Imoto iqala futhi izitebele ngokushesha noma ngemva kwemizuzwana embalwa: yini okufanele uyenze?

Isimo lapho injini yemoto iqala, futhi ngemva kwemizuzwana embalwa iyama, sijwayelekile kubashayeli abaningi. Ngokuvamile kukuthatha ungalindele, kukudide futhi kukwenze ube novalo.

Okokuqala, yehlisa umoya futhi uhlole okusobala kuqala.:

• Izinga lamafutha. Lokhu kungase kubonakale kuwubuwula kwabanye, kodwa lapho ikhanda ligcwele izinkinga eziningi, kungenzeka ukuthi ukhohlwe mayelana nokulula.
• Ukushajwa kwebhethri. Ngebhethri elifile, ezinye izakhi, njengepompo likaphethiloli noma i-ignition relay, zingase zingasebenzi.
• Bheka ukuthi hlobo luni lukaphethiloli oluthelwa ethangini lemoto yakho. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uthele kancane esitsheni esisobala bese ushiya ukuze uhlale amahora amabili kuya kwamathathu. Uma uphethiloli unamanzi, uzohlukana kancane kancane futhi uphelele phansi. Futhi uma kukhona ukungcola kwamanye amazwe, i-sediment izovela phansi.

Uma kuvela ukuthi inkinga ikuphethiloli, udinga ukufaka uphethiloli wekhwalithi evamile ethangini bese imoto izoqala. Kwezinye izimo, lokhu akusizi futhi kufanele ukhiphe ngokuphelele uphethiloli wekhwalithi ephansi. Futhi esikhathini esizayo kufanelekile ukuthola indawo enokwethenjelwa yokugcwalisa i-refueling.

Udizili uqala futhi ufe? Uma unenjini kadizili futhi iyama ngemuva kokuqala kwesithwathwa sezulu, kungenzeka ukuthi uphethiloli kadizili umane uqina. Kungase kube nezinye izizathu zokuqalisa okungaqinisekile kwenjini.

Imoto iqala futhi ife ngemva kwemizuzwana embalwa: iphampu yamafutha

Hlola ukuqala kwepompo likaphethiloli ngendlebe, ubeke indlebe yakho entanyeni evulekile yethangi likaphethiloli. Uzodinga umsizi ukuze uvule ukhiye wokushisa. Kulokhu, emizuzwaneni embalwa yokuqala, umsindo wesici wepompo egijimayo kufanele uzwakale.

Uma kungenjalo, okokuqala udinga ukuhlola fuse fuse fuse futha futhi, uma kunesidingo, esikhundleni salo. Uma i-fuse iphelele noma ngemva kokuyishintsha iyasha futhi, khona-ke iphampu cishe ayisasebenzi futhi idinga ukushintshwa.

Uma iphampu iqala futhi ime ngemva kwemizuzwana embalwa, khona-ke cishe ikhompyutha esebhodini ivala ukunikezwa kwamandla kuyo. Lokhu kwenzeka uma ingekho isignali evela kunzwa ye-crankshaft.

Okokuqala udinga ukuqiniseka ukuthi yonke into ihlelekile ngenzwa, bese uhlola ukuthi uphethiloli uyangena yini ohlelweni.

Iphampu yesibaseli inesihlungi esihle ngendlela yemeshi encane ebamba izinhlayiya ezincane zokungcola. Ukungcoliswa kwegridi kuvame ukulimaza ebusika lapho uphethiloli nokungcola kuba ne-viscous. Lesi sihlungi kufanele sikhishwe futhi sihlanzwe ngezikhathi ezithile. Uma ivala kaningi, kufanelekile ukuhlanza ithangi likaphethiloli ekungcoleni.

Imoto iyaqala futhi ngokushesha izitebele: isihlungi sikaphethiloli

Uphethiloli omncane udlula kusihlungi esingcolile. Ngemva kokuqala injini, akwanele uphethiloli ongena kumasilinda, futhi injini, ngokushesha nje lapho iqala, iyama. Ukushintsha isihlungi sikaphethiloli kungase kuyixazulule inkinga. Lapha kufanelekile ukukhumbula futhi izinga likaphethiloli.

Iqala futhi izitebele lapho kubanda: mpintsha

Umthombo ovamile wezinkinga zokuqala yi-valve ye-throttle. Inani lomoya engxubeni yamafutha omoya elinikezwa amasilinda enjini yohlobo lomjovo lincike kuwo. Imikhiqizo evuthayo namaconsi kawoyela angahlala ku-damper. Ivalvu evalekile ingase ingavuleki ngokugcwele futhi ivumele umoya onganele ukuba udlule, noma ihlale ivaliwe futhi kuzoba nomoya omningi engxubeni yamafutha omoya.

Kungenzeka ukuhlanza i-valve ye-throttle ngokwayo ngokuqondile ku-carbon deposits ngaphandle kokukhipha umhlangano, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukungcola kuzohlala ezindongeni naseziteshini zomoya, ngakho ngemva kwesikhashana inkinga izovela futhi.

Ukuhlanza okuphumelelayo, kuyadingeka ukususa umhlangano ophakathi kwe-multifold intake kanye nesihlungi somoya. Ukuhlanza, kungcono ukusebenzisa isikhiphi se-soot esikhethekile, esingathengwa esitolo sezimoto. Gwema ukuthola amakhemikhali ezingxenyeni zenjoloba.

Isistimu yokujova uphethiloli engcolile ingaba yimbangela yemoto esuke isuke bese iyama ngokushesha. Kungenzeka ukuyigeza ngamakhemikhali, kodwa ukungcola kungangena kwezinye izingxenye zeyunithi futhi kubangele izinkinga ezintsha. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuqaqa i-injector futhi uyihlanze ngomshini.

Imoto iqala futhi ife ngemva kwemizuzwana embalwa: i-exhaust system

Isistimu yokukhipha umoya evalekile ingenye imbangela evamile yezinkinga zokuqalisa injini. Hlola i-muffler. Uma kunesidingo, susa ukungcola kuwo. Ebusika, ingavaleka ngeqhwa noma iqhwa.

Udinga futhi ukuhlola i-catalyst etholakala phansi phakathi kwe-muffler kanye ne-exhaust manifold. Ingase ingcolile noma ikhubazekile. Ukususa i-catalyst kunzima kakhulu, ngoba lokhu udinga umgodi noma i-lift. Ngezinye izikhathi izinti zokulungisa, futhi awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwe "grinder". Ochwepheshe besevisi yemoto bangabheka i-catalyst ngaphandle kokuyisusa besebenzisa isihloli semoto.

Imoto iqala futhi ngokushesha izitebele: ibhande lesikhathi noma chain

Injini ingase ime ngokushesha ngemva kokuqala, futhi ngenxa yokungalungi kahle noma ukuguga kwebhande lesikhathi (chain).

Isikhathi sivumelanisa ukusebenza kwamaphistoni namavalvu eyunithi yamandla. Ngenxa yesikhathi, ingxube yamafutha omoya inikezwa kumasilinda enjini ngefrikhwensi edingekayo. Ukuvumelanisa kungaphulwa ngenxa yebhande elilimele noma elifakwe ngokungalungile (iketango) elixhumanisa i-camshaft ne-crankshaft komunye nomunye.

Akunakwenzeka ukuthi le nkinga inganakwa, ngoba ibhande eliphukile noma elehlisiwe, ikakhulukazi ngesivinini esikhulu, cishe lingabangela ukulungiswa okukhulu kwenjini.

Izinzwa kanye ne-ECU

Ngaphezu kwenzwa ye-crankshaft, inzwa ye-throttle position engalungile ingavimbela injini ukuthi iqale ngokujwayelekile. Kuzo zombili izimo, lokhu kuvame ukuboniswa inkomba ye-Check Engine.

I-electronic control unit (ECU) nayo ingaba yimbangela yokuma kwenjini ngemuva kokuyiqala. Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-ECU akuvamile, kodwa lokhu kukude kakhulu nokuthi kuhlale kuboniswa kudeshibhodi. Ukuxilongwa kwekhompyutha ngaphandle kwemishini ekhethekile ngeke kusebenze. Iphathise ochwepheshe besevisi.

Ingabe imoto iqala futhi isebenzisa uphethiloli?

Kunezizathu eziningana zokwehluleka, kodwa ezivame kakhulu Ukushisisa kahle kwe-gearbox. Lokhu kuwumphumela wenhlangano engalungile yesistimu yokushintshanisa ukushisa kusuka ku-throttle. Kuyadingeka ukuxhuma isitofu ekushiseni ngamapayipi egatsha obubanzi obanele.

Esinye isizathu lapho imoto izitebele lapho ushintshela ku-gas ukwanda kwengcindezi emgqeni, okudingeka kulethwe evamile. Futhi, ukungasebenzi kahle kungenzeka ngenxa ukuphefumula okungajwayelekile. Le nkinga iqedwa ngokuzungezisa isikulufu esinciphisa, kudedelwe ingcindezi yokuhlinzeka.

Phakathi kwezizathu zokuthi kungani imoto egas iqala kanye nezitolo kungaba:

• Imibhobho evalekile nezihlungi;
• I-Condensate kumxube wegesi;
• ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-valve ye-Solenoid;
• Ukwephulwa kokuqina kwe-HBO, ukuvuza komoya.

Inketho embi kakhulu

Izimpawu okukhulunywa ngazo zingase zenzeke endabeni yokugqoka kwenjini okuvamile. Enkonzweni yemoto, ungakala izinga lokucindezelwa kumasilinda. Uma iphansi kakhulu, injini isiphelile insiza yayo futhi udinga ukulungiselela ukulungiswa okubizayo.