Nini futhi kanjani kudingekile ukulungisa ama-valve ku-VAZ 2105: ukulandelana kwenqubo ngezithombe namavidiyo

Naphezu kokuklama okulula kwama-valve kanye ne-valve stem seal yenjini, lezi zakhi zenza umsebenzi obalulekile, ngaphandle kwalokho ukusebenza okuvamile kweyunithi yamandla akunakwenzeka. Ukusebenza kahle kwenjini kuncike ekusebenzeni kahle kwama-valve: amandla, ubuthi, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli. Ngakho-ke, ubuqotho babo, njengokulungisa izimvume, kubaluleke kakhulu.

Inhloso valve enjini Vaz 2105

Enjini ye-VAZ 2105, njenganoma iyiphi enye injini evuthayo yangaphakathi, ama-valve ayisici esibalulekile somshini wokusabalalisa igesi. Ku "ezinhlanu" kuyunithi yamandla, kusetshenziswa ama-valve angu-8: kukhona ama-valve angu-2 ku-cylinder ngayinye, inhloso eyinhloko okuwukusabalalisa okulungile kwamagesi. Ngokusetshenziswa kwezizwe, ingxube kaphethiloli nomoya kunikezwa ekamelweni elivuthayo ngokusebenzisa inqwaba yamagesi aphumayo akhishwa ngesistimu yokukhipha umoya. Uma kwenzeka ukuphuka nanoma iyiphi i-valve, ukusebenza kwendlela yokusabalalisa igesi, kanye nayo yonke injini iyonke, kuyaphazamiseka.

Amavalvu abekwe ekhanda lesilinda anikezela ngengxube ye-fuel-air ekamelweni elivuthayo namagesi okukhipha umoya.

Ukulungiswa kwe-valve ku-VAZ 2105

Izimoto zomndeni we-VAZ, njenge-VAZ 2101/07, zifakwe izinjini ezinomklamo ofanayo. Umehluko, njengomthetho, kwezinye izici zobuchwepheshe. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi wenze umsebenzi wokulungisa nokulungisa ngokwakho. Ukusebenza okuzinzile kwenjini ye-VAZ 2105 akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kwama-valve alungiswe kahle. Inqubo ifanele zonke izitshalo zamandla zamamodeli weZhiguli zakudala. Ingqikithi yokulungiswa ukushintsha igebe phakathi kwe-rocker nekhamera ye-camshaft. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ukulungiswa kufanele kwenziwe ngemoto ebandayo.

Nini futhi kungani ukulungiswa kwe-valve kuyadingeka?

Ukulungiswa kwama-valve ku-VAZ 2105 kuqalwa uma kwenzeka ukwephulwa kwegebe. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu nokuthi igebe elingalungile lingaholela kuphi, kufanelekile ukuqonda lesi sikhathi ngokuningiliziwe. Uphawu oluyinhloko lokuvunyelwa kwemishini yesikhathi engalungile ukuba khona kokungqongqoza kwensimbi endaweni yekhanda lesilinda. Ekuqaleni, lokhu kungqongqoza kubonakala kuphela kwenye yezindlela zokusebenza zenjini, isibonelo, ngokungenzi lutho, kodwa njengoba imoto isetshenziswa, izobonwa kuzo zonke izindlela.

Igebe lingahluka kokubili phezulu naphansi kunani legama. Kunoma yikuphi, ipharamitha engalungile izothinta ukuncishiswa kwamandla enjini. Endabeni yokuvunyelwa okuncishisiwe, i-valve izocindezelwa yi-rocker, okuzoholela ekwephuleni kokuqina ku-cylinder nokuncipha kokucindezela. Ngenxa yalokho, ukushiswa konqenqema lokusebenza kwe-valve nesihlalo sayo kungenzeka.

Ingxenye yekhanda le-cylinder eduze kwe-valve yokukhipha: 1 - ikhanda le-cylinder; 2 - i-valve yokukhipha; 3 - i-cap deflector yamafutha; 4 - i-valve lever; 5 - camshaft ezithwala izindlu; 6 - camshaft; 7 - ukulungisa ibhawodi; 8 - i-bolt lock nut; A - igebe phakathi kwe-lever kanye nekhamera ye-camshaft

Ngegebe elikhulayo, ukugeleza kwengxube yamafutha nomoya ekamelweni elivuthayo kuzokwehla ngenxa yesikhathi esifushane sokuvula i-valve. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amagesi azokhishwa ngevolumu engaphelele. Ukuze nje ugweme ama-nuances asohlwini "ezinhlanu", ukulungiswa kwe-valve kuyadingeka njalo ngezinkulungwane eziyi-15-20 km. gijima.

Amathuluzi okulungisa

Esinye sezimo zokulungiswa okufanele kwe-valve ukutholakala kwamathuluzi adingekayo kanye nolwazi lokulandelana kwezenzo. Kusukela kumathuluzi uzodinga ukulungisa uhlu olulandelayo:

• ukhiye okhethekile wokuzungezisa i-crankshaft;
• ama-wrenches avulekile kanye nezisekelo (ze-8, 10, 13, 17);
• screwdriver flat;
• i-probe enogqinsi lwe-0,15 mm.

Ukukhishwa okushisayo kwama-valve kulungiswa kusetshenziswa i-probe ekhethekile ebanzi

Inqubo yokulungisa yenziwa nge-probe ekhethekile ebanzi, esetshenziselwa inqubo okukhulunywa ngayo.

Inqubo yokulungisa

Ngaphambi kokulungiswa, kuyadingeka ukuhlakaza ezinye izakhi, okungukuthi isihlungi somoya kanye nendlu yaso, ikhebula lokumunca elivela ku-carburetor, i-throttle rod, kanye nesembozo se-valve. Kungaba usizo ukususa ikhava kumsabalalisi wokuthungela ukuze kungabikho ukuphazamiseka ekulungiseni. Ekuqaleni, kubalulekile ukusetha injini ngamamaki: kukhona amamaki ku-pulley ye-crankshaft kanye nesembozo sesikhathi sangaphambili. Sibeka uphawu ku-pulley ngokuphambene nobude bezingozi ezisesembozweni.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ama-valve alawulwa ngokulandelana okuthile. Lena ukuphela kwendlela yokulungisa kahle indlela yesikhathi.

Ngaphambi kokuqala ukulungisa i-valve clearance, faka i-crankshaft ne-camshaft ngokuvumelana namamaki

Inqubo yokulungisa iqukethe izinyathelo ezilandelayo:

1. Ngemuva kokuthi isikhundla se-crankshaft sisethwe ngokuvumelana namamaki, sihlola imvume nge-feeler gauge kumakhamera we-6th no-8 we-camshaft. Ukuze wenze lokhu, faka ithuluzi phakathi kwe-rocker nekhamera ye-camshaft. Uma i-probe ingena ngomzamo omncane, akukho ukulungisa okudingekayo.
   

   Ukuze uhlole ukuphuma kwe-thermal kwama-valve, faka i-probe phakathi kwe-rocker nekhamera ye-camshaft.
2. Ukulungiswa kuyadingeka uma i-probe inzima ukungena noma ixege kakhulu. Senza inqubo ngezihluthulelo 13 no-17. Okokuqala sibamba ikhanda le-bolt, okwesibili sikhulula kancane i-nati yokukhiya. Bese sifaka i-probe futhi, ngokuzungeza i-bolt, khetha indawo oyifunayo. Ngemva kokugoqa i-nati futhi sifeze isilinganiso sokulawula.
   

   Ukuze ulungise igebe, sisebenzisa izihluthulelo ze-13 no-17. Sibamba i-bolt kuqala, futhi sikhulule i-lock nut neyesibili. Ngokuguqula i-bolt sifinyelela imvume oyifunayo
3. Sikala futhi silungise imvume kuma-valve asele ngokulandelana okufanayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, zungezisa i-crankshaft engu-180˚ bese ulungisa ama-valve 4 no-7.
4. Siphendulela i-crankshaft enye ingxenye yokujika ukuze silungise ama-valve angu-1 no-3.
   

   Ngokhiye okhethekile, vula i-crankshaft enye isigamu ukuze ulungise ama-valve angu-1 no-3
5. Ekupheleni kwenqubo, silungisa imvume kuma-valve angu-2 no-5.

Inqubo yokulungisa ayiyona inkimbinkimbi kakhulu njengoba idinga ukunakwa, ukunemba nokunemba. Lapho uzungezisa i-crankshaft, kubalulekile ukuvumelanisa ngokucacile amamaki. Ukuze uqonde kangcono inqubo, itafula linikezwa okuvela kulo okucacayo ukuthi iyiphi i-valve nokuthi iyiphi indawo ye-crankshaft okufanele ilungiswe.

Ithebula: ukulungisa imvume yokushisa yama-valve Vaz 2105

I-engela yokujikeleza i-crankshaft (gr)	I-engela yokujikeleza i-camshaft (gr)	Izinombolo zesilinda	Izinombolo ze-Valve eguquguqukayo
0	0	4 futhi 3	8 futhi 6
180	90	2 futhi 4	4 futhi 7
360	180	1 futhi 2	1 futhi 3
540	270	3 futhi 1	5 futhi 2

Ngemuva komcimbi, sihlanganisa izakhi ezihlakaziwe ngokulandelana okuphambene.

Ividiyo: ukulungiswa kwe-valve kusibonelo se-VAZ 2105 ene-belt drive

I-GT (Izindikimba Zegaraji) Ukulungiswa kweValve ku-VAZ 2105 (2101 2107)

Amanani okusula

Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenjini, ukushisa nokwandiswa kwezingxenye zayo kwenzeka. Ukuqinisekisa ukulingana kwe-valve, igebe elishisayo liyadingeka, lapho izimoto ze-VAZ 2101/07 kufanele zibe ngu-0,15 mm, okuhambisana nobukhulu be-probe esetshenziselwa ukulungiswa.

Izimpawu ze-valve stem

Ama-valve stem seal, abuye abizwe ngokuthi ama-valve seal, avimbela ngokuyinhloko uwoyela ukuthi ungangeni ekamelweni elivuthayo lenjini. Njengezinye izingxenye zeyunithi yamandla, amakepisi aguga ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okuthinta ukuncishiswa kokusebenza kahle kwawo. Ngenxa yokugqoka, izimpawu ziqala ukuvuza amafutha. Lokhu kuholela ekwandeni kokusetshenziswa kwamafutha kanye nezinye izinkinga ezijwayelekile.

Izigqoko ze-oil scraper zivimbela amafutha ukuthi angangeni ekamelweni elivuthayo

Ayini ama-valve seal?

Indlela yokwenza isikhathi isebenzisa izinhlobo ezimbili zama-valve: ukungena nokukhipha. Ingaphezulu lesiqu se-valve lihlala lithintana ne-camshaft, okubangela ukuthi uwoyela wenjini ube nenkungu. Uhlangothi olungemuva lwe-valve yokudonsa lutholakala endaweni lapho kukhona ukumiswa kwamaconsi kaphethiloli, futhi into yokukhipha umoya itholakala endaweni yamagesi aphumayo ashisayo.

I-camshaft ayikwazi ukusebenza ngaphandle kokunikezwa okuhlala njalo kwe-lubricant. Nokho, ukungena kukawoyela ngaphakathi kusilinda kuyinqubo engathandeki. Ukuze nje kuvinjwe ukungena kwe-lubricant ekamelweni elivuthayo, ama-valve stem seal adalwe. Ukwakhiwa kwebhokisi lokugxusha kufana nokuthi ngosizo lwalo, ngesikhathi sokunyakaza okuphindaphindiwe kwe-valve, amafutha asuswa esiqwini.

Yini ukubeka valve stem seals Vaz 2105

Uma kudingekile ukufaka izigxivizo ze-valve ku-"five", umbuzo ohlobene nawo uphakama - yiziphi izigqoko zokukhetha ukuze zihlale isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka? Ngokusekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho kwabashayeli abaningi bezimoto, abakhiqizi abafana no-Elring, uVictor Reinz no-Corteco kufanele bakhethwe.

Lapho ushintsha ama-valve seal, kufanele ukhethe imikhiqizo eyikhwalithi evela kubakhiqizi abafana no-Elring, u-Victor Reinz no-Corteco.

Yini edala ukugqokwa kwe-oil seal

Ukuze uqonde imiphumela engaba khona yokusebenza kwenjini enezimpawu ze-valve ezigugile, kufanelekile ukucabangela izimpawu zokuhluleka kwazo. Kudingekile ukucabanga ngeqiniso lokuthi ama-caps awasebenziseki futhi adinga ukushintshwa kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• intuthu empunga lapho iqala injini, futhi njengoba ifudumala, iyanyamalala;
• i-carbon deposit kuma-spark plugs;
• ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kwamafutha.

Uphawu lokuqala lubonisa ukuthi isivalo esigugile sivumela uwoyela ukuba udlulele emakhazeni, futhi ngemva kokuba injini ifudumale ngenxa yokwanda, ingxenye iyakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yayo. Ukubonakala kwe-soot kungahlotshaniswa hhayi kuphela nezimpawu ze-valve, ngakho-ke kuzodingeka wenze ukuxilongwa kwenjini ukuze unqume ngokunembile inkinga. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi isilinganiso sempilo yesevisi yama-cuffs singaba yizinkulungwane ezingama-70-80 km. Uma ngemuva kokugijima okunjalo kunezibonakaliso zokugqoka nokukhala, khona-ke amathuba okuthi inkinga ikuwo ayanda.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uphawu lwe-valve luba olungasebenziseki, oludinga ukushintshwa kwesici

Abanye abanikazi bezimoto abafaki ukubaluleka okukhulu ezimpawini zokungasebenzi kahle kwezakhi zokuvala, futhi empeleni ngeze. Naphezu kokuthi imoto isahamba futhi azikho izinkinga ezibonakalayo, izinkinga ezinkulu zenjini zingenzeka esikhathini esizayo. Sebenzisa okungenani uwoyela. Ngokukhula kwayo, "indlala yamafutha" yemoto ibonakala, okuholela ekugqokeni kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kwezingxenye, emva kwalokho kudingeka ukulungiswa okukhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-motor lubricant ayishibhile kangako. Uma udinga ukungeza njalo amafutha, khona-ke lokhu ngeke kuboniswe kwisabelomali ngendlela engcono kakhulu.

Ngokungena njalo kwamafutha ekamelweni elivuthayo, amakhandlela ahluleka ngaphambi kwesikhathi, okuthinta kabi ukusebenza kweyunithi yamandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-carbon deposits ayifaki emakhandlela kuphela, kodwa futhi kuma-valve, ama-pistons, nezindonga zamasilinda. Kusongela ngani? Inkinga evame kakhulu ama-valve ashile. Kulokhu singaphetha ngokuthi ukugqoka ama-cuffs kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi kanye nezindleko ezinkulu zezimali. Ngakho-ke, uma izimpawu zokugqoka zitholakala kuma-seal, ungalibali ukuzishintsha.

Uma i-valve stem seal yonakalisiwe, i-carbon deposit yakheka ezindongeni zangaphakathi zamasilinda, ama-piston, nama-valve.

Ungashintsha kanjani ama-valve stem seals ku-VAZ 2105

Ukushintsha ama-caps akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kwethuluzi elifanele, ngakho-ke kufanele unakekele ukulungiswa kwayo. Ukuze senze le nqubo, sidinga:

• i-valve desiccant;
• ithuluzi lokususa i-cap;
• ama-tweezers, amapulangwe ekhaleni amade noma isibambo kazibuthe;
• induku yensimbi ethambile.

Ukufaka esikhundleni sezimpawu ze-valve stem, uzodinga isethi ethile yamathuluzi, ehlanganisa i-cracker, i-oil seal remover, okhiye, ama-tweezers.

Okokuqala udinga ukwenza umsebenzi wokulungiselela, obilisa ukudiliza konke okuzophazamisa ukushintshwa kwama-caps. Lezi zakhi zifaka isihlungi somoya kanye nendlu, isembozo sevalvu, ikhebula lokumunca kanye nokuphonswa okusuka esinyathelweni segesi kuya ku-carburetor. Enye inqubo yokushintsha iqukethe izinyathelo ezilandelayo:

1. Sibeka i-crankshaft endaweni lapho amasilinda 1 no-4 azoba se-TDC.
   

   Setha i-crankshaft endaweni lapho amasilinda 1 no-4 azoba ku-TDC: uphawu ku-pulley kufanele lubhekane nobude bengozi esembozweni sesikhathi.
2. Khulula ibhawodi legiya le-camshaft.
   

   Sigoba umkhawulo wewasha yokukhiya ye-camshaft sprocket bolt, emva kwalokho sikhulula izinsimbi.
3. Siqaqa ukubopha kwe-chain tensioner, sikhulule iketango futhi siqinise i-nut.
   

   Usebenzisa i-wrench engu-13, khulula chain tensioner cap nut. Simisa i-blade yokukhweza esicathulweni se-tensioner, sicindezela induku ye-tensioner futhi siyilungise ngokuqinisa i-cap nut.
4. Siqaqa ibhawodi elivikela igiya le-camshaft bese silisusa. Ukuvimbela iketango ukuba lingawi, ucingo lungasetshenziswa ukulilungisa.
   

   Sisusa i-sprocket kanye neketanga le-camshaft bese siyibeka ekhanda le-block. Ukuvimbela iketango ukuthi lingagxumi, silibophela kunkanyezi
5. Siqaqa izibophelelo zezindlu ezithwalayo bese sidiliza umhlangano ekhanda lebhulokhi.
   

   Usebenzisa ukhiye we-13, khulula amantongomane ayisishiyagalolunye uvikele i-camshaft enezindlu
6. Siqaqa ikhandlela le-cylinder yokuqala bese sifaka ibha yezinto ezithambile emgodini ukuze ubambe i-valve.
   

   Phakathi kwe-piston ne-valve plate (lapho sishintsha khona i-cap), sifaka ibha yensimbi ethambile enobubanzi obungaba ngu-8 mm. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ungasebenzisa i-screwdriver
7. Ukuze ucindezele intwasahlobo, sisebenzisa i-cracker, futhi ngosizo lwempumulo yekhala elide noma ama-tweezers, sithatha ama-crackers we-valve. Ukuze kube lula, ungasebenzisa uzibuthe.
   

   Sicindezela iziphethu ze-valve nge-cracker futhi sisuse ama-crackers ngama-tweezers
8. Susa ipuleti eliphezulu, iziphethu kanye namawasha okusekela.
   

   Susa ipuleti eliphezulu, iziphethu namawasha okusekela esiqwini sevalvu
9. Sibeka i-cap remover ku-valve bese sisusa i-gland.
   

   Ungakwazi ukususa i-cap nge-screwdriver noma ithuluzi elikhethekile.
10. Ukufaka i-cuff entsha, siyimanzisa ngaphambili ngamafutha enjini futhi sisebenzise i-draller ukuyigxumeka esiqwini se-valve.
    

    Gcoba unqenqema olusebenzayo lwekepisi entsha ngamafutha enjini bese ulibeka esiqwini sevalvu
11. Siphinda inqubo efanayo nge-valve yesine.
12. Ngemva kokuphendula isigamu se-crankshaft, somisa ama-valve 2 no-3. Sishintsha ama-seal ngendlela efanayo.
13. Ukuguqula i-crankshaft ngo-180˚, bese kuba enye ingxenye, sishintsha ama-caps kuma-valve ahambisanayo.

Ngemva kokufaka zonke izimpawu, sihlanganisa umshini ngokulandelana okuphambene. Ngaphambi kokubeka i-camshaft endaweni, ngokuzungeza i-crankshaft, sibeka isilayidi sokusabalalisa endaweni lapho sihlakazwe khona. Ngemuva komhlangano, kusala ukulungisa ukuvunyelwa okushisayo kwama-valve.

Ividiyo: ukufaka ama-caps kawoyela kumamodeli we-VAZ wakudala

Ungashintsha kanjani ama-valve stem seals ku-VAZ ngaphandle kokukhipha ikhanda

Isivalo se-valve

Abanikazi be-VAZ 2105, njengamanye amamodeli wakudala, bavame ukubhekana nenkinga yenjini yamafutha. Isimo esingathandeki singazibonakalisa kokubili ngendlela yama-smudges amancane nabalulekile, okubonisa ukwehluleka kwe-valve cover gasket. Ukushintsha uphawu akuwona umsebenzi onzima futhi kuzodinga umzamo omncane namathuluzi, anjengokuthi:

• i-screwdriver esicaba;
• isikrini 10;
• 10 isiqephu.

Esikhundleni se-valve cover gasket ku-VAZ 2105

Umsebenzi wokushintsha uphawu lwekhava ye-valve ku-"five" wenziwa ngokulandelana okulandelayo:

1. Ukufinyelela mahhala kwekhava, sihlakaza isihlungi somoya kanye nezindlu, ezixhunywe ku-carburetor.
   

   Ukuze uthole ukufinyelela kwesembozo se-valve, uzodinga ukukhipha isihlungi somoya kanye nendlu yaso
2. Susa ipayipi le-crankcase exhaust ngokukhulula i-clamp.
3. Nqamula induku ye-carburetor throttle drive kanye nekhebula lokumunca.
   

   Nge-screwdriver encane sikhipha futhi sisuse isiqeshana sasentwasahlobo, sinqamule induku ku-throttle drive shaft
4. Siqaqa amantongomane avikela ikhava ye-valve ngokhiye we-10. Ukuze kube lula, ungasebenzisa i-ratchet enekhanda lobukhulu obufanele.
   

   Usebenzisa ukhiye we-10, qaqa amantongomane ayisishiyagalombili uvikele ikhava yekhanda yesilinda
5. Ngemuva kokukhipha izinsimbi, susa ama-washers bese uqaqa ikhava kuma-studs nge-engeli ethile.
   

   Isembozo se-valve kufanele sikhishwe ezikhoneni nge-engeli ethile
6. Uma ikhava isusiwe, susa i-gasket endala bese usula izihlalo ekhanda le-cylinder kanye nesembozo ngokwaso nge-rag ehlanzekile. Bese sifaka uphawu olusha kuma-studs.
   

   Sisusa i-gasket endala, sula izihlalo ekhanda kanye nesembozo, ufake uphawu olusha
7. Sikhweza ikhava nazo zonke izakhi ngokulandelana okuphambene.

Ukuhleleka kokuqinisa ikhava ye-valve

Ukuze ugweme ukuhlanekezela lapho ufaka ikhava ye-valve, amantongomane kufanele aqiniswe ngendlela ethile, njengoba kungabonakala kumfanekiso ongezansi.

Isembozo se-valve ngemva kokufaka i-gasket kufanele siqiniswe ngokulandelana okuthile

Ukubonakala kwanoma yikuphi ukungasebenzi kahle noma ngisho nezimpawu zabo ezihlobene nokugqoka kwezimpawu ze-valve noma ama-valve ngokwawo akufanele kunganakwa. Uma ushintsha ingxenye ehlulekile noma wenza izinguquko ezidingekayo ngesikhathi esifanele, ungagwema ukulungiswa kwenjini okumba eqolo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqapha isimo sobuchwepheshe beyunithi yamandla futhi wenze ukunakekelwa okudingekayo ngokusho kwezincomo zomenzi.