Ubuthi be-antifreeze. Izimpawu kanye nosizo lokuqala

I-Antifreeze iyisipholisi senjini yemoto. Ukuba nesisekelo samanzi, i-antifreeze iqukethe i-alcohol ewuketshezi - i-ethylene glycol, i-propylene glycol ne-methanol, eyingozi futhi inobuthi lapho idliwa abantu nezilwane. Ngisho ngamanani amancane.

Izimpawu

I-antifreeze nayo ingafakwa ubuthi ngengozi ngokuphuza ikhemikhali equkethe izithako ezisohlwini. Lokhu kungenzeka lapho i-antifreeze ithelwa engilazini noma kwesinye isitsha sesiphuzo. Njengoba kunikezwe lokhu, kubalulekile ukuqaphela izimpawu zobuthi ngesikhathi.

Ubuthi be-antifreeze bungenzeka kancane kancane emahoreni ambalwa, ngakho-ke umuntu angase angabi nazimpawu ngokushesha ngemva kokumunca noma ukungenwa wumhwamuko. Kodwa isimo asilula kangako: njengoba umzimba uthatha (noma uhlanganisa) i-antifreeze, ikhemikhali iphenduka ibe ezinye izinto ezinobuthi - i-glycolic noma i-glyoxylic acid, i-acetone ne-formaldehyde.

Isikhathi esisithathayo ukuze kuvele uphawu lokuqala sincike enanini le-antifreeze oyiphuzayo. Izimpawu zokuqala zingavela emizuzwini engama-30 kuye kwayi-12 ngemuva kokumunca, futhi izimpawu ezinzima kakhulu ziqala cishe amahora ayi-12 ngemuva kokumunca. Izimpawu zokuqala ze-antifreeze poisoning zingabandakanya ukudakwa. Phakathi kwabanye:

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu.
• Ukukhathala.
• Ukuntuleka kokuxhumana kokunyakaza.
• Inkulumo engacacile.
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza.

Kwezinye izimo, ukuphefumula kungase kunyuke, ukungakwazi ukuchama, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, ngisho nokudlikiza. Ungalahlekelwa ngisho nawukwazi futhi uquleke.

Njengoba umzimba ugaya i-antifreeze emahoreni ambalwa alandelayo, ikhemikhali ingaphazamisa ukusebenza kwezinso, amaphaphu, ubuchopho, nesimiso sezinzwa. Imiphumela engalungiseki emzimbeni ingenzeka phakathi namahora angama-24-72 ngemuva kokumunca.

Usizo lokuqala

Usizo lokuqala kufanele lunikezwe ngokushesha. Ngezimpawu ezingenhla, kufanele ugeze ngokushesha isisu sesisulu bese uthintana ne-ambulensi. Hlala nesisulu kuze kufike i-ambulensi. Njengoba kunikezwe isimo sakhe, kuyadingeka ukususa zonke izinto ezibukhali, imimese, imithi - konke okungaba yingozi. Ukusebenzisana kwengqondo nakho kubalulekile: udinga ukulalela umuntu onobuthi nge-antifreeze, kodwa hhayi ukulahla, ukungaphikisani, ukusongela, nokungamthethisi.

Uma usengozini yokuzibulala, kufanele uthole usizo ngokushesha oluvela esimweni esibucayi noma inombolo yocingo yokuvimbela ukuzibulala.

Lapho ungeniswa esibhedlela, udokotela kufanele atshelwe:

• Umuntu uphethwe yini?
• Isikhathi okwenzeka ngaso ingozi.
• Inani elilinganiselwe le-antifreeze elidakiwe.

Isibhedlela sizoqapha ngokucophelela isimo sesiguli. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-antifreeze ingathinta umzimba ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene. Isibhedlela sizokwazi ukuhlola umfutho wegazi, izinga lokushisa lomzimba, izinga lokuphefumula nokushaya kwenhliziyo. Kuzophinde kwenziwe ukuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene ukuhlola amazinga amakhemikhali egazini kanye nokusebenza kwezitho ezibalulekile.

I-antidote iwumugqa wokuqala wokwelapha ubuthi be-antifreeze. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-fomepisol (Antisol) noma i-ethanol. Zombili izidakamizwa zingashintsha kahle imiphumela yobuthi futhi zivimbele ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga ezengeziwe.

Amathiphu Okuvimbela

Nawa amanye amathiphu okuvimbela angasiza futhi avimbele ubuthi:

1. Ungatheli i-antifreeze emabhodleleni amanzi noma emabhodleleni ahloselwe uketshezi lokudla. Gcina ikhemikhali kuphela emaphaketheni okuqala.
2. Uma i-antifreeze ichitheka ngephutha ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kwemoto, indawo yokuchitheka kufanele ihlanzwe kahle bese ifafazwa ngamanzi avela phezulu. Lokhu kuzosiza ukuvimbela izilwane ezifuywayo ukuthi zingadli uketshezi.
3. Njalo faka ikepisi esitsheni se-antifreeze. Gcina ikhemikhali ikude nezingane nezilwane ezifuywayo.
4. Njengesixwayiso, akufanele uphuze isiphuzo ongawazi ukwakheka kwakho. Ungalokothi wamukele iziphuzo kubantu ongabazi.

Ngokungenelela kusenesikhathi, umuthi unganciphisa kakhulu imiphumela yobuthi be-antifreeze. Ikakhulukazi, ukwelashwa kungavimbela ukwehluleka kwezinso, ukulimala kobuchopho nezinye izinguquko ezimbi, ikakhulukazi zamaphaphu noma inhliziyo. Uma isisulu singelashwa, khona-ke ubuthi obunzima bokusetshenziswa kwe-antifreeze bungabulala ngemva kwamahora angu-24-36.

KWENZEKANI UMA UPHUZA I-ANTIFREEZE!