Nini ukushintsha iziphethu ukumiswa

Ukumiswa kwemoto kwenziwa ngenani elikhulu lezingxenye, futhi zonke ngokuqinisekile zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlinzekeni ukulawula ukushayela, ukugibela nokuzinza kwamakhona. Kodwa mhlawumbe isici esiyinhloko salolu hlelo yiziphethu.

Kanye neziphethu kanye nemigoqo ye-torsion, ziphakathi kwezingxenye ezinwebekayo zokumiswa. Iziphethu zivikela i-powertrain, umzimba nezinye izingxenye zomshini, zinciphisa kakhulu umthelela omubi wamabhampa lapho ushayela ezindaweni ezingalingani zomgwaqo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, basekela isisindo somzimba futhi banikeze imvume edingekayo yomhlabathi (imvume). Ngokuvamile, lena ngenye yemininingwane eyenza ukushayela kukhululeke futhi kuphephe.

Lapho isondo lishaya iqhubu endleleni, isiphethu siyacindezelwa, futhi isondo liyasuswa emgwaqeni isikhashana. Ngenxa yokunwebeka kwentwasahlobo emzimbeni, umthelela usakazwa uthambe kakhulu. khona-ke isiphethu siyakhula futhi sifune ukubuyisela isondo ukuze lixhumane nomgwaqo. Ngakho-ke, ukubamba kwesondo nge-surface yomgwaqo akulahleki.

Kodwa-ke, uma ingekho into ethambisayo, ukushwibeka kweziphethu bekuzoqhubeka isikhathi eside futhi ezimweni eziningi bekungeke kube naso isikhathi sokufiphala ngaphambi kokuthi kuqhume umgwaqo olandelayo. Ngakho-ke, imoto yayizoshwibeka cishe njalo. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kunzima ukukhuluma ngokuphathwa okwanelisayo, ukunethezeka nokuphepha kokushayela.

Ixazulula le nkinga, esebenza njengesithako esidambisa ukudlidliza. Ngenxa yokungqubuzana kwe-viscous kumashubhu adonsa ukushaqeka, amandla e-kinetic omzimba onyakazayo aguqulwa abe ukushisa futhi ahlakazeke emoyeni.

Lapho intwasahlobo kanye ne-damper zilingana, imoto ihamba kahle futhi iphatha kahle ngaphandle kokukhathala okungadingekile komshayeli. Kodwa lapho enye yezingxenye zepheya igugile noma inesici, ibhalansi iyaphazamiseka. I-absorber ehlulekile ehlulekile ayikwazi ukudambisa ngempumelelo ama-oscillation angenayo entwasahlobo, umthwalo kuwo uyanda, ukuphakama kwe-buildup kuyanda, amakhoyili aseduze avame ukuhlangana. Konke lokhu kuholela ekugugeni ngokushesha kwengxenye.

Intwasahlobo nayo ilahlekelwa ukunwebeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-coating yokuzivikela ingase yonakaliswe, futhi ukugqwala kuzoqala kancane kancane ukubulala intwasahlobo. Kwenzeka ukuthi kuphinde kube nokuphuka - ngokuvamile ingxenye yekhoyili iphuka ekugcineni noma ngezansi. Futhi-ke umthwalo owandayo uwela ku-absorber shock, ukushaywa kwayo okusebenzayo kuyanda, ngokuvamile kufinyelela kumkhawulo. Ngakho-ke, i-shock absorber iqala ukuguga ngesivinini esisheshayo.

Ngakho-ke, iziphethu kanye nama-absorbers ahlobene eduze komunye nomunye, futhi ukusebenza kahle kwesinye salezi zingxenye kuncike ngqo empilweni yomunye.

Ukulahlekelwa kwe-elasticity ngemva kwesikhathi esithile sokusebenza kwenzeka ngenxa yokukhathala kwemvelo kwensimbi.

Esinye isizathu esenza le ngxenye ingasebenziseki umswakama ophezulu kanye nezinto ezisebenza ngamakhemikhali, isibonelo, lezo ezisetshenziswa ebusika ukulwa neqhwa neqhwa emigwaqweni. Lezi zici ziholela ekugqwaleni nasekulahlekelweni kwezakhiwo ezinwebekayo.

Ukulayishwa ngokweqile komshini njalo kunciphisa impilo yeziphethu. Le ndlela yokusebenza ngokuvamile iholela ekwephukeni kwayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umthelela wemishini uthinta kabi ukuqina kwayo - amatshe, isihlabathi, ukucindezela okuphezulu, ikakhulukazi uma kuhambisana nomthelela, isibonelo, lapho uhamba ngama-bumps ngesivinini.

Yiqiniso, kufanelekile ukuphinda ukhumbule ukushayela ngokunganaki. Kodwa-ke, isitayela sokushayela esibukhali sinciphisa kakhulu impilo yeziphethu kuphela, kodwa futhi nezinye izingxenye eziningi kanye nemihlangano.

Okokugcina, enye into ethinta impilo yesevisi izinga lomsebenzi. Naphezu kokulula okubonakalayo kwentwasahlobo, inqubo yokwenziwa kwayo iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ekukhiqizeni, amamaki ensimbi akhethekile kanye nezingubo zokupenda ezikhethekile ezinwebekayo zisetshenziswa ezingamelana nemiphumela ephindaphindiwe yemishini, eshisayo neyamakhemikhali. Ukulungiswa kwenduku yasentwasahlobo, ukujika kwayo, ukuqina kanye nezinye izigaba zokukhiqiza kufanele kwenziwe ngokuhambisana ngokuqinile nobuchwepheshe. Lena ukuphela kwendlela yokuthola umkhiqizo wekhwalithi enhle. Kanjani futhi kusukela kulokho ama-fakes ashibhile enziwa, umuntu angaqagela kuphela, kodwa kungcono ukuhlala kude nawo futhi ungalingi isiphetho.

Ungakwazi ukuzulazula ngezimpawu ezimbalwa eziyinhloko ezibonisa ukuwohloka kwalezi zingxenye.

1. Imoto inyakaza esondweni elilodwa. Ungakwazi ukukala ibanga ukusuka kumakhothamo ukuya phansi bese uqhathanisa imiphumela naleyo ekhonjiswe emibhalweni yokulungisa. Kodwa umehluko uvame ukubonakala ngeso lenyama. Uma isondo lingashintshi, khona-ke intwasahlobo iphukile. Noma inkomishi yasentwasahlobo - kulokhu, i-welding iyadingeka. Ngokunemba okwengeziwe kunganqunywa ngokuhlola.
2. Imvume yehlile noma imoto iyawohloka ngokuphawulekayo nangaphansi komthwalo ojwayelekile. Uhambo lokumiswa ngokucindezelwa luncane. Lokhu kungenzeka uma umshini uvame ukugcwala ngokweqile. Uma kungenjalo, ukukhathala kwensimbi.
3. Imisindo engaphandle ekumisweni, nakuba kungekho ukuncipha okuphawulekayo noma izimpawu zokuguga kwe-shock absorber. Mhlawumbe ucezu oluncane lwaphuka ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo. I-rattle eyisithulu kulokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokungqubuzana kwesiqephu kanye nengxenye esele yentwasahlobo phakathi kwabo. Isimo ngokwaso asisibi kangako, kodwa ucezu oluphukile lungagxuma noma kuphi futhi lubhoboze, isibonelo, ipayipi lamabhuleki, isondo, noma kulimaze enye ingxenye yokulengiswa. Futhi kungenzeka ukuthi lowo ogibela ngemuva kwakho uzoba "nenhlanhla" futhi i-windshield yakhe noma ukukhanya kwekhanda kuzophulwa.
4. Ukugqwala kungabonwa ngokuhlola okubonakalayo. Konke kuqala ngamaphutha emsebenzini wokupenda, bese umswakama wenza umsebenzi wawo. Ukugqwala kucekela phansi ukwakheka kwensimbi, kuyenze ibe buthakathaka futhi ibe brittle.
5. Uma uqaphela ukuthi sekuye kwaqina, futhi i-shock absorber ivame ukudonsa ngenxa yokuhamba okulinganiselwe, khona-ke kulokhu kufanelekile ukuxilonga isimo semithombo.

Kuye ngohlobo oluthile lwemoto, izimo zokusebenza kanye nokunemba komshayeli, iziphethu zinikeza i-mileage kusuka ku-50 kuya ku-200 ayizinkulungwane, kwenzeka ukuthi kuze kufike ku-300 ayizinkulungwane. Isilinganiso sempilo yesevisi cishe i-100 ... 150 izinkulungwane. Lokhu kucishe kuphindwe kabili insiza ye-shock absorbers. Ngakho-ke, yonke indawo yesibili ehleliwe ye-shock absorbers kufanele ihlanganiswe nokufakwa kweziphethu ezintsha. Kulesi simo, ngeke udinge ukukhokha ngokwehlukana ukuze kufakwe esikhundleni sabo.

Kwezinye izimo, kufanele kunqunywe kuye ngeminyaka kanye nesimo esithile sezingxenye. Kunoma yikuphi, kufanele zishintshwe ngababili - nhlangothi zombili ze-axis. Uma kungenjalo, kungase kube khona ukuhlanekezela ngenxa yomehluko wamapharamitha namazinga ahlukahlukene okuguga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-engeli okuqondisa amasondo azophazamiseka futhi amathayi azoguga ngokungalingani. Ngenxa yalokho, ukungalingani kuzoba kubi kakhulu ukuphatha.

Futhi ungakhohlwa ukuxilonga nokulungisa ukuqondanisa kwesondo (ukuqondanisa) ngemva koshintsho.

Lapho ukhetha ukufaka esikhundleni, qhubeka eqinisweni lokuthi ingxenye entsha kufanele ibe yisimo esifanayo nosayizi njengeyokuqala. Lokhu kusebenza kumadayimitha abhorekile kanye nobubanzi obukhulu bangaphandle. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inani lokuphenduka kanye nokuphakama kwengxenye engalayishiwe kungase kuhluke.

Ukufaka iziphethu zohlobo oluhlukile, ezinemingcele ehlukene nokuqina okuhlukile kungaholela emiphumeleni engalindelekile, futhi umphumela ngeke uhlale ukujabulisa. Isibonelo, iziphethu eziqine kakhulu zingabangela ukuthi ingaphambili noma ingemuva lemoto ligibele kakhulu, kuyilapho iziphethu ezithambile kakhulu zingabangela ukugoqa okuningi emakhoneni. Ukushintsha indawo engaphansi kuyophazamisa ukuqondanisa kwamasondo futhi kuholele ekwenyukeni kokuguga kwamabhulokhi angathuli kanye nezinye izakhi zokulengiswa. Ibhalansi yomsebenzi ohlangene weziphethu kanye nama-shock absorbers nawo azophazamiseka. Konke lokhu ekugcineni kuzothinta kabi ukuphatha nokunethezeka.

Lapho uthenga, nika okuncamelayo kubakhiqizi abathembekile futhi. Ngakho-ke uzogwema ukuthenga imikhiqizo yekhwalithi ephansi noma amanga aqondile. Phakathi kwabakhiqizi beziphethu ezisezingeni eliphezulu nezinye izinto ezimisiwe, kufanelekile ukuphawula inkampani yaseSweden i-LESJOFORS, ama-brand aseJalimane i-EIBACH, MOOG, BOGE, SACHS, BILSTEIN kanye ne-K + F. Kusukela kusabelomali umuntu angakwazi ukuhlukanisa umkhiqizi wasePoland u-FA KROSNO. Ngokuqondene nomkhiqizi odumile wezingxenye zezimoto zaseJapan KAYABA (KYB), kunezikhalazo eziningi ngemikhiqizo yayo. Lokhu mhlawumbe kungenxa yenani elikhulu lama-fake. Kodwa-ke, iziphethu ze-KYB zisezingeni elihle futhi abathengi ngokuvamile abanazo izikhalazo ngazo.