Amandla enjini yomlilo yangaphakathi kanye ne-motor kagesi - indlela yokuhumusha? Bheka ukuthi inombolo ye-km ibaluleke kakhulu yini!

Imingcele yezinombolo ebaluleke kakhulu yemoto amandla enjini namandla. Uyini umehluko phakathi kwale miqondo? Amandla akhombisa ukuthi izinto zisebenzisana kanjani. Iyunithi yayo yi-newtons. Amandla, ngakolunye uhlangothi, akhombisa isilinganiso somsebenzi nesikhathi esisithathayo ukuwenza. Ezinjinini, lawa manani anomthelela omkhulu ekujikelezeni kweyunithi. Indlela yokubala amandla enjini? I-KW iyunithi ezoba usizo. Sethula ama-nuances futhi siphakamisa indlela yokubala amandla eyunithi yokushayela!

Amandla enjini - kuyini?

Ngokuvamile kuthiwa imoto nge uhlobo injini has 100 noma 150 amahhashi. Nokho, lawa mayunithi awayona ingxenye yohlelo lwe-SI lwamayunithi futhi kufanele abalwe ukusuka ku-kilowatts (kW). Ngakho-ke, ephepheni ledatha yemoto uzothola ulwazi lokuthi mangaki ama-kW injini enawo, hhayi amandla amahhashi. Amandla enjini inani lomsebenzi futhi akalwa ku-shaft shaft yeyunithi noma kumasondo (isibonelo, ku-dynamometer). Ngokwemvelo, ukulinganisa ngqo enjini kuzonikeza inani eliphakeme kancane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu akulona inani elihlala njalo, njengoba kuncike ekungeneni kwemali.

Indlela yokubala amandla emoto (kW)?

Ukuze ubale amandla emoto ku-kW, amanani amabili ayadingeka:

• i-torque;
• isivinini senjini.

Ake sithi ufuna ukuthenga injini ekhiqiza i-torque engu-160 Nm ngesivinini esingu-2500 rpm. Ukuze uthole amandla ngama-kilowatts, udinga ukuphindaphinda lawa manani bese uhlukanisa ngo-9549,3. Iliphi inani ozolithola? Kuvele ukuthi injini kulesi sikhathi sokuzungeza ikhiqiza amandla angu-41,88 kW. Phindaphinda umphumela ngo-1,36 ukuze uthole inani ku-km. Lokhu kunikeza cishe i-57 hp.

Amandla alinganiselwe enjini evuthayo yangaphakathi - anikezwa kanjani?

Amandla alinganiselwe aveza amandla awusizo. Ihlala ikalwa ku-drive shaft yenjini, futhi endabeni yezinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi iboniswa ku-kW noma i-hp. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi amandla enjini awalona inani elingashintshi. Kuncike kakhulu ejubaneni lenjini kanye netorque. Yingakho, isibonelo, amayunithi kaphethiloli kanye nodizili anezici zokusebenza ezihluke kakhulu, futhi akunangqondo ukujiya eyokuqala ngesivinini esikhulu. Indlela yokuyiqonda?

Isikhungo samandla samamotho kagesi nezinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi kanye nomthelela wama-revolutions

Ake sibuyele emuva encazelweni yetorque. Lawa amandla avezwa kuma-newtons. Ikhuluma ngokushintsha isimo somzimba wesisindo esithile ngokusheshisa okuthile. Izinjini zikadizili zinetorque eyengeziwe ebangeni eliphansi le-rpm. Ngokuvamile bafinyelela inani labo eliphezulu ebangeni lika-1500-3500 rpm. Bese uzwa into engathi ucindezelwa esihlalweni. Lolu uhlobo lokulandelana olunciphayo njengoba inzuzo inyuka ngaphezu kwalo mkhawulo.

Amandla kanye ne-torque yezinjini zikaphethiloli

Izinjini zikaphethiloli zihluke ngokuphelele, nakuba kusetshenziswa ama-turbocharger, lo mehluko uyasulwa. Bavame ukufinyelela i-torque yabo ephezulu ezungeze i-4000-5500 rpm. Yingakho amayunithi kaphethiloli afiselekayo ngokwemvelo enamandla amakhulu enjini ezingxenyeni ezingenhla zama-revolution futhi agijimele kuwo.

Yini enye edingekayo - hp. noma Nm?

Kungenzeka ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi izincazelo zemoto ngokuvamile ziqukethe ulwazi mayelana namandla enjini ethile. Lezi izinombolo ngokuvamile eziyindilinga futhi "ezinhle" kakhulu. Isibonelo, amayunithi edizili e-VAG ngamanye ngesikhathi esisodwa ayenama-90, 110, 130 kanye ne-150 hp. Lokhu kusize ukukhulisa intshisekelo ezimotweni ezingazodwana kakhulu. Nokho, ekusebenzeni kwansuku zonke, ukunyakaza okuphumelelayo, into ebaluleke kakhulu akuyona amandla enjini, kodwa i-torque yayo. Kungani?

Kungani i-torque ngezinye izikhathi isho okungaphezu kwamandla enjini?

Ukuguquguquka kweyunithi kuncike ekutheni injini enikeziwe ine-Nm engaki nokuthi ikhiqiza kuliphi ibanga lesivinini. Yingakho izinjini ezincane zifakelwe ama-turbocharger. Ngenxa yalokhu, akudingeki ukuthi zigcinwe ngesivinini esiphezulu ukuze zithole imingcele yokusebenza efanele. Lesi sici siwusizo uma ulayishwe kakhulu, njengalapho ushayela unomthwalo omningi, udlula noma ushayela ukhuphuka. Khona-ke kusobala ukuthi izinjini ezincane zikaphethiloli kufanele zigcinwe ngaphakathi kwezinkulungwane ezi-3-4. rpm ukuze usebenze kahle. Udizili, ngakolunye uhlangothi, awudingi i-RPM engaka ukuze uphathe izimo ezinzima kahle. Lapho ukhetha imoto, qaphela kuphela ukuthi imodeli enikeziwe inamandla angakanani amahhashi. Bheka futhi ukuthi ikhulisa kuliphi ibanga amandla netorque. Kwenzeka ukuthi amayunithi amabili anamandla afanayo anezici zokusebenza ezihluke ngokuphelele, ngoba asebenza ebangeni elihlukile lejubane. Ngakho khumbula ukuthi amandla injini akuyona yonke into. I-torque esheshayo netholakala kabanzi iyona ebalulekile ekuhambeni kahle.