Ukudlula ngokwemithetho yethrafikhi - kwenziwa kanjani lokhu?

Lapho umuntu oshayelayo ekwazi ukudlula ngendlela efanele, ukudlula, ukudlula izimoto ezizayo nezinye izindlela, ushayela imoto ngokuzethemba futhi kuyaqabukela ethola ingozi.

Okuqukethwe

• 1 Umqondo wokudlula - wehluke kanjani kumthofu?
• 2 Kunini lapho ukweqa akukho emthethweni?
• 3 Ungadlula nini?
• 4 Izimpawu ezibonisa ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukudlula
• 5 Ukudlula kabili nokudlula ikholomu - kuyini?
• 6 Amagama ambalwa mayelana nohlangothi oluzayo

Umqondo wokudlula - wehluke kanjani kumthofu?

Imithetho yomgwaqo (SDA), eyacaciswa futhi yengezelelwa futhi ngo-2013, isitshela ukuthi igama elithi "overtake" lisho ukuchezuka kwemoto embalwa noma eyodwa, okusho ukuphuma okufushane kwemoto edlulayo ingena emzileni ozayo futhi ukuyibuyisela emuva. Imithetho yethrafikhi ka-2013 ikubeka ngokusobala ukuthi kude nanoma yikuphi ukuthuthukiswa kubhekwa njengokudlula. Kodwa konke ukudlula kusengaphambili.

Ake sibheke umehluko phakathi kwe-overtake kanye ne-overtake. Okokuqala, ake sicacise ukuthi yimuphi umqondo imithetho ebekwe egameni elithi "oholayo". Konke kulula lapha. I-advance imoto eshayela ngesivinini esikhulu kunejubane lezimoto ezidlulayo. Ngamanye amazwi, uma imoto yakho ihamba ngesivinini esiphezulu endaweni yengxenye engakwesokudla yomgwaqo omkhulu noma ngaphandle kokuwela izimpawu ngaphakathi komzila ofanayo, sikhuluma ngokuhola.

Kuyacaca ngokushesha ukuthi umehluko phakathi kokudlulela phambili nokudlula ucacela wonke umuntu. Esimweni sokuqala, ngokusho kwe-SDA 2013, ukuphuma "kumzila ozayo" akunikeziwe. Kodwa lapho edlula, umshayeli angakwazi ukushayela emzileni ozayo futhi, ngemva kokwenza lokho abekuhlosile, aqiniseke ukuthi ubuyela emuva.

I-SDA: Ukudlula, ukuqhubekela phambili, ithrafikhi ezayo

Kunini lapho ukweqa akukho emthethweni?

Ngokuhambisana ne-SDA 2013, ngaphambi kokudlula, kufanele wenze isiqiniseko sokuthi lapho wenza le ndlela, abanye abasebenzisi bomgwaqo ngeke badale noma yiziphi izithiyo, futhi baqinisekise ukuthi alukho uphawu oluvimbela ukuhamba (3.20). Umuntu oshayelayo kufanele ahlaziye isimo sethrafikhi, akhethe ibanga eliphephile lokudlula, futhi kuphela ngemva kwalokho "kudlula" izimoto ezidlulayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi azikho izimoto emzileni ozayo.

Ukweqa akuvunyelwe kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• imoto ehamba phambili emzileni ofanayo nemoto ehlela ukudlula izimpawu zokuthi umshayeli wayo ufuna ukujikela kwesokunxele;
• imoto engaphambili yenza ukuchezuka kwanoma yisiphi isithiyo noma ukudlula;
• ukudlula iqale imoto ilandela imoto yakho.

Ukweqa futhi kwenqatshelwe lapho umshayeli ebona ukuthi ngemva kokuphothulwa kweqhinga elihleliwe, ngeke akwazi ukubuyela emzileni wakhe ngokuphepha. Ngokombono wesisekelo somqondo ojwayelekile, zonke lezi zixwayiso zibukeka zifaneleka ngokuphelele. Ngamunye wabashayeli bazi kahle ukuthi yile ndlela okufanele uziphathe ngayo emgwaqeni, unakekele ukuphepha kwezimoto kuwo.

Manje ake sikhumbule lezo zindawo emigwaqweni emikhulu lapho ukudlula kungavunyelwe nhlobo. Lokhu ku-SDA 2013 kufaka phakathi izigaba zomgwaqo ezilandelayo:

• ama-flyovers, ama-viaducts, amabhuloho nezikhala ngaphansi kwalezi zakhiwo zobunjiniyela;
• izindawo zokuwela abahamba ngezinyawo;
• izimpambanomgwaqo ezilawulwayo;
• ukuphenduka okuyingozi kanye nezingxenye zokugcina zokukhuphuka;
• ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo ezingenawo amarobhothi noma izilawuli zethrafikhi (i-overtake ayivunyelwe ezimeni lapho imoto ingashayeli emgwaqeni omkhulu);
• izindawo lapho kungabonakali khona;
• imigudu;
• ukuwela umzila wesitimela (ukuqondisa okuchazwe esihlokweni kunqatshelwe ngaphansi kwamamitha ayikhulu ngaphambi kokuwela okunjalo).

Imithetho, eyagunyazwa ngo-2013, ikhomba ukuthi umshayeli wesondo lemoto eyeqile unqatshelwe ukunyusa isivinini ngenkathi enye imoto “idlula” kuyo, noma ukuvimbela umshayeli oweqayo ukuba aqale futhi aqedele umjaho wakhe awuhlelile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezimeni lapho imoto enesivinini esiphansi (isibonelo, iloli) ihamba emgwaqeni, imithetho yomgwaqo idinga ukuthi isize imoto eza ngemuva eku-overtake (imiswe ngokuphelele noma idlule kwesokudla). Lo mthetho uyasebenza lapho ushayela ngaphandle kwezindawo zokuhlala. Ngendlela, kuyiqiniso futhi ezimweni zezimoto ezihamba phambili, hhayi nje ukuzidlula.

I-SDA: Isivinini, ukudlula, ithrafikhi ezayo. Yima bese upaka

Ungadlula nini?

Umshayeli wezimfundamakhwela angase abuze ngokudideka mayelana nezimo lapho ukudlula kuvunyelwe khona. Kungase kubonakale kuye ukuthi imithetho iqinile kakhulu kubashayeli abafuna ukudlula abanye abasebenzisi bomgwaqo, futhi empeleni ingabaniki ithuba lokudlula ngokuphepha ngaphandle kokwephula izidingo zemithetho yomgwaqo ka-2013.

Eqinisweni, ukuqondisa emgwaqeni ochazwe kulesi sihloko kubhekwa phakathi kochwepheshe njengento eyingozi kakhulu kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokuqondisa, okuthi, uma kwenziwa ngokungalungile, kungaholela emiphumeleni eyinhlekelele. Ngakho-ke, imithetho yomgwaqo ilawula ngokuqinile zonke izenzo zomshayeli onquma ukudlula (phambili, ithrafikhi ezayo).

Akunzima ukukhumbula izindawo lapho lokhu kuqondiswa kuvunyelwe. Imithetho Yethrafikhi ka-2013 ivumela ukweqa:

• imigwaqo ewuthelawayeka enemizila emibili, lapho umugqa omaphakathi wenziwa ngokumaka ngezikhathi ezithile;
• imigwaqo enemizila emithathu, lapho kusetshenziswa imigqa yokumaka ephakathi nendawo;
• imigwaqo enemizila emibili nezimpawu ezihlanganisiwe.

Asiphinde. Kufanele ube nesibopho ngangokunokwenzeka esinqumweni sakho ngasinye sokudlula izimoto kunoma yimaphi amacala abonisiwe (avunyelwe). Intengo yephutha lomshayeli ohlulekile ukuhlaziya kahle isimo somgwaqo futhi wenza i-overtake engaphumelelanga iphezulu kakhulu. Bheka nje enye indaba ngengozi embi eyenzeka esiteshini sikamabonakude sasekhaya kusihlwa, futhi uzoqonda ukuthi ezikhathini eziningi idalwa ukuthi umshayeli obhekene nayo akanalo ulwazi mayelana nemibandela yokudlulela phambili noma ukudlula.

Izimpawu ezibonisa ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukudlula

I-SDA 2013 iqukethe ulwazi olumayelana nazo zonke izinhlobo zezimpawu zomgwaqo nezimpawu ezisiza abashayeli ukuhlonza izindawo lapho ukuqondisa okungaphezu kwamandla kuvinjelwe khona. Umsizi othembekile womshayeli wemoto budedengu, emxwayisa ngezenzo ezingenangqondo, weqa umgwaqo kwabahamba ngezinyawo.

Njengoba sekushiwo, kwenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukudlula noma ukudlula endaweni yokuwela abahamba ngezinyawo. Futhi lokhu kusho ukuthi, lapho ebona "idube", umshayeli kufanele akhohlwe ngokushesha ngesifiso sakhe sokufika ngokushesha endaweni ayidingayo. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ukuqondisa abantu endaweni yokuwela abahamba ngezinyawo akuvunyelwe kokubili uma kukhona abantu abawela umgwaqo kuyo, futhi esimweni lapho bengekho abahamba ngezinyawo.

Lapha kungcono ukulandela ngokuqinile imithetho ka-2013 uma ungafuni ukuhlawuliswa. Masingeze ukuthi kokubili i-U-turn kanye nokudlula okuzayo (incazelo yakho izonikezwa ngezansi) nokuhlehla akuvunyelwe endaweni yokuwela abahamba ngezinyawo. Kubonakala sengathi asikho isidingo sokukhuluma mayelana nendlela yokubona "idube" kanye nophawu olushoyo.

Iqiniso lokuthi kukhona abahamba ngezinyawo abawela ngaphambili, noma yimuphi umshayeli uyazi ngezimpawu kanye nophawu oluhambisanayo "5.19". Ngendlela, uma uhlela ukuya phesheya, funda izimpawu zomgwaqo ezithathwe ezweni elithile kusengaphambili. Ezifundeni eziningi (isibonelo, eNew Zealand, eJapane, e-Australia nakwezinye), indawo yokuwela abahamba ngezinyawo imakwe ngezimpawu ezingavamile kakhulu kithi.

Ukudlula nokuqhubekela phambili akukwazi ukwenziwa ebhulohweni nakwezinye izakhiwo. Ngaphambi kokungena kulezo zakhiwo, izimpawu ezifanele zihlale zifakiwe (ikakhulukazi, 3.20). Umshayeli udinga kuphela ukufunda imithetho yomgwaqo futhi ukhumbule ukuthi ukudlula akuvunyelwe ezindaweni ezinjalo eziyingozi (ebhulohweni njalonjalo). Bese ulandela izimpawu futhi ungazami ukucindezela i-gas pedal yonke indlela lapho eshayela phezu kwebhuloho, emhubheni, eduze kwe-overpass ekhethekile.

Uphawu olulandelayo, "elitshela" mayelana nokungenzeki kokuchezuka phambi kwemoto ehambayo, unxantathu omnyama wokuphakama komgwaqo onezinombolo zephesenti ezinquma ukushuba komzila esigabeni esithile. Njengoba sekushiwo, ekupheleni komqansa, akumele udlule imoto ephambi kwemoto yakho. Kodwa ukuqhubekela phambili (khumbula incazelo yaleli gama) ekukhuphukeni kungenzeka ukukhiqiza, kodwa esimweni sokuthi ukunyakaza kwenziwa emgwaqeni wemizila emibili, hhayi umgwaqo owodwa.

Ngakho-ke, sabamba ngekhanda izimpawu ezibonisa ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukudlula amabhuloho futhi ekupheleni kokukhuphuka. Futhi manje ake sivuselele ekhanda ezinye izimpawu ezimbalwa ezifakwe phambi kukaloliwe. ukuhamba (1.1–1.4). Bangase babonise isitimela esibhemayo, isiphambano esibomvu, imigqa eminingana ethambekile ebomvu (kusuka kowodwa ukuya kwemithathu) noma ucingo olumnyama.

Uphawu olunesitimela esinomusi kanye nocingo lubekwe endaweni engamamitha angu-150-300 ngaphambi kokuwela uma kungaphandle kwamadolobha nemizana, kanye namamitha angu-50-100 phakathi kwezindawo zokuhlala. Uma ubona lezi zimpawu, khohlwa ngokushesha mayelana nokudlula!

Njengoba ubona, izimpawu zomgwaqo ezifakiwe ngaphambi kokungena ebhulohweni, endaweni edlulayo, endaweni yokuwela ujantshi nezinye izakhiwo ezingaba yingozi esiminyaminyeni zisiza abashayeli bezimoto ukuthi bangenzi izenzo zokuxhamazela nokuhlehla kungenasidingo.

Inkinga #1: Ukudlula Emzileni

Ukudlula kabili nokudlula ikholomu - kuyini?

Iningi labashayeli bazi kahle ukuthi ukudlula kabili akuvumelekile ezweni lakithi. Nokho, akekho ongasho kahle ukuthi yini efihliwe ngaphansi kwaleli gama. Futhi akumangazi, ngoba umqondo "wokudlula kabili" awucaciswanga emithethweni yomgwaqo. Alikho nje! Kodwa kunesigaba somthetho 11.2, esisho ngokusobala ukuthi: awukwazi ukudlula imoto engaphambili uma umshayeli wayo edlula imoto eshayela phambi kwemoto yakhe.

Ngisho nabashayeli abanolwazi bavame ukuba nezinkinga nabahloli bamaphoyisa omgwaqo okuhambisana nokudlula kabili. Ikakhulukazi ezimweni lapho umshayeli ezama ukuphambukisa izimoto eziningana phambi kwakhe ngokohlelo olubizwa ngokuthi "isitimela". Ake sithi kunezimoto ezimbili phambi kwemoto yakho ezingazami ukwenza noma iyiphi indlela. Kungenzeka yini ukubadlula (kulokhu kabili)? Ayikho impendulo eqondile, ngakho-ke, ukuze ungabi umephuli, kungcono ukungazami ukwenza ukudlula kabili, njengoba kungabangela ingozi.

Futhi manje ake sicabangele imithetho lapho ikholomu ehlelekile yezimoto ifinyelelwa. Umqondo wekholomu enjalo uhlanganisa izimoto ezihamba nemoto ekhethekile ehambisana nayo (ishayela nge-beacon ebomvu neluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngaphambili futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ikhipha izimpawu zomsindo). Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukholamu ehleliwe kufanele okungenani kube nezimoto ezintathu.

Ngokwemithetho yethrafikhi emigwaqweni yezwe lethu, kwenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukudlula izinsika zokuthutha ezihleliwe. Hlala njalo ukukhumbula lokhu uma unesifiso sokwenza njalo. Ngokuthuthukisa ikholomu ngemoto ehambisana nayo, ngokungangabazeki uzojeziswa, kanye nesamba "esihlelekile" kakhulu.

Ithrafikhi edlulayo nezayo

Amagama ambalwa mayelana nohlangothi oluzayo

Ezindlini, kude nemigwaqo emikhulu ekahle, ngezinye izikhathi kuba nokuncipha okungalindelekile komgwaqo ngenxa yohlobo oluthile lwesithiyo esiye savela ngenxa yezizathu ezingalindelekile (kungaba imoto ephukile, imigwaqo, nezimo ezifanayo). Emigwaqweni enemizila eminingana ohlangothini olulodwa, izithiyo ezinjalo azibangeli izinkinga. Umshayeli angakwazi ukuwazungeza kalula ngaphandle kokushiya umzila ozayo.

Kodwa emgwaqeni onguthelawayeka onemizila emibili, ubunzima obukhona abunakuxazululeka kalula kanjalo. Uma uzama ukuzungeza isithiyo eceleni komgwaqo, uzohlawuliswa. Kuvele ukuthi kuyadingeka ukuthi uqondise imoto yakho emzileni ozayo, wenze iphasi elizayo lisithakazelise ngezimoto ezihamba ngakolunye uhlangothi. Umthetho oyisisekelo walokhu kudlula umi kanje: imoto engena "emzileni ozayo" kufanele idedele imoto ezihambela emzileni wayo.