Ukuklama, ukungasebenzi kanye nokulungiswa kwegiya lokuqondisa i-VAZ 2107

Imoto kufanele njalo iphendule ngokucacile ekujikelezeni kwesiteringi. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, khona-ke angeke kube khona umbuzo wanoma yikuphi ukuphepha. Lokhu kusebenza kuzo zonke izimoto, kuhlanganise ne-VAZ 2107. Iyunithi yokuqondisa eyinhloko i-gearbox, enezinkinga zayo, ezingabonakala futhi ziqedwe ngaphandle kokuvakashela isevisi yemoto.

Igiya lokuqondisa i-VAZ 2107

Umshini wokuqondisa we "Zhiguli" imodeli yesikhombisa ikuvumela ukushayela imoto ngokuzethemba ezimweni ezahlukene zomgwaqo. Enye yezinkinga ezinkulu zegiya lokuqondisa ukudlala nokuvuza kwe-lubricant. Kodwa-ke, ngendlela efanele yokusebenza, impilo yalo mshini inganwetshwa. Ukuba ngumnikazi we "eziyisikhombisa" akudingeki nje ube nombono mayelana nokuklanywa kwe-node, kodwa futhi ukwazi mayelana nokuqhekeka okungenzeka nokuthi ungawaqeda kanjani.

Ikholomu yokuqondisa

U-gearbox wenziwa njengenhlangano ehlukile enamashaft, ama-bearings nezinye izakhi zesakhiwo ezivalekile ngaphakathi.

Idivayisi yekholomu yokuqondisa i-VAZ 2107

Naphezu kokufana phakathi kwamakholomu okuqondisa "ayisikhombisa" nenye "i-classic", umklamo wemoto yokuqala ungowesimanje. Omunye umehluko phakathi kwebhokisi le-VAZ 2107 liyi-worm shaft ende, okubangelwa ukufakwa kwe-cardan esikhundleni se-shaft eqondile. Yingakho ikholomu yemoto okukhulunywa ngayo iphephe kakhudlwana. Uma kwenzeka ingozi ngokushayisana kwekhanda, khona-ke i-cardan-type steering shaft imane igoqe kumahinge futhi ingafinyeleli kumshayeli.

I-gearbox yokuqondisa i-VAZ 2107 ihluke kumshini ofanayo wesinye "i-classic"

Kufakwe igiya lezikelemu ku-"seven". Lolu hlobo lokudlulisela lubonakala ngezikhala futhi lungaphansi kokugqoka. Ngakho-ke, i-screw yokulungisa ifakwe endlini yemishini, evumela ukuthi ulungise igebe njengoba izakhi zangaphakathi zithuthukiswa. Ngesikulufu, i-bipod shaft iyacindezelwa, ukuze amasondo angashayi. Izakhi ze-gearbox zitholakala endaweni yokugeza yamafutha, okunciphisa kakhulu ukugqoka kwabo. Idivayisi okukhulunywa ngayo igxiliswe elungwini lohlangothi lwesobunxele ngamabhawudi amathathu. Ikholomu yokuqondisa iwumshini oyinkimbinkimbi ohlanganisa izakhi ezimbalwa zesakhiwo:

• isiteringi;
• ukudluliswa kwe-cardan;
• isinciphisi.

Idizayini yokuqondisa: 1 - izindlu zokuqondisa; 2 - uphawu lwe-shaft; I-3 - shaft ephakathi; I-4 - shaft ephezulu; I-5 - ipuleti yokulungisa yengxenye yangaphambili yebakaki; I-6 - ingalo yokuqinisa i-shaft yokuqondisa; I-7 - ingxenye engaphezulu ye-casing ebheke; 8 - umkhono wokuthwala; 9 - ukuzala; 10 - isondo lokuqondisa; 11 - ingxenye engezansi ye-casing ebheke; 12 - imininingwane yokubopha ubakaki

Isiteringi

Ngesiteringi, isenzo esinemisipha sidluliselwa ku-gearbox shaft ukuze kube noshintsho olulandela lapho ukuma kwamasondo ayisiteringi. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukusabela ngesikhathi esifanele esimweni sethrafikhi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isondo lokuqondisa "eziyisikhombisa" linobubanzi obungu-40 cm, okuvumela ukuthi uqhube ngaphandle kobunzima. Isondo lokuqondisa linolwazi oluhle, olubonakala kakhulu uma unqoba amabanga amade. Uma imoto imile kuba nobunzima obuthile uma ujika isiteringi, kodwa uma ushayela, isiteringi siyathamba futhi nokubamba kuyathuthuka.

umshini wokuqondisa

I-steering column shaft idlulisela amandla ku-gearbox futhi iqukethe ama-shafts amabili - phezulu naphakathi, kanye nobakaki. Ngosizo lwakamuva, sonke isakhiwo sivikelekile emzimbeni wemoto. I-Promval ifakwe kuma-splines we-shaft yekholomu.

I-steering shaft iqukethe i-bracket, i-intermediate kanye ne-upper shaft

IGebox

Inhloso yekholomu yokuqondisa ukuguqula ukujikeleza kwesondo lokuqondisa libe ukunyakaza kwe-trapezoid yokuqondisa. I-reducer isebenza kanje:

1. Umshayeli, njengoba esendlini, uzungeza isiteringi.
2. Ngokusebenzisa umgodi ongenhla nophakathi, i-worm shaft iqala ukujikeleza.
3. Isibungu sisebenza ku-roller enamasondo amabili etholakala ku-shaft yesibili.
4. I-bipod shaft iyazungeza futhi idonse isistimu yokuxhuma nge-bipod.
5. I-trapezoid ilawula ama-knuckles okuqondisa, iphendulela amasondo e-engeli oyifunayo ngendlela edingekayo.

Ukungasebenzi kahle kwegiya lokuqondisa "eziyisikhombisa"

Ukuze usebenze okungenazinkinga kwesiteringi, isimo saso kufanele siqashwe njalo. Uma kutholakala izimpawu zezinkinga, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokulungisa ngokushesha. Njengoba ukungasebenzi kahle kungaba okwehlukile, sizohlala kukho ngokuningiliziwe.

Ukuvuza kwamafutha

Ukubonakala kwamafutha ebusweni buka-gearbox kukhombisa ukuvuza endlini. Lokhu kungadalwa yilokhu okulandelayo:

• ukugqoka noma ukulimala kwezindebe zomlomo we-worm shaft noma i-bipod. Kulesi simo, kuzodingeka ukuthi esikhundleni sezakhi zokuvala ama-shafts;
  

  Lapho ukuvuza kwamafutha kwenzeka, imbangela evame kakhulu wuphawu lwamafutha owonakele.
• izixhumi zezinsimbi zokuqondisa zikhululekile. Uzodinga ukuhlola ukuqina kokuxhumeka okuboshiwe futhi uqinise intaba, uma kunesidingo;
• umonakalo uphawu. I-gasket idinga ukushintshwa.

Umdlalo wesiteringi esikhulu

Uma isondo lokuqondisa liye landa ukudlala kwamahhala, khona-ke amasondo angaphambili azosabela ezenzweni zesiteringi ngokubambezeleka okuthile. Kulokhu, ukushayela akubi nje kuphela, kodwa nokuphepha kuyancipha. Ukudlala ngokweqile kungase kwenzeke ngenxa yezizathu ezilandelayo:

• igebe elikhulu phakathi kwe-roller nesibungu. Kudingeka ukulungiswa kwe-gearbox.
• izikhonkwane zebhola ezindongeni zokuqondisa zixegikile. Kudingekile ukuhlola amantongomane futhi, uma kunesidingo, uwaqinise;
• ukusebenza kumshini we-pendulum. I-pendulum bushings, futhi ngokunokwenzeka yonke indlela, idinga ukushintshwa;
  

  Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-pendulum kuma-bushings kuholela ekubukeni kokudlala
• ukudlala ngokweqile kumabheringi amasondo amasondo e-axle yangaphambili. Ngokungasebenzi kahle okunjalo, kuyadingeka ukuhlola nokulayisha kuqala ama-bearings.

Isiteringi esiqinile

Uma, lapho uvula isondo lokuqondisa, kufanele wenze imizamo emikhulu kunokuvamile, khona-ke ukungasebenzi kahle kungase kube kanje:

• ukuguga noma ukuphuka kwama-bearings amabhola e-gearbox. Idinga ukuhlakazwa komshini kanye nokushintshwa kwezingxenye ezinesici;
• ukuntuleka kokugcoba ku-crankcase yekholomu. Kudingekile ukuhlola izinga lokugcoba futhi ulethe esimweni esivamile. Kufanele futhi uhlole umhlangano ukuthi awuvuzi yini futhi, uma kunesidingo, ubuyisele izigxivizo;
• igebe elingalungile phakathi kwe-roller nesibungu. Ikholomu idinga ukulungiswa;
• Amasondo angaphambili akwi-engeli engafanele. Ukuze ulungise le nkinga, ukuhlola nokufakwa kahle kwama-engeli kuyadingeka;
• inadi ku-axle yebhikoni liqiniswe kakhulu. Kuyadingeka ukulungisa izinga lokuqina kwe-nati.

Inkinga yesiteringi esiqinile ingabonwa nangomfutho ophansi emasondweni angaphambili.

Ingqongqoza kukholamu yokuqondisa

Izimpawu zokubukeka kwemisindo engaphandle zingahlotshaniswa hhayi kuphela ne-gearbox, kodwa futhi nomshini wokuqondisa we-VAZ "eziyisikhombisa" ngokujwayelekile:

• I-cardan yekholomu yesiteringi exegayo. Izakhi zokulungisa zidinga ukuhlolwa futhi ziqiniswe;
• u-gearbox noma amabhawodi afaka i-pendulum asexegikile. Ama-fasteners kufanele ahlolwe futhi aqiniswe;
• ukudlala okukhulu kwama-wheel bearings. Ama-bearings adinga ukulungiswa;
  

  I-hub nut ilungisa ukudlala kwamabheringi amasondo
• ukudlala ngokweqile emalungeni enduku yokuqondisa. Izinduku kufanele zihlolwe ukuthi azidlalwa yini, amathiphu kufanele ashintshwe, futhi mhlawumbe konke ukuxhumana kokuqondisa;
• i-axle nut ye-pendulum iyaxega. I-axle nut idinga ukulungiswa.
  

  Uma kukhona ukungqongqoza kumshini wokuqondisa, kungase kudingeke ukuqinisa i-pendulum axle nut

Okunye okungahambi kahle ku-gearbox kubalwa ukuluma isiteringi uma uzungeza ngapha nangapha, okusho ukuthi uma isiteringi siphenduka sishuba. Lokhu kungabonwa kokubili uma kunezinkinga ngekholomu ngokwayo, kanye ne-pendulum. Kuzo zombili izimo, ama-node adinga ukuxilonga, ahlungwe noma ashintshwe.

Ukulungiswa kwekholomu yokuqondisa

Umshini wokuqondisa ubhekene nokungqubuzana okuqhubekayo kwezinto ezitholakala ngaphakathi, okuholela ekugqokeni kwazo. Ngenxa yalokho, umsebenzi wokulungisa noma ukushintshwa okuphelele kweyunithi kuyadingeka.

Ungayisusa kanjani ikholomu

Ukukhipha nokulungisa u-gearbox kuyinqubo enzima, kodwa ungayenza ngokwakho, okungenani ube nolwazi oluncane lokukhanda izimoto. Ukuze wenze lo msebenzi, uzodinga uhlu olulandelayo lwamathuluzi:

• okhiye be-17 (i-cap ne-open-end);
• izisekelo zekhanda ezingu-17;
• isibambo se-ratchet;
• ukukhweza;
• isando;
• umdonsi wenduku yokuqondisa;
• ikhola.

Sidiliza umshini ngale ndlela:

1. Khipha intambo enegethivu ebhethrini.
2. Siqaqa i-mount bese siqaqa isiteringi.
   

   Siqaqa i-nati nge-wrench ngekhanda futhi sihlakaze ingxenye
3. Siqaqa izinsimbi futhi sisuse i-casing yokuhlobisa.
   

   Usebenzisa i-screwdriver ye-Phillips, khulula ukuqiniswa kwe-casing yokuhlobisa bese uyikhipha
4. Sidonsa isixhumi kumshini wokuthungela.
5. Ngemva kokukhulula izixhumi, susa ilokhi.
   

   Siqaqa ukuqiniswa kwesikhiya sokuthungela, bese sisusa idivayisi
6. Siqaqa amaswishi ekholomu yokuqondisa kusuka ku-shaft.
7. Sikhulula ukuqiniswa kwe-bracket shaft bese siyisusa emotweni.
   

   Ubakaki we-shaft ugxilwe emzimbeni ngamabhawodi, uwakhulule
8. Siqaqa izikhonkwane zebhola zezinduku, sikhulule izinsimbi bese sicindezela izikhonkwane nge-puller.
   

   Ngemva kokukhulula amantongomane, nqamula izinti zokuqondisa ku-bipod yesiteringi
9. Sisebenzisa i-knob enekhanda, sikhulula ukuqiniswa kwekholomu emzimbeni, silungisa amabhawodi ngakolunye uhlangothi kusukela ekuskroleni ngokhiye.
   

   Ngekhola noma okhiye, khumula isikulufu sika-gearbox uye emzimbeni
10. Siqaqa idivayisi.
    

    Khumula i-mount, khipha u-gearbox emotweni

Ividiyo: indlela yokushintsha igiya lokuqondisa ku-"classic"

Ukushintsha ikholomu yokuqondisa i-VAZ 2106

Indlela yokuqaqa ikholomu

Ungaqala ukuqaqa u-gearbox ngokushesha ngemuva kokuwukhipha emotweni.

Imininingwane ye-crankcase ye-steering mechanism: 1 - i-crankcase; 2 - i-bipod; 3 - ikhava ye-crankcase ephansi; 4 - ama-shims; 5 - indandatho yangaphandle ye-worm shaft bear; 6 - isihlukanisi ngamabhola; 7 - i-bipod shaft; 8 - ukulungisa isikulufa; 9 - ipuleti yokulungisa;

Ukuze senze lokhu, sidinga uhlu oluthile lwamathuluzi:

• isethi ejwayelekile yokhiye;
• ikhanda 30;
• i-crank;
• i-bipod puller;
• i-vice.

Ukuze uhlukanise ikholomu yokuqondisa, landela lezi zinyathelo:

1. Siqaqa i-bipod nut ngesikrufu nekhanda.
   

   Usebenzisa isikrufu noma isikrufu esinekhanda, qaqa nati le-bipod
2. Silungisa i-gearbox ku-vice futhi sicindezela i-thrust nge-puller.
   

   Ngemva kokukhulula inati, umdonsayo ucindezela ukusunduza
3. Sikhulula ipulaki yokugcwalisa amafutha, i-locknut, sisuse isici sokukhiya bese sikhipha amafutha endlini.
4. Sikhulula ukuqiniswa kwekhava engenhla yekholomu.
   

   Ukuze ususe ikhava engaphezulu, qaqa amabhawodi angu-4
5. Sisusa isikulufu sokulungisa ekuhlanganyeleni ne-shaft yokukhipha bese sisusa ikhava.
   

   Ukuze ususe ikhava, uzodinga ukukhipha i-bipod shaft kusikulufa sokulungisa
6. Sikhipha shaft yesibili endlini.
   

   Ku-gearbox housing sisusa i-bipod shaft nge-roller
7. I-crankcase eseceleni kwe-worm shaft nayo ivaliwe ngekhava. Siqaqa intaba futhi siyisuse kanye nezimpawu zensimbi.
   

   Ukuze ususe isembozo se-worm shaft, khulula izinsimbi ezihambisanayo bese ususa ingxenye kanye nama-gaskets.
8. Sifaka ukushaya okulula ngesando ku-worm shaft ukuze sisuse ingxenye ku-crankcase kanye nokuthwala.
   

   I-worm shaft icindezelwa ngaphandle ngesando, emva kwalokho ingxenye isuswa endlini kanye ne-bearing.
9. Sixhuma nge-screwdriver bese sikhipha indlala yezikelemu.
   

   I-gearbox seal ikhishwa ngokuyichofoza nge-screwdriver.
10. Ngendlela efanayo, sihlukanisa i-lip seal kusuka ku-shaft okukhiphayo.
11. Ngethiphu elifanelekayo, sikhipha ingxenye engaphandle yebheringi yesibili.
    

    Ukuze ususe umjaho wangaphandle wokuthwala, uzodinga ithuluzi elifanele.

Ividiyo: ukulungiswa kwekholomu yokuqondisa yeZhiguli yakudala

Ukudiliza umhlangano wegiya lokuqondisa weVAZ.

I-Gearbox Diagnostics

Lapho umhlangano uhlakazwa, kuyadingeka ukuhlola ngokubukeka isimo sazo zonke izakhi ngomonakalo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, izingxenye zihlanzwa futhi zigezwe nge-parafini, uphethiloli noma uphethiloli we-diesel, emva kwalokho zihlola ngamunye wazo, zizama ukuhlonza iphutha elingenzeka (ukubanjwa, amamaki okugqoka, njll.). Ubuso be-roller ne-worm buhlala buxhumana nomunye nomunye, ngakho-ke kufanele banikezwe ukunakwa okukhethekile. Ama-bearings we-mechanical kufanele ajikeleze ngaphandle kokusikisela kwe-jamming. Noma yimuphi umonakalo emasongweni angaphandle ama-bearings kuthathwa njengokungamukeleki. Izindlu zika-gearbox kumele nazo zibe sesimweni sokusebenza ngokugcwele, ngaphandle kokuqhekeka. Zonke izingxenye ezibonisa ukuguga kufanele zishintshwe.

Umhlangano Wekholomu

Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nokuhlanganisa idivayisi, sisebenzisa amafutha okudlulisela kuzo zonke izingxenye ezifakwe ngaphakathi komhlangano. Ama-lip seal kufanele ashintshwe ngesikhathi noma yikuphi ukulungiswa nge-gearbox. Inqubo yokuhlanganisa i-node imi kanje:

1. Sishaya i-mandrel ngesando futhi siqhube umjaho wangaphakathi we-bearing ungene ezindlini.
2. Sifaka izakhi zayo zangaphakathi emgodini wokuzala bese sifaka i-worm shaft. Sibeka phezu kwayo izingxenye ze-bearing yangaphandle, cindezela indandatho yangaphandle bese ufaka ikhava ngama-gaskets.
   

   Ngemva kokufaka i-worm shaft kanye ne-outer bear, umjaho wangaphandle ucindezelwa phakathi
3. Sifaka ama-cuffs we-Litol-24 ezindaweni zokusebenza futhi siwafake emzimbeni.
   

   Sicindezela ama-seal amasha kawoyela ngethuluzi elifanele
4. Sibeka i-worm shaft ku-crankcase yekholomu. Sikhetha ama-gaskets ukusetha isikhathi sokuguqula i-shaft 2-5 kgf * cm.
5. Sibeka i-shaft yesibili endlini futhi sibeka igebe ekuhlanganyeleni ngesikhathi sokuguqula i-shaft. Inani kufanele libe phakathi kuka-7–9 kgf * cm lapho i-worm shaft izungeza, ngemva kwalokho kufanele yehle ibe ngu-5 kgf * cm uma izungezisiwe ize ime.
6. Ekugcineni sihlanganisa idivayisi bese sigcwalisa amafutha.
7. Sihlanganisa amamaki ku-worm shaft kanye ne-crankcase, emva kwalokho sibeka i-bipod endaweni ephakathi bese sibeka umhlangano emotweni.
   

   Ngemva kokuhlanganisa i-gearbox, sihlanganisa amamaki ku-worm shaft naku-crankcase

Ngesikhathi sokufakwa komshini endaweni ngaphambi kokuqina kokugcina kwe-fasteners, kunconywa ukuthi ujike ngokucijile isondo lokuqondisa kwesokunxele nakwesokudla izikhathi eziningana ukuze i-crankcase ikwazi ukuzilungisa.

Amafutha e-Gearbox

I-lubricant kukholomu yokuqondisa ye "eziyisikhombisa" iyashintshwa, nakuba ingavamile, kodwa kusafaneleka ukwenza le nqubo njalo nge-60 km. gijima. Indlela okukhulunywa ngayo isebenzisa uwoyela we-GL-4, GL-5. Umenzi uncoma ukusebenzisa uwoyela wezigaba ezilandelayo ze-viscosity:

• I-SAE75W90;
• I-SAE80W90;
• I-SAE85W90.

Ukugcoba igiya lokuqondisa, sebenzisa amafutha nge-viscosity ye-75W90 kuya ku-85W90

Ukuze ushintshe, udinga kuphela amalitha angu-0,215 wento. Ukuhlola izinga nokushintsha i-lubricant kwenziwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:

1. Khipha ipulaki yokugcwalisa uwoyela.
   

   Ipulaki yokugcwalisa ivuliwe ngokhiye ongu-8
2. Hlola izinga lamafutha ku-crankcase nge-screwdriver. Akufanele ibe ngaphansi kunengxenye enentambo yembobo.
   

   I-screwdriver noma elinye ithuluzi lifanelekile ukuhlola izinga likawoyela ku-gearbox
3. Uma izinga lingahambisani nokujwayelekile, siletha ivolumu yalo ezingeni elifunayo ngokuligcwalisa ngesirinji yezokwelapha.
   

   Uma izinga lingaphansi kokujwayelekile, sidonsa uwoyela omusha kusirinji bese siwuthela ku-gearbox
4. Uma i-lubricant edivayisini idinga ukushintshwa, impompe iphume kumshini ngesirinji eneshubhu eguquguqukayo. Bese simpompa emafutheni amasha ngomunye umjovo.
5. Sisonta ukhokho bese sisula ubuso bekholomu nge-rag.

Ividiyo: ungashintsha kanjani uwoyela kukholamu yokuqondisa

Ukushintsha uwoyela egiyeni lokuqondisa i-VAZ 2106

Ukulungiswa kwegiya lokuqondisa i-VAZ 2107

Kungenzeka ukunquma ukuthi i-node okukhulunywa ngayo idinga ukulungiswa ngokuphambuka okuzenzakalelayo komshini kusukela kumzila ohlosiwe wokunyakaza lapho ushaya imigodi, ama-hillocks nezinye izithiyo.

Ukuze ulungise isiteringi, udinga ukwazi ukuthi iyiphi into enesibopho salokho.

Ukuze wenze umsebenzi wokulungisa, uzodinga i-screwdriver eyisicaba kanye nokhiye we-19. Umsebenzi wenziwa kanje:

1. Sibeka imoto endaweni eyisicaba bese siqondanisa amasondo, siwabeke endaweni ehambisana nokunyakaza kwe-rectilinear.
2. Sihlanza isembozo somshini ekungcoleni.
3. Susa isivalo sokuvikela kusikulufa sokulungisa.
   

   Ngaphambi kokulungisa i-gearbox, susa ipulaki yepulasitiki
4. Khipha kancane inadi elilungisa isikulufu.
   

   Ukuvimbela isikulufu sokulungisa ukuthi singaxegi ngokuzenzakalelayo, kusetshenziswa i-nati elikhethekile.
5. Kancane kancane qinisa isikulufu nge-screwdriver, wehlise ukudlala kwegiya lokuqondisa.
   

   Igebe lilungiswa ngokuguqula isikulufu sokulungisa nge-screwdriver.
6. Qinisa inathi ngenkathi ubambe isikulufu sokulungisa ukuze singajiki.
7. Ekupheleni kwenqubo, sibheka ukuthi isondo lokuqondisa lijika kanjani kalula. Ngokuzungezisa okuqinile kwesiteringi noma umuzwa wokudlala, phinda ukulungisa.

Ividiyo: indlela yokunciphisa ukudlala egiyeni lokuqondisa "ama-classic"

Indlela yokulungisa ikholomu yokuqondisa i-VAZ.

Igiya lokuqondisa Vaz "eziyisikhombisa" - iyunithi esibucayi, ngaphandle kwalokho bekungeke kube nzima ukulawula amasondo angaphambili nemoto iyonke. Naphezu kokungapheleli komshini kanye nezinkinga ezihlukahlukene eziphakama ngayo, kungaphakathi kwamandla omnikazi wale modeli ukulungisa noma ukushintsha umshini. Lokhu akudingi amathuluzi akhethekile namakhono. Kwanele ukulungisa isethi yegaraji evamile yama-wrenches, isando esine-screwdriver ne-pliers, futhi ulandele izincomo zesinyathelo ngesinyathelo.