Ukupholisa injini emotweni - amathiphu okunakekelwa nokushintshwa!

Izimoto zesimanje zidinga ukupholiswa kwamanzi. Uma kungenjalo, izinjini ezisebenza kahle kakhulu ngeke zikwazi ukugcina izinga lokushisa elilungile lokusebenza. Ukonakala ohlelweni lokupholisa ngokushesha kuholela ekulimaleni okukhulu kwenjini. Kodwa futhi isipholile esingalungile singalimaza injini ngaphakathi. Funda kulesi sihloko ukuthi yini okufanele uyiqaphele mayelana nokupholisa injini yemoto yakho.

Yini ebangela ukushisa kwenjini?

Ukushisa kwenjini kukhiqizwa ngezindlela ezimbili: ngokushisa uphethiloli kanye nokungqubuzana kwangaphakathi. . Emagunjini omlilo enjini, uphethiloli ulethwa ekuqhumeni ezingeni lokushisa elingamakhulu amaningana degrees Celsius. Insimbi iwumqhubi owanele wokushisa. Njengoba yonke injini yenziwe ngensimbi, ukushisa okuvela emagumbini omlilo kusatshalaliswa kulo lonke iyunithi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, injini iqukethe izingxenye ezingamakhulu amaningana ezihambayo. Yize ehlala egcotshisiwe kodwa kukhona ukungqubuzana kwangaphakathi okudala ukushisa okwengeziwe enjinini.

Idinga inani elithile lokushisa

Injini akufanele ipholiswe ngokuphelele yisistimu yokupholisa. Kudingeka ukushisisa okuthile kwenjini. Insimbi ikhula ngokushisa. Emazingeni okushisa okusebenza afanelekile, izingxenye ezihambayo zinebanga elilinganayo elilinganayo. Esikhundleni sokungqubuzana nokugedla kuqhuzulane, ama-bearings, ama-ekseli nezingalo zinalokho okubizwa ngokuthi "i-slip fit" lapho izingxenye zihlala zithintana. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukudluliswa kwamandla aphezulu ngaphandle kokuguga ngokweqile.

Umsebenzi wesistimu yokupholisa

Umsebenzi wesistimu yokupholisa ukugcina izinga lokushisa elifanele lenjini njalo. Iphampu yamanzi eqhutshwa ngomshini ihlale iphampa into epholile ngamapayipi namashaneli enjini. Isipholile sidlulisa ukushisa okumuncwe enjinini kuya ekugelezeni komoya kurediyetha ngaphambili.

Nakuba kungase kubonakale kulula, uhlelo ludinga ukulawula okwengeziwe. Ebusika, izinga lokushisa le-ambient ngokuvamile liphansi kakhulu. Uma irediyetha bese ivuza umoya, injini ngeke ifinyelele izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lokusebenza. Ehlobo kungashisa kakhulu futhi irediyetha ayisakwazi ukuhlinzeka ngokupholisa okwanele. Ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa ohlelweni lokupholisa kwenziwa ngamamojula amabili:

I-valve ye-thermostat ihlukanisa ukujikeleza kokupholisa kube imijikelezo emibili ehlukene . " Okukhulu » Isekhethi yokupholisa ihlanganisa irediyetha ngaphambili emotweni. " Okuncane » Isekhethi isebenza ngokuhlukene kurediyetha futhi iqondisa into epholile ibuyele enjinini. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuqala kwamakhaza: Ngosizo lwe-thermostat, injini ebandayo ifinyelela izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lokusebenza ngokushesha okukhulu.

Uma injini ishisa kakhulu naphezu kokuthi isifunda esikhulu sokupholisa sivuleke ngokuphelele, fan iqala ukusebenza , ephusha umoya owengeziwe kurediyetha futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokupholisa. Ngokuya ngohlobo lwemoto, kusetshenziswa abalandeli bakagesi noma be-hydromechanical.

Imisebenzi yokupholisa injini

I-Coolant yenza umsebenzi omningi kunalokho ongase ucabange. Yiqiniso, umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukususa ukushisa okukhiqizwa injini kurediyetha. Nokho, yenza okwengeziwe:

– Ukuvikelwa kwesistimu yokupholisa emakhazeni – Ukuvikelwa kwesistimu yokupholisa ekugqwaleni - Ukugcotshwa kwezingxenye ezihambayo zesistimu yokupholisa - Ukuvikelwa kwezingxenye zerabha nephepha zesistimu yokupholisa ekuhlakazeni

Lokhu kwenziwa ukuthi kube nokwenzeka yinhlanganisela efanele yamanzi nesipholile. Lapha kufanele unake izinto eziningana.

Ukweqisa kubi

Amanzi i-conductor ekahle yokushisa. Ukwengeza isinqanda-qhwa engeziwe emanzini kunciphisa ikhono lamanzi lokumunca ukushisa. Umbono" okukhulu, kungcono » akusebenzi ekungezeni kwe-antifreeze. Lokhu kuyasebenza nakumsebenzi wakhe wokuqala: Ukuvikela okuphezulu kwesithwathwa kufinyelelwa kuphela ngengxenye ethile ye-ejenti eyengeziwe namanzi. Uma ukugxilisa ingqondo kuphezulu kakhulu, indawo yokuqandisa yenjini yokupholisa iyakhuphuka bese kufinyelelwa okuphambene ngqo! Ukugxila okungu-55% kuqinisekisa ukuvikeleka kwesithwathwa kuze kufike ku--45˚C . Uma usebenzisa i-antifreeze kuphela njengesibandisi, ukuvikela isithwathwa kuphansi njengo -15 ˚C.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo yokubilisa ye-antifreeze iyashintshwa. Ngokuhlushwa okuphezulu kwe-antifreeze, injini ingase yeqe izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lokusebenza, okuzodala umonakalo omkhulu: izindawo ezihambayo zenjini zizoqina. Uma izinga lokushisa lokusebenza kwenjini lihlala lidlula, izingxenye ezihambayo zishintshanisa ukucindezela okukhulu kakhulu. Lokhu kuholela ekulimazeni kwesendlalelo esiqinile, lapho izinto eziyisisekelo zithambile kakhulu. Lapho lolu ngqimba lufinyelelwa, izingxenye ziguga ngokushesha okukhulu, okunciphisa ukuphila kwayo yonke injini.

Ihlola isipholile senjini

Isipholisi kufanele sihlolwe ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngokusho kwemithetho yesondlo, ishintshwa ngokuphelele njalo nge-50-000 km yokugijima. . Phakathi kwalezi zikhathi, kufanele uhlole izinga layo ngezikhathi ezithile, kodwa hhayi kuphela izinga elibalulekile. Ukubhekisisa ukupholisa injini ngokwayo kunganikeza ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nesimo senjini: uma umbala wayo umnyama kakhulu noma kukhona amaconsi amafutha kuwo, lokhu kubonisa i-gasket yekhanda le-cylinder elingalungile. Ungakwazi ukuphikisa i-cap yokugcwalisa uwoyela: uma igwebu elinsundu elimhlophe libonakala esikhundleni samafutha okugcoba amnyama, acacile, uhlelo lokupholisa namafutha kuyathintana. Kulesi simo, i-cylinder head gasket cishe iyonakala. .

I-antifreeze ayiyona nje i-antifreeze

I-Antifreeze ingu-90% we-glycol kanye nezithasiselo ezingu-10%. . I-Glycol ingushukela futhi iyingxenye eyinhloko ye-antifreeze. Izithasiselo zenzelwe ukugcoba nokuvikela ekugqwaleni. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi lezi zithasiselo zihlangabezane nezidingo zemoto. Ukwakheka kwamapayipi enjoloba nama-gaskets kuncike kumenzi. Uma i-antifreeze engalungile yengezwa enjinini, lokhu kungaba nemiphumela engathi sína ngokugqwala kwamapayipi okupholisa injini nama-cylinder head gaskets . Ukusebenzisa i-antifreeze engalungile kungabangela umonakalo omkhulu wenjini. Ngenhlanhla kulula ukuzibona. . I-Antifreeze ihlukaniswa ngombala.

Okuluhlaza, okubomvu, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka

Ukuze uthole umumo osheshayo, umbala uyisiqondiso esithembekile. Kunconywa ukunamathela kumbala otholakalayo. Ungalokothi uhlanganise imikhiqizo yemibala ehlukene.

Izithasiselo zingadala ukusabela kwamakhemikhali futhi zilimaze injini.

Ungathola ulwazi oluqondile mayelana nesinqandi-qhwa esilungile emiyalweni yemoto yakho nakudatha esephaketheni lomkhiqizo.
 
 

Akudingeki ushintshe isizini ngayinye.

Asikho isidingo sokukhipha i-antifreeze ngenkathi eshisayo futhi ugcwalise ebusika. Ukwakheka komkhiqizo kuvumela ukuthi uhlale ohlelweni lokupholisa unyaka wonke. Lenza umsebenzi obalulekile wokuvimbela ukugqwala. Amanzi abangela ukugqwala kwenjini nerediyetha. Lokhu akunawo umthelela onenzuzo empilweni yenjini. Ukugqwala kwesipholisi kubonakala ngokucacile, kushintshe kube bomvu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-coolant yenjini inesici sokugqwala kwe-tint. Lokhu kuhluke ngokusobala kumbala obomvana wohlobo lwe-antifreeze "obomvu".

Isistimu yokupholisa egqwalile "ingalondolozwa" esikhundleni se-radiator, futha, i-thermostat nokugeza ngokuphelele. Zontathu izingxenye ziyizingxenye ezigqokile, ngakho ukushintshwa okujwayelekile kuzoba yinzuzo. Ngemuva kwalokho, kubalulekile ukwengeza ingxube efanele yamanzi kanye ne-antifreeze.

Ukugcina kanjani ukupholisa

Kokubili okupholisayo kwenjini okugxilile kanye nexubile kunobuthi . Izinto eziyingozi zingangena emgudwini wegazi ngokuthintana nesikhumba. Ngakho-ke, lapho usebenza ngokupholisa, amagilavu ​​kufanele agqokwe, futhi okugxilile akufanele nanini kudliwe. Qiniseka ukuthi izingane azikwazi ukufinyelela i-antifreeze. I-Glycol imnandi futhi iyaheha izingane.

Kuxutshwe kahle, kuphethwe ngokuphepha

Njengoba ubona, ukuphatha i-antifreeze akulula njengoba umuntu engase acabange. Ngomqondo omncane ojwayelekile nokunakekelwa, imoto ingalungiselelwa kahle ngenkathi ebandayo. I-algebra encane iyasiza nayo . Usebenzisa umhloli, ungakwazi ukunquma ngokunembile ukuhlushwa kwe-antifreeze. Ngalokhu njengesiqalo, ungakwazi ukunquma ngesibalo samaphesenti ajwayelekile ukuthi ingakanani into yokupholisa injini okufanele yengezwe. Ngomqondo omncane ojwayelekile, ukweqisa ngokweqile kungagwenywa. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili: ukweqisa kubi, ikakhulukazi uma kukhulunywa nge-antifreeze. .