Kungani kudingekile futhi kanjani ukulungisa ukuqondanisa isondo Vaz 2106

Ukulungisa imoto ngokwakho akuyona nje indlela yokonga imali, kodwa futhi ukukwenza ngokuphumelelayo, ngoba akuwona wonke amakhosi asondela emsebenzini wakhe ngokuzibophezela. Kungenzeka ukuthi abanikazi bemoto balungise ukuqondanisa kwesondo ku-VAZ 2106, ikakhulukazi uma imoto iqhutshwa kude nomuzi futhi akukho nethuba lokuvakashela isevisi yemoto.

Ukuqondanisa isondo ku-VAZ 2106

Ukumiswa kwangaphambili kwe-VAZ 2106 kunemingcele emibili ebalulekile - uzwane kanye ne-camber, okunomthelela oqondile ekuphatheni imoto. Esimeni somsebenzi wokulungisa obucayi noma ukuguqulwa kokumiswa, ama-engeli okuqondanisa amasondo (UUK) kufanele alungiswe. Ukwephulwa kwamanani kuholela ezinkingeni zokuzinza nokuguga ngokweqile kumathayi angaphambili.

Kungani kudingeka ukulungisa

Ukuqondaniswa kwamasondo ezimoto ezikhiqizwa ekhaya kunconywa ukuthi kubhekwe futhi kulungiswe njalo ngezinkulungwane eziyi-10-15 km. gijima. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngisho nasekumisweni okusebenzisekayo kwe-mileage emigwaqweni enekhwalithi ephansi yokumboza, imingcele ingashintsha kakhulu, futhi lokhu kuzothinta ukuphatha. Esinye sezizathu ezijwayelekile zokuthi kungani ama-UUK aduka yilapho isondo lishaya imbobo ngesivinini. Ngakho-ke, ngisho nokuhlolwa okungahleliwe kungase kudingeke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqubo iyadingeka ezimweni ezinjalo:

• uma amathiphu okuqondisa, ama-levers noma amabhlogo athule ashintshile;
• uma kwenzeka ushintsho ekuvunyelweni okujwayelekile;
• lapho udonsa imoto eceleni;
• uma amathayi egugile kakhulu;
• lapho isiteringi singazibuyiseli ngemuva kokujika amakhona.

Ngemuva kokuqedwa kokulungiswa kwe-undercarriage yomshini, lapho izingalo ezimisiwe, amathiphu okuqondisa noma amabhulokhi athule ashintshile, kuyadingeka ukulungisa ukuqondanisa kwesondo.

Yini i-camber

I-Camber i-engeli yokuthambekela kwamasondo ngokuhlobene nendawo yomgwaqo. Ipharamitha ingaba negethivu noma ibe phozithivu. Uma ingxenye engaphezulu yesondo ihlotshiswe phezulu ibheke enkabeni yemoto, khona-ke i-engeli ithatha inani elingalungile, futhi lapho idilika ngaphandle, ithatha inani eliphozithivu. Uma ipharamitha ihluke kakhulu kumanani embonini, amathayi azoguga ngokushesha.

Ukubola kungaba kuhle futhi kube kubi

Kuyini ukuhlangana

I-Toe-in isho umehluko webanga phakathi kwamaphoyinti angaphambili nangemuva amasondo angaphambili. Ipharamitha ilinganiswa ngamamilimitha noma amadigri / imizuzu, ingaba yiphozithivu noma ibe negethivu. Ngevelu ephozithivu, izingxenye zangaphambili zamasondo zisondelene kakhulu kunalezo ezingemuva, futhi ngenani elingalungile, ngokuphambene nalokho. Uma amasondo ehambisana komunye nomunye, ukuhlangana kubhekwa njenge-zero.

Uzwane umehluko phakathi kwamaphoyinti angaphambili nangemuva amasondo angaphambili.

Ividiyo: nini ukulungiswa kwesondo

Ukuqondanisa nini nokuthi ungakwenzi nini.

Yini i-caster

I-Caster (castor) ngokuvamile ibizwa ngokuthi i-engeli lapho i-axis yokujikeleza kwesondo itshekiswa khona. Ukulungiswa okufanele kwepharamitha kuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwamasondo ngenkathi umshini uhamba ngendlela eqondile.

I-Caster i-engeli yokuthambekela kwe-eksisi yokujikeleza kwesondo

Ithebula: ama-engeli okuqondanisa isondo langaphambili kumodeli wesithupha we-Zhiguli

Ipharamitha elungisekayo	Inani le-engeli (amanani emotweni ngaphandle komthwalo)
i-caster angle	4°+30' (3°+30')
i-camber angle	0°30’+20′ (0°5’+20′)
i-angle yokuqondisa isondo	2–4 (3–5) mm

Ukuqondanisa kwesondo okufakwe ngokungalungile kuzibonakalisa kanjani?

Azikho izimpawu eziningi kangaka ezibonisa ukungahambi kahle kwama-engeli amasondo futhi, njengomthetho, zehlela ekuntulekeni kokuzinza kwemoto, indawo engalungile yesondo lokuqondisa, noma ukugqokwa kwenjoloba ngokweqile.

Ukungazinzi komgwaqo

Uma imoto iziphatha ngendlela engazinzile lapho ushayela umugqa oqondile (idonsela eceleni noma "intanta" lapho isondo lishaya emgodini), kufanele kuqashelwe amaphuzu anjalo:

1. Bheka ukuthi amathayi angaphambili anawo yini umthelela ekusheleni ngisho noma efakwe amathayi amasha. Ukuze wenze lokhu, shintsha amasondo e-axle yangaphambili ezindaweni. Uma imoto ichezukela ngakolunye uhlangothi, indaba isemathayini. Inkinga kuleli cala ingenxa yekhwalithi yokukhiqiza irabha.
2. Ingabe i-axle yangemuva ye-VAZ "isithupha" ibonakalisiwe?
   

   Uma i-beam yangemuva ilimele, ukuziphatha kwemoto emgwaqeni kungase kungazinzi
3. Kuneziphambeko ezifihliwe ku-chassis wemoto ezingadalulwanga ngesikhathi ihlolwa.
4. Uma ukungazinzi kuqhubeka ngemva komsebenzi wokulungisa, khona-ke isizathu singase sibe ukushuna kwekhwalithi embi, okudinga ukuphinda inqubo.

Isondo lokuqondisa alilingani uma ushayela umugqa oqondile

Isondo lokuqondisa lingalingani ngenxa yezizathu eziningana:

1. Kukhona ukudlala okubalulekile endleleni yokuqondisa, okungenzeka kokubili ngenxa yezinkinga zegiya lokuqondisa, kanye nokuxhumanisa ukuqondisa, i-pendulum noma ezinye izakhi.
   

   Isiteringi uma ushayela umugqa oqondile singase singalingani ngenxa yokudlala enkulu egiyeni lesiteringi, okudinga ukulungiswa noma ukushintshwa kwe-asembly.
2. I-ekseli yangemuva ijika kancane uma iqhathaniswa ne-asi yangaphambili.
3. Ingcindezi emasondweni e-axles yangaphambili nangemuva ihlukile kumanani asefekthri.
   

   Uma umfutho wesondo ungalungile, isiteringi singase singalingani uma ushayela umugqa oqondile.
4. Kwesinye isikhathi ukushintsha i-engeli yesiteringi kungathonywa wukuhlelwa kabusha kwamasondo.

Uma isondo lokuqondisa litshekile futhi imoto ngesikhathi esisodwa idonsa eceleni, kufanele uqale uthole futhi uqede inkinga yokungazinzi, bese ubhekana nesimo esingalungile sesondo lokuqondisa.

Ukwenyuka kwamasondo okuguga

Ukunyathela kwesondo kungaguga ngokushesha lapho amasondo engalingani noma lapho ama-engeli e-camber namazwane engalungiswanga kahle. Ngakho-ke, okokuqala, udinga ukuhlola futhi, uma kunesidingo, wenze ukulinganisa. Ngokuqondene ne-UUK, ngakho-ke, ngenxa yokuthi amathayi aphelile, ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka ukunquma ukuthi yiziphi imingcele yokumiswa okudingeka ilungiswe. Uma i-angle ye-camber isethwe ngokungalungile ku-VAZ 2106, isondo lizoba nokuguga ngokweqile ngaphandle noma ngaphakathi. Nge-camber enhle kakhulu, ingxenye engaphandle yerabha izoguga kakhulu. Nge-camber engalungile - yangaphakathi. Ngezilungiselelo ezingalungile zezinzwane, isondo lisulwa ngokungalingani, okuholela ekubukeni kwe-burrs (herringbones) kuyo, ezwakala kalula ngezandla. Uma ugijimisa isandla sakho ngokunyathela kusuka ngaphandle kwesondo kuya ngaphakathi, futhi ama-burrs azozwakala, khona-ke i-angle yezinzwane ayanele, futhi uma isuka ngaphakathi kuya ngaphandle, inkulu kakhulu. Kungenzeka ukucacisa ngokunembe kakhudlwana ukuthi amanani e-UUK alahlekile noma hhayi kuphela ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa.

Ngokugqoka amathayi, unganquma ukuthi yimiphi imingcele yokumiswa okufanele ilungiswe.

Ukulungiswa kokuqondisa amasondo esiteshini sesevisi

Uma kukhona izinsolo zokuthi "isithupha" sakho sinenkinga yokuqondisa isondo, kufanele uvakashele isevisi yemoto ukuze uhlole ama-engeli amisiwe namasondo. Uma kutholakala ukuthi ezinye izici zokumiswa azikho esimweni, kuzodingeka zishintshwe bese zilungiswa kuphela. Inqubo ingenziwa emishinini ehlukene, isibonelo, i-optical noma i-computer stand. Akukona kakhulu okokusebenza okusetshenzisiwe okubalulekile, kodwa isipiliyoni kanye nendlela yenkosi. Ngakho-ke, ngisho nasezintweni zesimanjemanje, ukulungiselelwa kungase kunganikezi umphumela oyifunayo. Ezinsizeni ezahlukene, ubuchwepheshe bokuqinisekisa be-CCC bungahluka. Okokuqala, inkosi ihlola ingcindezi emasondweni, iwapompa ngokuvumelana namathayi afakiwe, ifaka amanani kukhompyutha, bese iqhubeka nomsebenzi wokulungisa. Ngokuqondene nomnikazi wemoto akufanele akhathazeke kakhulu ngemishini ezosetshenziswa ukulungisa, kodwa ngeqiniso lokuthi ngemuva kwenqubo imoto iziphatha kahle emgwaqeni, ayiyisusi noma ilahle noma kuphi, "ayidli" irabha.

Ividiyo: ukufakwa kokuqondisa kwesondo ezimeni zesevisi

Ukuqondanisa amasondo esiteshini se-AvtoRay LADA

Ukuqondanisa isondo lokuzilungisa ku-VAZ 2106

"I-Zhiguli" yemodeli yesithupha ngesikhathi sokulungisa ayibangeli izinkinga. Ngakho-ke, ukuvakashela isevisi yemoto njalo lapho kusolakala ukuthi i-CCC iphuliwe kungaba umsebenzi obizayo. Kulokhu, abanikazi abaningi bemoto okukhulunywa ngayo babheka futhi balungise ama-engeli esondo bebodwa.

Umsebenzi wokulungiselela

Ukuze wenze umsebenzi wokulungisa, imoto izodinga ukushayelwa endaweni eyisicaba evundlile. Uma lokhu kungenakwenzeka, khona-ke ukufaka amasondo ngokuvundlile, ama-linings abekwe ngaphansi kwawo. Ngaphambi kokuxilonga, hlola:

• umfutho wesondo;
• ukusebenza kwama-dampers;
• ukudlala kwesondo lokuqondisa;
• imvume kuma-wheel bearings namajoyinti angaphambili okulengiswa.

Uma izinkinga zokumiswa zitholakala ngesikhathi sokulungiselela, siyazilungisa. Umshini kufanele ufakwe amasondo namathayi anosayizi ofanayo. Ku-VAZ 2106, udinga ukusetha ingcindezi yesondo ngokuvumelana namanani alandelayo: 1,6 kgf / cm² ngaphambili futhi 1,9 kgf / cm² ngemuva, okubuye kuncike ku-rubber efakiwe.

Ngaphambi kokulungisa ama-angles okuqondanisa isondo, kuyadingeka ukuhlola nokufaka umoya amasondo

Ithebula: ingcindezi emasondo "eziyisithupha" kuye ngokuthi ubukhulu amathayi

Usayizi weTire	Umfutho wesondo i-MPa (kgf/cm²)
	amasondo angaphambili	amasondo angemuva
165 / 80R13	1.6	1.9
175 / 70R13	1.7	2.0
165 / 70R13	1.8	2.1

Kunconywa ukuthi uhlole futhi usethe ama-engeli lapho ulayisha imoto: phakathi nendawo yemithwalo, udinga ukubeka umthwalo we-40 kg, futhi esihlalweni ngasinye sesine, 70 kg. Isondo lokuqondisa kufanele libekwe endaweni ephakathi, ezohambisana nokuhamba kwe-rectilinear yomshini.

Ukulungiswa kwe-Castor

I-Castor ilawulwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:

1. Senza idivayisi kusuka ocezu lwensimbi 3 mm ubukhulu, ngokuvumelana nesibalo esingenhla. Sizosebenzisa idivayisi ngomugqa wokuqondisa.
   

   Ukuze ulungise i-castor, udinga ukwenza isifanekiso esikhethekile
2. Ukulungiswa kwenziwa ngokunciphisa noma ukungeza ama-shims kuzixhumi ze-axle yengalo ephansi. Ngokuhambisa amawasha angu-0,5mm ukusuka ngaphambili ukuya ngemuva, ungakwazi ukwandisa i-caster ngo-36-40'. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-wheel camber izokwehla ngo-7-9′, futhi, ngokufanele, ngokuphambene nalokho. Ukuze silungise, sithenga amawasha anogqinsi luka-0,5-0,8 mm. Izakhi kufanele zifakwe nge-slot phansi.
   

   Iwasha elungisayo yogqinsi oluthile ifakwa phakathi kwe-axis yengalo engezansi nogongolo
3. Edivayisini, siphawula umkhakha, ngokusho ukuthi, ngokufaka okulungile kwamasondo, umugqa wokumisa kufanele ube khona. Sigoqa amantongomane emibhobolweni yebhola ukuze ubuso babo bube yi-perpendicular endizeni ye-longitudinal yomshini, emva kwalokho sisebenzisa ukulungiswa.
   

   Ukufaka i-castor, sigoqa amantongomane kuma-bearings ebhola ukuze ubuso bawo buhambisane nendiza ye-longitudinal yomshini, bese sifaka ithempulethi.

Amanani we-castor phakathi kwamasondo angaphambili we-VAZ 2106 kufanele ahluke ngokungekho ngaphezu kwama-30′.

Ukulungiswa kwe-Camber

Ukuze ulinganise futhi usethe i-camber, udinga ukulungiselela amathuluzi alandelayo:

• ukhiye we-19;
• ukulungisa amawasha;
• intambo yokumisa (intambo enomthwalo);
• umbusi.

Senza inqubo ngale ndlela elandelayo:

1. Sinyakazisa kaningi ngaphambili nangemuva kwemoto ngobhampa.
2. Silenga umugqa wokuqondisa, ukuwulungisa phezulu kwesondo noma ophikweni.
3. Ngerula, sinquma ibanga phakathi kweleyisi nediski ezingxenyeni ezingaphezulu (a) neziphansi (b).
   

   Isheke le-Camber: 1 - ilungu lesiphambano; 2 - ukulungisa ama-washer; 3 - ingalo ephansi; 4 - umbhobho; 5 - isondo lamasondo; 6 - ingalo engenhla; u-a no-b yibanga ukusuka entambo ukuya emaphethelweni onqenqema
4. Uma umehluko phakathi kwamanani (b-a) ungu-1–5 mm, khona-ke i-engeli ye-camber ingaphakathi kwemikhawulo eyamukelekayo. Uma inani lingaphansi kwe-1 mm, i-camber ayanele futhi ukuze ikhulise, ama-washers amaningana kufanele asuswe phakathi kwe-axis yengalo ephansi kanye ne-boam, ekhulula kancane izinsimbi.
   

   Ukuze ukhulule i-ekseli yengalo engezansi, uzodinga ukukhulula amantongomane amabili ngo-19
5. Nge-angle enkulu ye-camber (b-a ngaphezu kuka-5 mm), sandisa ubukhulu bezinto zokulungisa. Ubukhulu bawo obuphelele kufanele bufane, isibonelo, 2,5 mm kwesokunxele bese 2,5 mm kwesokudla.
   

   Ukuze ushintshe i-camber, susa noma wengeze ama-shims (i-lever isusiwe ukuze kucace)

Ukulungiswa kwezinzwane

Ukuhlangana kwenziwa kusetshenziswa izinto ezilandelayo namathuluzi:

• umbusi;
• intambo
• ucingo;
• okhiye abangu-13;
• imikhaza.

Senza izingwegwe ngocingo bese sibopha intambo kubo. Enye inqubo iqukethe lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:

1. Siqinisa intambo ngendlela yokuthi ithinte amaphuzu 1 esondweni langaphambili (silungisa i-lace ngaphambili nge-hook yokunyathela), futhi umsizi wayibamba ngemuva.
   

   Ukunqunywa kokuhlangana kwamasondo: 1 - amaphuzu wokugijima okulinganayo; 2 - intambo; 3 - umbusi; c - ibanga ukusuka entanjeni ukuya phambi kodonga oluseceleni lwesondo elingemuva
2. Ngokusebenzisa irula, sinquma ibanga phakathi kwentambo nesondo elingemuva engxenyeni yalo yangaphambili. Inani elithi "c" kufanele libe ngu-26-32 mm. Uma "c" ihluke kumanani ashiwo kwenye yezinkomba, khona-ke sinquma ukuhlangana ngakolunye uhlangothi lomshini ngendlela efanayo.
3. Uma isamba samanani we- "c" nhlangothi zombili singama-52-64 mm, futhi isondo lokuqondisa likhuluma line-angle encane (kufika ku-15 °) ngokuhlobene nendawo evundlile lapho ihamba ngokuqondile, asikho isidingo sokulungisa. .
4. Ngamanani angahambisani nalawo aboniswe ngenhla, senza izinguquko, lapho sikhulula izinsimbi ezindongeni zokuqondisa ngokhiye 13.
   

   Amathiphu okuqondisa alungiswa ngama-clamps akhethekile, okumele akhululwe ukuze alungiswe.
5. Sizungezisa i-clutch ngamapulangwe, senze induku iphele ibe yinde noma ibe mfushane, sifinyelele ukuhlangana okufunayo.
   

   Usebenzisa izindlawu, zungezisa isibambiso, unwebe noma ufinyeze ithiphu
6. Uma amanani adingekayo esethiwe, qinisa izinsimbi.

Ividiyo: ukuqondisa kwesondo ngokwakho usebenzisa i-VAZ 2121 njengesibonelo

Ukuqondanisa isondo le-Niva

Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukuguqulwa kwe-angle ye-camber njalo kuthinta ukuguqulwa kokuhlangana.

I-Classic "Zhiguli" ayinzima ngokulungiswa nokugcinwa kwemoto. Ungabeka ama-engeli amasondo angaphambili ngezindlela ezithuthukisiwe, ngemuva kokufunda imiyalelo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo. Ukulungiswa okufika ngesikhathi kuzosiza ukugwema ingozi engenzeka, ukulahla ukugqokwa kwamasondo ngaphambi kwesikhathi futhi uqinisekise ukushayela ngokunethezeka.