Izincwadi zokushayela zomhlaba wonke

Ngokuvamile, lapho bevakashela amazwe angomakhelwane, abantu bakhetha imoto yomuntu siqu kunezithuthi zomphakathi. Lesi sinqumo sikuphoqa ukuthi ucabange ukuthi ungayithola kanjani ilayisense yokushayela yamazwe ngamazwe, ezokuvumela ukuthi uhambe ngokukhululeka emazweni angaphandle.

Ilayisensi yokushayela yamazwe ngamazwe: iyini futhi kungani idingeka

Kuyo yonke ikhulunyaka lamashumi amabili, umphakathi womhlaba wenze imizamo eminingana yokulawula izimoto zamazwe ngamazwe ngenhloso yokwenza lula ukuhamba kwabantu phakathi kwamazwe ezimotweni ezizimele. Le mizamo yaholela okokuqala ku-Paris Convention on Road Traffic ka-1926, kwase kuba se-Geneva Convention ka-1949 futhi ekugcineni ku-Vienna Convention yango-1968 ngesihloko esifanayo.

Ilayisensi yokushayela yamazwe ngamazwe idokhumenti eqinisekisa ukuthi umnikazi wayo unelungelo lokushayela izimoto zezigaba ezithile ngaphandle kwemingcele yezwe elisingethe.

Ngokwezigaba. ii isigaba 2 se-athikili 41 yeSivumelwano SaseVienna, ilayisense yokushayela yamazwe ngamazwe (ngemuva kwalokhu ebizwa nangokuthi i-IDP, ilayisense yokushayela yamazwe ngamazwe) isebenza kuphela lapho yethulwe kanye nelayisensi kazwelonke.

Ngakho-ke, i-IDP, ngenhloso yayo, ingumbhalo owengeziwe emthethweni wasekhaya, ophinda imininingwane equkethwe kuwo ngezilimi zamaqembu e-Vienna Convention.

Ukubukeka nokuqukethwe kwe-IDP

NgokweSithasiselo No. 7 seSivumelwano SaseVienna sika-1968, ama-IDP akhishwa ngendlela yencwadi egoqwe ngomugqa ogoqekayo. Ubukhulu bayo buyi-148 by 105 millimeters, ehambisana nefomethi ye-A6 evamile. Isembozo simpunga kanti amanye amakhasi amhlophe.

Imodeli ye-IDP kusukela ku-Appendix No. 7 kuya ku-Vienna Convention ka-1968 kufanele iqondiswe yiwo wonke amazwe athintekayo esivumelwaneni.

Ekuthuthukisweni kwezinhlinzeko zomhlangano ngo-2011, i-Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs No. 206 yamukelwa. Ku-Appendix No. 1 kuyo, eminye imingcele ye-IDP icacisiwe. Isibonelo, izikhala zesitifiketi zihlukaniswa njengemibhalo yezinga “B” evikelwe ekukhohlisweni okungamanga, njengoba zenziwa kusetshenziswa lokho okubizwa ngokuthi ama-watermark.

Isisekelo se-IDP, esakhiwe eRussia, siyisampula samazwe ngamazwe, esilungiselwe imininingwane kazwelonke

Njengoba sekushiwo, i-IDL iwuhlobo lwesijobelelo samalungelo kazwelonke, okuyisisekelo esiwukwenza ulwazi oluqukethwe kuwo lutholakale kubameleli bezinhlangano zombuso zezwe umnikazi wemoto ahlala kulo. Ngalesi sizathu, okuqukethwe kuhunyushelwe ezilimini ezingaphezu kweziyi-10. Phakathi kwazo: isiNgisi, isi-Arabhu, isiJalimane, isiShayina, isiNtaliyane nesiJapane. Umthetho wamazwe ngamazwe uqukethe ulwazi olulandelayo:

• isibongo kanye negama lomnikazi wemoto;
• usuku lokuzalwa;
• indawo yokuhlala (ukubhaliswa);
• isigaba semoto evunyelwe ukushayelwa;
• usuku lokukhishwa kwe-IDL;
• uchungechunge kanye nenombolo yelayisensi kazwelonke yokushayela;
• igama lesiphathimandla esikhiphe isitifiketi.

Ukushayela imoto eRussia ekushayeleni kwamazwe ngamazwe namalungelo angaphandle

Ezakhamuzini zaseRussia, ngemva kokuthola i-IDP, zinqume ukuzisebenzisa lapho ushayela imoto ezweni lakithi, lezi zindaba ziyadumaza. Ngokuhambisana nesigaba 8 se-Art. 25 Womthetho Wombuso "Ezokuphepha Emgwaqeni" No. 196-FZ ngalezi zinhloso, i-IDP ayivumelekile. Ingasetshenziswa kuphela ohambweni lwangaphandle.

Okungukuthi, ukushayela imoto endaweni yaseRussia ngesitifiketi samazwe ngamazwe ngabamele umthetho nokuhleleka kuzolingana nokushayela imoto ngaphandle kwemibhalo. Umphumela wokwephulwa okunjalo ungase ulethe umthwalo wemfanelo wokuphatha ngaphansi kwe-Art. 12.3 ye-Code of Administrative Offences ye-Russian Federation nenhlawulo efika kuma-ruble angama-500.

Uma umshayeli engenawo amalungelo kazwelonke avumelekile nhlobo, khona-ke uzokhangwa ngaphansi kwe-Art. 12.7 yeKhodi Yamacala Okuphatha we-Russian Federation. Ngokwengxenye 1 yalesi sihloko, angase akhokhiswe inhlawulo yama-ruble angu-5 kuya kwangu-15.

Isimo sithakazelisa kakhulu ngabantu bakwamanye amazwe abanquma ukushayela izimoto ngokwamalungelo abo kazwelonke.

Isigaba 12 se-athikili 25 yoMthetho Wombuso "Ezokuphepha Emgwaqeni" sivumela abantu kokubili isikhashana nangunaphakade endaweni yabo ngaphandle kwamalayisensi okushayela angaphakathi ukuthi basebenzise awangaphandle.

Ngaphambi kokwamukelwa komthetho emagameni amanje, kwakukhona umthetho wokuthi isakhamuzi saseRussia sinelungelo lokusebenzisa amalungelo angaphandle kuphela phakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-60 ngemva kokuthola ubuzwe. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi esasungulwa yiSimemezelo Sikahulumeni, kwakudingeka ashintshe ilayisense yakhe yokushayela yangaphandle ayenzele isiRashiya.

Mayelana nabavakashi bakwamanye amazwe, abazange bazibophezele ekutholeni amalungelo asekhaya. Ngokusebenzisa izigaba 14, 15 ze-athikili 25 yoMthetho Wenhlangano eshiwo, abantu bangaphandle bangakwazi ukushayela izimoto ngesisekelo semithetho yamazwe ngamazwe noma kazwelonke enokuhumusha okusemthethweni ngolimi lwezwe lwezwe lethu.

Okuwukuphela komthetho ojwayelekile yilabo bezinye izizwe abasebenza emkhakheni wezokuthutha wezimpahla, ezokuthutha ezizimele: abashayeli bamatekisi, abashayeli bamaloli, njll. (isigaba 13 se-athikili 25 ye-Federal Law No. 196-FZ).

Ngokuphulwa kwalesi silungiselelo esingokomthetho, Ikhodi Yamacala Okuphatha ye-Russian Federation inikeza unswinyo ngendlela yenhlawulo ngenani lama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingu-50 ngaphansi kwe-athikili 12.32.1.

Abokufika abasebenza eRussia njengabashayeli, abashayeli bamaloli, abashayeli bamatekisi kudingeka bathole ilayisense yokushayela yaseRussia

Umbuso okhethekile unikezwe abashayeli abavela eKyrgyzstan, okuthi, ngisho nalapho beshayela izimoto ngokomsebenzi, banelungelo lokungashintshi ilayisense yabo yokushayela kazwelonke ibe eyeRussia.

Ngakho, sikhuthaza izifundazwe ezibonisa inhlonipho ngolimi lwesiRashiya futhi zikufake kumthetho-sisekelo wazo, okuwulimi lwazo olusemthethweni.

Inhloko yeKomidi le-State Duma yeRussian Federation yezindaba ze-CIS uLeonid Kalashnikov

http://tass.ru/ekonomika/4413828

Ukushayela imoto phesheya ngaphansi komthetho kazwelonke

Kuze kube manje, amazwe angaphezu kuka-75 ayingxenye yeSivumelwano saseVienna, phakathi kwawo ungathola amazwe amaningi aseYurophu (i-Austria, i-Czech Republic, i-Estonia, iFrance, iJalimane, njalonjalo), amanye amazwe ase-Afrika (Kenya, Tunisia, South Africa). Afrika), e-Asia (Kazakhstan, Republic of Korea , Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia) ngisho nakwamanye amazwe e-New World (Venezuela, Uruguay).

Emazweni abambe iqhaza ku-Vienna Convention, izakhamizi zaseRussia zingakwazi, ngaphandle kokukhipha i-IDP, zisebenzisa uhlobo olusha lwelayisense yokushayela kazwelonke: amakhadi epulasitiki akhishwe kusukela ngo-2011, ngoba ahambisana ngokugcwele nezidingo zeSithasiselo No. 6 seSivumelwano esishiwo.

Nokho, lesi simo esihle kakhulu sezindaba ephepheni asihambisani ngokugcwele nokwenza. Abathandi bezimoto abaningi, bethembele emandleni esivumelwano samazwe ngamazwe, bahamba bezungeza iYurophu namalungelo aseRussia futhi babhekana nenani lobunzima lapho bezama ukusebenzisa izinsizakalo zezinkampani eziqashisa ngezimoto. Ikakhulukazi okufundisayo kumongo wesihloko esidingidwayo indaba yabantu engibaziyo abahlawuliswa inani elibalulekile amaphoyisa omgwaqo ase-Italy ngenxa yokungabi nayo i-IDP.

Amazwe amaningi, ngenxa yesizathu esisodwa noma esinye, enqabile ukujoyina isivumelwano samazwe ngamazwe, ngakho-ke ukuqaphela kokubili izitifiketi zikazwelonke nezamazwe ngamazwe endaweni yawo. Amazwe anjalo ahlanganisa, isibonelo, i-United States futhi cishe wonke amazwe aseNyakatho Melika nase-Australia. Uma ufisa ukushayela imoto yangasese ezifundeni ezinjalo, uzodinga ukuthola isitifiketi sendawo.

Indaba yaseJapane ithakazelisa ngokukhethekile. Kuyizwe eliyivelakancane elasayina i-Geneva Convention of 1949, kodwa azange lisemukele iSivumelwano saseVienna esathatha indawo yaso. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukuphela kwendlela yokushayela eJapan ukuthola ilayisense yaseJapan.

Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukuthi izwe liyingxenye yanoma yimuphi umhlangano wethrafikhi womgwaqo ngaphambi kokuhamba ngemoto yomuntu siqu.

Kunoma yikuphi, egameni lami, ngithanda ukuncoma ukuthi ngingalondolozi kumklamo we-IDL. Naye, uqinisekisiwe ukuthi ngeke ube nokungaboni ngaso linye namaphoyisa endawo namahhovisi aqashisayo.

Umehluko phakathi kwelayisensi yokushayela yamazwe ngamazwe kanye neyezwe lonke

Amalayisensi kazwelonke okushayela kanye nama-IDP awawona amaphepha aqhudelanayo. Ngokuphambene, umthetho wamazwe ngamazwe uklanyelwe ukulungisa okuqukethwe komthetho wangaphakathi neziphathimandla zakwamanye amazwe.

Ithebula: Umehluko phakathi kwe-IDL namalayisensi okushayela aseRussia

Ilayisensi yokushayela yaseRussia	I-MSU
Indaba	Ipulasitiki	Iphepha
usayizi	85,6 x 54 mm, enemiphetho eyindilinga	148 x 105 mm (usayizi wencwajana A6)
Imithetho yokugcwalisa	ephrintiwe	Iphrintiwe futhi ibhalwe ngesandla
Gcwalisa ulimi	Ukukopisha isiRashiya nesiLatini	Izilimi eziyisi-9 eziyinhloko zamaqembu eNgqungquthela
Icacisa ububanzi	No	Mhlawumbe
Inkomba yelayisense yokushayela enye	No	Usuku nenombolo yesitifiketi sikazwelonke
Ukusetshenziswa kwezimpawu zokufunda ngogesi	Zikhona	No

Ngokuvamile, ama-IDP namalungelo kazwelonke anomehluko omkhulu kunokufana. Alawulwa yimibhalo ehlukene, ahlukene ngokubonakalayo nangokuzwakalayo. Bahlanganiswe kuphela ngenjongo: ukuqinisekiswa kweziqu ezifanele zomshayeli ukushayela imoto yesigaba esithile.

I-oda nenqubo yokuthola ilayisense yokushayela yamazwe ngamazwe

Inqubo yokukhishwa kwezitifiketi zikazwelonke nezamazwe ngamazwe imiswe ngokujwayelekile ngesenzo esisodwa: Isinqumo Sikahulumeni Wenhlangano YaseRussia yangomhla zingama-24 kuMfumfu, 2014 No. 1097. Njengoba i-IDP ingeyona idokhumenti ezimele futhi ikhishwa ngesisekelo sekhaya. Ilayisensi yokushayela yaseRussia, inqubo yokuyikhipha yenziwa ibe lula futhi isheshe ngangokunokwenzeka. Isibonelo, ukuphinda uphumelele ukuhlolwa lapho uthola amalungelo omhlaba wonke akudingekile.

I-state traffic inspectorate ihlinzeka ngensizakalo yomphakathi ekukhishweni kwe-IDL ngokuhambisana neMithethonqubo yayo Yokuphatha No. 20.10.2015 yamhla zingama-995 kuMfumfu wezi-XNUMX. Phakathi kokunye, icacisa imigomo yokukhishwa kwelayisensi yokushayela: kufikela kumizuzu eyi-15 yabelwe ukwamukela nokuhlola amadokhumenti kanye nemizuzu efinyelela kwengama-30 yokukhipha ilayisensi ngokwayo (izigaba 76 kanye ne-141 zeMithethonqubo Yokuphatha). Okusho ukuthi, ungathola i-IDL ngosuku lokufaka isicelo.

Amaphoyisa omgwaqo angakumisa okwesikhashana ukukhishwa kwesitifiketi samazwe ngamazwe noma asenqabe ezimweni ezilandelayo kuphela, ezinqunywe yiMithetho Yokuphatha:

• ukuntuleka kwemibhalo edingekayo;
• ukuhanjiswa kwemibhalo ephelelwe yisikhathi;
• ukuba khona kumadokhumenti athunyelwe okufakiwe okwenziwe ngepensela noma ngokusula, okungeziwe, amagama anqanyuliwe, ukulungiswa okungacacisiwe, kanye nokungabikho kolwazi oludingekayo, amasignesha, izimpawu kuwo;
• ungafiki eminyakeni engu-18;
• ukutholakala kolwazi mayelana nokuphucwa ilungelo lomfakisicelo lokushayela izimoto;
• ukuhanjiswa kwemibhalo engahlangabezani nezidingo zomthetho weRussian Federation, kanye nokuqukethe imininingwane engamanga;
• ukulethwa kwemibhalo enezimpawu zomgunyathi, kanye naleyo ephakathi kwabalahlekile (ebiwe).

Kuzo zonke ezinye izimo, imibhalo yakho kufanele yamukelwe futhi kuhlinzekwe nenkonzo yomphakathi. Uma wenqatshwa ngokungemthetho ilayisensi yamazwe ngamazwe yokushayela, isenzo esinjalo (ukungenzi lutho) sesikhulu singadluliswa nguwe ngenqubo yokuphatha noma yokwahlulela. Isibonelo, ngokuthumela isikhalazo kusikhulu esiphezulu noma umshushisi.

Imibhalo edingekayo

Ngokwesigaba 34 seSimemezelo Sikahulumeni No. 1097, imibhalo elandelayo izodingeka ukuze uthole i-IDL:

• uhlelo lokusebenza;
• iphasiphothi noma omunye umazisi;
• Ilayisensi kazwelonke yokushayela yaseRussia;
• usayizi wesithombe 35x45 mm, owenziwe ngombala omnyama nomhlophe noma umbala ephepheni le-matte.

Ngokungafani namalayisense okushayela kazwelonke, amalayisense okushayela aphesheya awazithathi izithombe, ngakho-ke uzodinga ukuthi uze nesithombe nawe

Kuze kube ngu-2017, uhlu lubuye lufake umbiko wezokwelapha, kodwa okwamanje alufakiwe ohlwini, njengoba isimo sezempilo, njengawo wonke amanye amaqiniso abalulekile ngokomthetho, sicaciswa lapho sithola amalungelo kazwelonke.

Uhlu oluvela ku-Government Decree No. 1097 alisho nezwi mayelana nesidingo sokuhlinzeka idokhumenti eqinisekisa ukukhokhwa kwemali yombuso noma ipasipoti yangaphandle. Lokhu kusho ukuthi abameleli bemigwamanda yombuso abanalo ilungelo lokufuna la madokhumenti kuwe. Nokho, ngisangathanda ukutusa ukunamathisela ipasipoti evumelekile kumadokhumenti adingekayo. Iqiniso liwukuthi uma unamathela ngokuqinile encwadini yomthetho futhi ungaphambuki ohlwini lwamadokhumenti, khona-ke ukupela kwegama lakho kupasipoti yangaphandle kanye ne-IDL kungase kuhluke. Ukungafani okunjalo kuqinisekisiwe ukuthi kuzodala izinkinga ezingadingekile namaphoyisa ohambweni lwangaphandle.

Ividiyo: iseluleko kulabo abafisa ukuthola i-IDL kunhloko yomnyango we-MREO eKrasnoyarsk

Ukuthola ilayisense yokushayela yamazwe ngamazwe

Uhlelo lokusebenza lwesampula

Ifomu lesicelo ligunyazwe ku-Annex 2 ku-Administration Regulations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs No. 995.

Lapho uthintana ne-MFC noma amaphoyisa omgwaqo, uzonikezwa isicelo sesampula esinjalo, ngakho-ke akudingekile ukuba ulethe nawe.

Imininingwane eyisisekelo yohlelo lokusebenza:

1. Imininingwane yomnyango wamaphoyisa omgwaqo ofaka kuwo isicelo se-IDP.
2. Igama lakhe, idatha yepasipoti (uchungechunge, inombolo, ubani, lapho ikhishwe, njll.).
3. Empeleni isicelo sokukhishwa kwe-IDP.
4. Uhlu lwamadokhumenti anamathiselwe esicelweni.
5. Usuku lokulungiswa kwedokhumenti, isiginesha kanye nokulotshiweyo.

Ungayithola kuphi i-IDP nokuthi ibiza malini

Ngokuhambisana nesimiso esisungulwe yi-Government Decree No. 1097, i-visa yamazwe ngamazwe ingatholakala ku-MREO STSI (umnyango wokubhaliswa kwezifunda kanye nokuhlolwa kwezifunda), kungakhathaliseki ukuthi indawo yokubhaliswa kwesakhamuzi ekhonjiswe epasipoti.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, akekho othembisa ukuthi noma yimuphi umnyango wamaphoyisa omgwaqo uzokwazi ukukunikeza insizakalo engavamile kangako. Ngakho-ke, ngithanda ukukucebisa ukuthi uhlole ukuthi amaphoyisa omgwaqo we-MREO aseduze akhipha izitifiketi zamazwe ngamazwe. Lokhu kungenziwa kokubili ngenombolo yocingo yesikhungo osifunayo, nakuwebhusayithi esemthethweni yamaphoyisa omgwaqo esifundeni sakho.

Isitifiketi samazwe ngamazwe singatholakala kwa-MFC. Njengasendabeni yeminyango yamaphoyisa omgwaqo, ikheli lokubhalisa kwakho ukuhlinzekwa kwale sevisi alinandaba, ngoba ungathintana nanoma yisiphi isikhungo esisebenza ngezinto eziningi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, imali eyengeziwe yokuhlinzekwa kwenkonzo ngeke ithathwe kuwe futhi izonqunyelwa kuphela inani lemali kahulumeni, okuzoxoxwa ngayo kamuva.

Ngokuvamile, ukuthola isitifiketi samazwe ngamazwe kwenzeka ngale ndlela elandelayo:

1. Ukuvakasha komuntu siqu ku-MFC. Ukuze uqede noma okungenani unciphise isikhathi esichithwa kulayini, ungenza i-aphoyintimenti kusengaphambili ngokushayela umnyango owuthandayo noma kuwebhusayithi.
2. Ukukhokhwa komsebenzi wombuso. Lokhu kungenziwa emishinini engaphakathi kwe-MFC, noma kunoma yiliphi ibhange elikahle.
3. Ukulethwa kwamadokhumenti. Isicelo, iphasiphothi, isithombe kanye nomazisi kazwelonke. Amakhophi adingekayo amadokhumenti akho azokwenziwa khona lapho yisisebenzi sesikhungo.
4. Ukuthola i-IDP entsha. Isikhathi sokushintsha le sevisi singafika ezinsukwini zebhizinisi eziyi-15. Inqubo yokusebenza ngamalungelo akho ingalawulwa inombolo yerisidi ngocingo noma kuwebhusayithi.

I-MFC, empeleni, ingumxhumanisi phakathi kwesakhamuzi kanye nohlaka lukahulumeni oluhlinzeka ngemisebenzi yomphakathi.

Okwesimanjemanje futhi okulungele ukuthumela isicelo se-IDL ngekhasi elihambisanayo lengosi yezinsiza zomphakathi. Ngaphezu kweqiniso lokuthi esigabeni sokufaka isicelo uzogwema isidingo sokuvela mathupha eminyangweni yamaphoyisa omgwaqo futhi uvikele olayini abade, bonke abafaka izicelo zamalungelo omhlaba ku-inthanethi bathola isaphulelo esingu-30% emalini yombuso.

Ngakho-ke, uma inhlawulo evamile yokukhipha i-IDP ngokuhambisana nesigaba sama-42 seNgxenye 1 ye-Art. I-333.33 ye-Tax Code ye-Russian Federation ingama-ruble angu-1600, khona-ke kuwebhusayithi yenkonzo yomphakathi amalungelo afanayo azokubiza kuphela ama-ruble angu-1120.

Ngakho-ke, unezindlela ezintathu zokuthola i-IDL: ngamaphoyisa omgwaqo, i-MFC kanye nesicelo se-inthanethi ngokusebenzisa iwebhusayithi yezinsizakalo zomphakathi. Izindleko zokuthola isitifiketi zinqunywa inani lomsebenzi wombuso futhi ziyahlukahluka kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-1120 lapho usebenzisa ingosi yezinsizakalo zomphakathi kuya kuma-ruble ayi-1600.

Ividiyo: ukuthola i-IDL

Ukushintsha ilayisensi yokushayela kanye nokuthola i-IDP

Ukushintshwa kwelayisensi yokushayela yamazwe ngamazwe

Ngokuvumelana nesigaba 35 soMqulo Kahulumeni Wenhlangano YaseRussia No. 1097, ama-IDP athathwa njengangavumelekile futhi akhonjelwe ekukhanselweni kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• uma ilayisensi yokushayela isiphelelwe yisikhathi;
• uma idatha yomuntu siqu equkethwe ilayisense yokushayela ishintshile;
• uma ilayisensi yokushayela ingasasebenzi ukuze isetshenziswe ngenxa yokuguga, ukulimala noma ezinye izizathu futhi ulwazi olukhonjiswe kuyo (noma ingxenye yalo) alukwazi ukunqunywa ngokubonakalayo;
• uma ilayisense yokushayela ikhishwe ngesisekelo semibhalo eqashelwa njengefojiwe (umgunyathi) ngokuhambisana nenqubo emisiwe, noma ekhishwe ngokwephulwa kwenqubo esungulwe yile Mithetho;
• uma isitatimende samukelwe mayelana nokulahleka (ukwebiwa) kwelayisensi yokushayela;
• uma ilayisensi entsha yokushayela isikhishiwe;
• uma kuqinisekiswa ukuthi umshayeli wemoto une-contraindication yezokwelapha noma imingcele yezokwelapha eyayingaziwa ngaphambili ekushayeleni.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kwenzeka ukuchithwa kwamalungelo aseRussia, amazwe ngamazwe abuye angasebenzi ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi kufanele ashintshwe (isigaba 36 seSimemezelo Sikahulumeni No. 1097).

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-metamorphosis eyinqaba yenzeke ngokusemthethweni kwesitifiketi samazwe ngamazwe eRussia. Ngokwesigaba sesi-2 sesigatshana sama-33 seSimemezelo Sikahulumeni No. 1097, i-IDP ikhishwa isikhathi esiyiminyaka emithathu, kodwa esingengaphezu kwesikhathi sokufaneleka kwesitifiketi sikazwelonke. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izitifiketi zaseRussia zihlala zisebenza iminyaka eyishumi yonke. Kuseyindida ukuthi kungani isishayamthetho senze umehluko omkhulu kangaka phakathi kwale mibhalo emibili.

Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokufaneleka kwelayisensi eyodwa yokushayela yaseRussia, kungase kudingeke ukuthi ushintshe kuze kufike kwabathathu bamazwe ngamazwe.

Ukulungiselelwa okungenangqondo kwesikhathi sokufaneleka kweminye imibhalo kuholela ekwakhekeni kolayini

Ayikho inqubo ekhethekile yokushintsha i-IDP eRussia. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amalungelo omhlaba ashintshwa ngokuvumelana nemithetho efanayo ngesikhathi sokukhishwa kokuqala: iphakheji efanayo yemibhalo, amanani afanayo emali yezwe, izindlela ezifanayo ezimbili zokuthola. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, akunangqondo ukuwaphinda futhi.

Isibopho sokushayela imoto phesheya ngaphandle kwe-IDL

Ukushayela imoto ngaphandle kwe-IDL kufaniswa namaphoyisa ombuso wangaphandle nezimoto zokushayela ezingenawo amaphepha nhlobo. Okuhlobene nalokhu ukuqina kwezijeziso zokwephulwa okunjalo okungenangozi. Njengomthetho, izinhlawulo, ukuphucwa ilungelo lokushayela imoto, "amaphuzu okujeziswa" ngisho nokuboshwa asetshenziswa njengesijeziso.

Inhlawulo yase-Ukraine yokushayela imoto ngaphandle kwelayisensi incane uma kuqhathaniswa: isuka cishe kuma-euro ayi-15 ngamalayisense okushayela akhohlweka ekhaya iye ku-60 ngenxa yokungabikho kwawo ngokuphelele.

E-Czech Republic, unswinyo lunzima kakhulu: hhayi inhlawulo kuphela ngenani lama-euro angama-915 kuya ku-1832, kodwa futhi nokuqoqwa kwamaphoyinti ama-4 (amaphuzu ayi-12 - ukuncishwa ilungelo lokushayela imoto unyaka).

E-Italy, umuntu oshayela imoto ngaphandle kwelayisensi angakwazi ukwehla ngenhlawulo encane yama-euro angu-400, kodwa umnikazi wemoto uzokhokha izikhathi eziningana ngaphezulu - ama-euro ayizinkulungwane ezingu-9.

ESpain naseFrance, abashayeli abanonya kakhulu abashayela izimoto ngaphandle kwemvume efanele bangaboshwa kusukela ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuya onyakeni owodwa.

Ngakho umshayeli kufanele acabange izikhathi eziningana ngaphambi kokuthatha uhambo lokuya emazweni aseYurophu ngemoto yangasese ngaphandle kwemibhalo edingekayo. Ngempela, kungcono ukuchitha usuku olulodwa nama-ruble angu-1600 ukuze uthole i-IDP kunokuzifaka engozini yokubanjwa ngokwephula umthetho futhi ukhokhe izinhlawulo ezinkulu.

Iningi lamazwe ayizindawo zokuvakasha ezidumile phakathi kwamaRussia ayingxenye yeSivumelwano saseVienna sango-1968, okusho ukuthi ayaqaphela ilayisense yokushayela kazwelonke yaseRussia. Nokho, leli qiniso alikwenzi nhlobo ukubhaliswa kwe-IDP kube ukumosha isikhathi nemali. Basiza ukugwema ukungezwani namaphoyisa omgwaqo wezwe langaphandle, umshwalense nezinkampani eziqashisa ngezimoto.