungwane eziyi-100 ngaphandle kokulungiswa, khona-ke kungcono ukufaka esikhundleni somhlangano wonke. Lokhu kuzokonga isikhathi, umzamo kanye nemali. Ungayithenga ngamanani aphusile esitolo se-inthanethi.
Futhi esinye isigebengu sokushelela kungase kube i-clutch actuator. Izizathu zihlukile kuye ngohlobo lokushayela. Lokhu kungaba, isibonelo, i-lever eyonakele, ikhebula eliphukile noma eliboshwe. Uma idrayivu i-hydraulic, kuyadingeka ukuhlola lonke uhlelo ngokuvuza koketshezi olusebenzayo noma ukupompa ngokukhipha umoya kuyo.
Ngokuvamile, ukulungiswa kwe-clutch kungaba inqubo enzima kakhulu futhi echitha isikhathi edinga amakhono athile nolwazi. Amathuluzi akhethekile angase adingeke. Uma ungaqiniseki ngamakhono akho, kungcono ukuxhumana ngokushesha nesevisi yemoto.
Bheka futhi
