Idizayini ye-clutch yemoto, izakhi eziyinhloko

I-clutch iwumshini odlulisa i-torque isuka enjinini iye ku-gearbox ngokungqubuzana. Iphinde ivumele injini ukuthi inqanyulwe ngokushesha ku-transmission futhi uxhumano luphinde lumiswe ngaphandle kobunzima. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-clutches. Ayahluka ngenani lamadrayivu abawaphethe (okukodwa, okubili noma okune-multi-drive), uhlobo lwendawo yokusebenza (eyomile noma emanzi), kanye nohlobo lokushayela. Izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-clutch zinezinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kwazo, kodwa i-clutch eyomile yepuleti elilodwa esebenza ngomshini noma nge-hydraulically isetshenziswa kakhulu ezimotweni zesimanje.

Inhloso ye-clutch

I-clutch ifakwe phakathi kwenjini no-gearbox kanti ingenye yezingxenye ezicindezela kakhulu ku-gearbox. Lenza imisebenzi esemqoka elandelayo:

1. Ukunqamuka okuthambile nokuxhumeka kwenjini no-gearbox.
2. Ukudluliswa kwe-torque ngaphandle kokushelela (okungalahleki).
3. Isinxephezelo sokudlidliza nemithwalo ebangelwa ukusebenza kwenjini okungalingani.
4. Yehlisa ingcindezi enjinini nasezinxenyeni zokudlulisela.

Izingxenye ze-clutch

I-clutch evamile ezimotweni eziningi ezithunyelwa ngesandla ihlanganisa lezi zingxenye ezibalulekile ezilandelayo:

• I-flywheel yenjini - Idiski yeDrayivu.
• I-Clutch disc.
• Ubhasikidi we-Clutch - ipuleti lokucindezela.
• I-Clutch release bearing.
• i-clutch yokukhipha.
• Imfoloko ye-Clutch.
• I-Clutch drive.

Ama-friction linings afakwe ezinhlangothini zombili ze-clutch disc. Umsebenzi wayo ukudlulisa i-torque ngokusebenzisa ukungqubuzana. I-spring-loaded vibration damper eyakhelwe emzimbeni wediski ithambisa ukuxhumeka ku-flywheel futhi idambise ukudlidliza nezingcindezi ezibangelwa ukusebenza kwenjini okungalingani.

I-pressure plate kanye ne-diaphragm spring esebenza ku-clutch disc kuhlanganiswe kube iyunithi eyodwa, ebizwa ngokuthi "ibhasikidi ye-clutch". I-clutch disc itholakala phakathi kwebhasikidi ne-flywheel futhi ixhunywe ngama-splines ku-gearbox input shaft, lapho ikwazi ukuhamba khona.

I-spring kabhasikidi (i-diaphragm) ingaba i-push noma i-exhaust. Umehluko usendaweni yokusetshenziswa kwamandla ukusuka ku-clutch actuator: kuya ku-flywheel noma kude ne-flywheel. I-draw spring design ivumela ukusetshenziswa kwebhasikidi elincanyana kakhulu. Lokhu kwenza umhlangano ube compact ngangokunokwenzeka.

Isebenza kanjani i-clutch

Umgomo wokusebenza kwe-clutch usekelwe ekuxhumekeni okuqinile kwe-clutch disc kanye ne-flywheel yenjini ngenxa yamandla okuphikisana akhiqizwa amandla akhiqizwa yi-diaphragm spring. I-clutch inezinhlobo ezimbili: "ivuliwe" futhi "cisha". Ezimweni eziningi, i-disk driven icindezelwa ngokumelene ne-flywheel. I-torque evela ku-flywheel idluliselwa kudiski eqhutshwayo, bese kuthi ngokuxhumeka kwe-spline ku-shaft yokufaka ye-gearbox.

Ukuze akhiphe i-clutch, umshayeli ucindezela i-pedal exhunywe ngomshini noma nge-hydraulically kwimfoloko. Imfoloko inyakazisa i-bearing bear, okuthi, ngokucindezela emaphethelweni amacembe entwasahlobo ye-diaphragm, imise umphumela wayo epuleti lokucindezela, yona, ikhiphe idiski eqhutshwayo. Kulesi sigaba, injini iyanqanyulwa ku-gearbox.

Lapho igiya elifanele likhethiwe ku-gearbox, umshayeli ukhulula i-clutch pedal, imfoloko iyeka ukusebenza ku-bearing bearing kanye nentwasahlobo. I-pressure plate icindezela i-drin disc ngokumelene ne-flywheel. Injini ixhunywe ku-gearbox.

Izinhlobo ze-clutch

I-clutch eyomile

Isimiso sokusebenza kwalolu hlobo lwe-clutch sisekelwe emandleni okungqubuzana adalwe ukusebenzisana kwezindawo ezomile: amapuleti okushayela, aqhutshwayo kanye nokucindezela. Lokhu kunikeza ukuxhumana okuqinile phakathi kwenjini nokudluliswa. I-Dry single plate clutch iwuhlobo oluvame kakhulu ezimotweni eziningi ezihanjiswa ngesandla.

I-clutch emanzi

Ukuhlangana kwalolu hlobo kusebenza endaweni yokugeza yamafutha ezindaweni zokuhlikihla. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokomisa, lolu hlelo luhlinzeka ngokuthintana kwediski okushelelayo; iyunithi ipholiswe kahle kakhulu ngenxa yokujikeleza koketshezi futhi ingadlulisela i-torque eyengeziwe ku-gearbox.

Idizayini emanzi isetshenziswa kakhulu ekudluliseni okuzenzakalelayo kwe-dual clutch. Isici sokusebenza kwe-clutch enjalo ukuthi amagiya alinganayo futhi angajwayelekile we-gearbox anikezwa i-torque evela kumadiski ahlukene aqhutshwayo. I-Clutch drive - i-hydraulic, ilawulwa nge-elekthronikhi. Amagiya ashintshwa ngokushintshana njalo kwe-torque ku-transmission ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka ekuhambeni kwamandla. Lo mklamo ubiza kakhulu futhi kunzima kakhulu ukuwukhiqiza.

I-Dual disc dry clutch

I-dual disc dry clutch inamadiski amabili ashayelwa kanye nesikhala esiphakathi phakathi kwawo. Lo mklamo uyakwazi ukudlulisa i-torque eyengeziwe ngosayizi we-clutch ofanayo. Ngokwayo, kulula ukwenza kunokubukeka okumanzi. Ivamise ukusetshenziswa emalolini nasezimotweni ezinezinjini ezinamandla kakhulu.

Bamba nge-dual mass flywheel

I-dual mass flywheel iqukethe izingxenye ezimbili. Enye yazo ixhunywe enjinini, enye - kudiski eqhutshwayo. Womabili ama-elementi e-flywheel anomdlalo omncane ngokuhlobene endizeni yokuzungezisa futhi axhunywe iziphethu.

Isici se-dual-mass flywheel clutch ukungabi khona kwe-torsional vibration damper kudiski eshayelwa. Idizayini ye-flywheel isebenzisa umsebenzi wokudambisa ukudlidliza. Ngaphezu kokudlulisa i-torque, inciphisa ngempumelelo ukudlidliza nemithwalo ebangelwa ukusebenza kwenjini okungalingani.

Impilo yesevisi ye-clutch

Impilo yesevisi ye-clutch incike ikakhulukazi ezimweni zokusebenza zemoto, kanye nesitayela sokushayela somshayeli. Ngokwesilinganiso, impilo ye-clutch ingafinyelela kumakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-100-150. Njengomphumela wokugqoka kwemvelo okwenzeka lapho ama-disc enza ukuxhumana, izindawo zokungqubuzana zingaphansi kokugqoka futhi zidinga ukushintshwa. Isizathu esiyinhloko ukushelela kwediski.

I-Double disc clutch inempilo ende yesevisi ngenxa yenani elikhulayo lezindawo zokusebenza. I-clutch release bearing ibamba njalo uma uxhumano lwenjini/lebhokisi legiya liphukile. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, wonke ama-grease akhiqizwa ekuthwaleni futhi alahlekelwe izakhiwo zawo, ngenxa yalokho ashisa kakhulu futhi ahluleke.

Izici zokuhlanganisa i-ceramic

Impilo yesevisi ye-clutch kanye nokusebenza kwayo okuphezulu kunqunywa izici zezinto zokubandakanya. Ukwakheka okujwayelekile kwama-clutch discs ezimotweni eziningi kuyingxube ecindezelwe yengilazi nemicu yensimbi, inhlaka nerabha. Njengoba isimiso sokusebenza kwe-clutch sisekelwe emandleni okungqubuzana, izintambo zokungqubuzana zediski eqhutshwayo zishintshwa ukuze zisebenze emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, kuze kufike ku-300-400 degrees Celsius.

Ezimotweni zezemidlalo ezinamandla, i-clutch ingaphansi kwengcindezi engaphezu kokujwayelekile. Amanye amagiya angasebenzisa i-ceramic clutch noma i-sintered clutch. Izinto zalezi zimbondela zihlanganisa i-ceramic ne-Kevlar. I-Ceramic-metal friction material ayinakho ukugqokwa futhi ingamelana nokushisisa kuze kufike ku-600 degrees ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa izakhiwo zayo.

Abakhiqizi basebenzisa imiklamo ehlukene ye-clutch elungele imoto ethile, kuye ngokusetshenziswa kwayo okuhlosiwe kanye nezindleko. I-clutch yepuleti elilodwa eyomile ihlala iyidizayini esebenza kahle futhi engabizi. Lolu hlelo lusetshenziswa kakhulu kwisabelomali nezimoto ezimaphakathi, kanye namaSUV namaloli.