IPininfarina test drive: i-atelier ijika iminyaka engu-90
Okuqukethwe
Ake sikhumbuze ezinye zezimoto ezithakazelisa kakhulu zesitudiyo sokuklama sase-Italy
I-Studio Pininfarina ingaphezulu kakhulu komklami wenkantolo wesikhathi eside we-Ferrari ne-Peugeot. Isitudiyo sokuklama sase-Italy senze umnikelo omkhulu ekwakhiweni kwenani lemikhiqizo nezimoto ngokujwayelekile.
I-Pininfarina ayikuthandi ukucasulwa okungadingekile nokungavamile, bebelokhu bekhetha ukuthembela ebuhleni obulula nobungapheli. Ukubhala ngesandla okucacile, okuhlanzekile nokungaphelelwa yisikhathi kwehhovisi lokuklama e-Gruliasco, eduze kwaseTurin, kube nomthelela ekwenziweni kwesitayela sezinhlobo eziningi zezimoto ezihamba phambili eminyakeni edlule. Ezikhathini ezithile emlandweni, umuntu angase athi ngisho nesitayela se-Pininfarina cishe sinquma ukubukeka okuphelele kwemikhumbi yezimoto emazweni amaningi aseYurophu.
Iklabhu engaziwa yabadali be-Pininfarina
Kuyathakazelisa ukuqaphela ukuthi akuyona yonke indalo ye-Pininfarina enegama lesitudiyo sokuklama. Uphawu oluncane oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka olunohlamvu "f" lubekwe kuphela emakesini akhiqizwe ngochungechunge oluncane, akhiqizwa ezingqungqutheleni zase-Gruliasco nase-Cambiano. Incwadi yavela kuFarina, isibongo somsunguli walesi studio.
Iningi lezinto ezidaliwe zikaPininfarina zihamba emigwaqweni ngokungaziwa ngokuphelele. Ezinye zazo empeleni aziwona ngisho umsebenzi wehhovisi lase-Italy, kodwa zibukeka ncamashi njengoba zadalwa lapho. Ikakhulukazi ngeminyaka yama-50s, 60s kanye nama-70s, isitudiyo sase-Italy sathola ukuthandwa okumangalisayo ngenxa yengxenye enkulu ekudaleni okungapheli kweqembu. I-Austin A30, i-Morris Oxford, i-Austin 1100/1300, i-Vanden Plas Princess 4-Liter R, i-MG B GT noma i-Bentley T Corniche Coupé iwuhlu oluncane nje lwezimpumelelo zabo phakathi nesikhathi esibuyekezwayo.
I-Pininfarina iphinde iguqule i-MG B ibe yimoto ye-GT enengemuva lebhuleki lokudubula eliyinkimbinkimbi. Yebo, nangaleso sikhathi imboni yezimoto yaseBrithani esathuthuka yayivame ukuphendukela kuPininfarina. I-Alfa Romeo ne-Fiat bebengamakhasimende avamile ochwepheshe bemigqa emihle iminyaka eminingi.
Kwesinye isikhathi amamodeli abo abukeka egodliwe kangangokuthi awabonwa njenge-Pininfarina - isibonelo, i-Lancia 2000 Coupé ka-1969. Ngaphambili, imoto ibukeka njenge-Audi 100 - ubuhle obungapheli, kodwa kwabaningi, akuyona into ekhangayo.
Akuwona wonke amaphrojekthi we-Pininfarina ahlaba umxhwele. Kodwa-ke, i-Fiat 1500 Cabriolet yango-1963 isathathwa njengomunye wemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu, kanti iFiat Dino Spider yango-1966 ingenye yamamodeli akwaFiat ayivelakancane futhi amahle kakhulu. Ezifanekisweni zedizayini zango-50s ezidalwe ngu-maestro Pininfarina, umuntu ngokungangabazeki kufanele engeze i-Alfa Romeo 1900 Coupé kanye ne-Lancia Flaminia Limousine.
Ngemuva kwesici esiyingqopha-mlando i-Cisitalia 202 ngo-1947, iFlorida Flaminia, esekelwe ku-prototype, yayiyingqopha-mlando ekuziphendukeleni kwesitayela se-Pininfarina, okuyinto ezimweni eziningi eyayibonakala iyisisekelo kuyo yonke imboni.
I-Pininfarina ithonya ukuklama kwemikhiqizo eminingi
Eminyakeni eyishumi impela ngemva kwe-trapezoidal Flaminia, isitudiyo se-BMC 1800 esinezicabha ezine siyaphuma, okuphawula ukuqala kwenkathi entsha eklanyweni. Ukuma komzimba lapha kuhambisana nemithetho ye-aerodynamics. Akumangalisi ukuthi ngonyaka ofanayo kwavela i-NSU Ro 80. Lena enye yezimoto ezithandwa ngobuqotho uSergio Pininfarina, kanye ne-Jaguar XJ12 Limousine.
I-Citroën CX, i-Rover 3500 nezinye izimoto eziningi zalesi sikhathi ziphethe izakhi zofuzo ze-Pininfarina ngendlela eyodwa noma enye. Ngisho noHeinrich Nordhof waphendukela kuSergio Pininfarina ukuze athole usizo lokuthuthukisa i-VW 411.
Enye yezinto ewuphawu lomlando wesitudiyo sokuklama ngokucace kakhulu ubudlelwano bayo neFerrari. I-Pininfarina iklame okungenani izimoto ezimbili ezinhle kakhulu emlandweni we-Ferrari, i-250 GT Lusso kanye ne-365 GTB/4 Daytona. Ngama-50s, u-Enzo Ferrari noBatista Farina babonisa ubuhlobo obuhle futhi basebenza ndawonye kakhulu.
Ngokuvamile, i-Ferrari ayivamisile ukusebenzisa imizimba yabanye abakhiqizi, izimoto zabo eziningi zivela ku-Touring, Allemano, Boano, Michelotti naseVignale. Ngama-70s i-Dino 308 GT 4 edumile yavela ku-Bertone. Ngeshwa, namuhla ukuxhumana phakathi kweFerrari nePininfarina sekucishe kwaphulwa - kuyancipha ukubona uphawu oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka "f" ezimotweni zombala odumile weRosso Corsa.
U-Pininfarina waba umklami wenkantolo yakwaPeugeot ngo-1953. Ngaleso sikhathi, uSergio Pininfarina wayesevele ethole iziqu zobunjiniyela bemishini futhi wathatha ukuphathwa kwe-studio kuyise uBatista. U-Batista Farina uvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "i-Pinin", "ingane". Kusukela ngo-1960, inkampani ibizwe ngokusemthethweni ngokuthi i-Pininfarina. Ngawo lowo nyaka, i-Peugeot 404 yenza i-debut yayo, okwathi, ngemva kwe-403, yaba isisekelo sesibili ekwakhiweni kwamamodeli aphakathi nendawo. Umumo we-trapezoidal uzuza njengefa imigqa eyindilinga yenkathi ye-Cisitalia, futhi eminyakeni eyisishiyagalombili kamuva u-504 udweba isitayela esisha se-pragmatic.
USergio Pininfarina unemibono ekhaliphile futhi uzimise njengomunye wabaklami bezimoto abakhulu, kodwa akakwazi ukudweba kanye noyise. Yingakho eheha abaklami abahamba phambili abanjengoPaolo Martin, uLeonardo Fioravanti, uTom Tjaarda enkampanini yakhe.
Ngama-70s, studio yabhekana nenkinga yayo yokuqala. I-Ital Design kanye ne-Bertone badala izimbangi ezimbili ezinkulu. Inkathi yombango iqala phakathi kukaGiugiaro noPininfarina, ababonisa umsebenzi wabo emibukisweni efana neGeneva, Paris, Turin. I-Pininfarina idale i-Ferrari F 40, Ferrari 456, Alfa Romeo 164 kanye ne-Alfa Spider, eminye yemiklamo ehlaba umxhwele kakhulu yakamuva.
Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, isitayela sikaPininfarina besivame ukukopishwa ngokunganaki - ngokwesibonelo, iFord Granada II iqhathaniswa kalula nesedan esekwe kuFiat 130 Coupé. Kule nkulungwane entsha, i-atelier isebenza nabakhiqizi abaningana abakhulu - uphawu oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka "f" luvela ku-Focus Cabriolet. Umsebenzi wamaNtaliyane nawo yiPeugeot 406 Coupé kanye nohlelo lwesibili lweVolvo C70.
Ngeshwa, isikhathi sabakhi bomzimba ngabanye siye sadlula kancane kancane. Abakhiqizi abakhulu sebevele beneminyango yabo yokuklama futhi bazama ukonga imali, futhi uxhaso lwezitudiyo ezifana ne-L'Art pour L'Art, njenge-limousine ye-Ferrari Pinin yango-1980 enezicabha ezine, luyancipha. Namuhla, u-Pininfarina ungusomabhizinisi wezimboni onentshisekelo eqinile ku-electromobility. Kulindeleke ukuthi kulo nyaka kubonakale imoto esebenza ngogesi iBattista heavy-duty emakethe.
Namuhla, isitudiyo se-Pininfarina singese-Indian ukukhathazeka Mahindra. Inhloko yesitudiyo, uPaolo Pininfarina, useyilungu lomndeni womsunguli, u-Maestro Batista "Pinin" Farina.
