Isiphi isihlungi somoya sezinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi esingcono

Isiphi isihlungi somoya esingcono kakhulu? Lo mbuzo ubuzwa abashayeli abaningi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zezimoto abanazo. Lapho ukhetha isihlungi, kufanele kucatshangelwe izici ezimbili eziyisisekelo - ubukhulu baso bejometri (okungukuthi, ukuze sihlale siqinile esihlalweni saso), kanye nomkhiqizo. Kusuka kuyiphi inkampani isihlungi somoya sikhethwa ngumthandi wemoto, izici zayo nazo zincike. okungukuthi, okuyinhloko ukumelana nesihlungi esihlanzekile (kukalwa nge-kPa), i-coefficient yokudlulisa uthuli kanye nobude besikhathi sokusebenza kwenani elibalulekile.

Ukuze kube lula ukukhethwa ngabahleli besisetshenziswa sethu, isilinganiso esingesona esokuthengisa sezinkampani zokuhlunga ezidumile sahlanganiswa. Ukubuyekezwa kukhombisa izici zabo zobuchwepheshe, kanye nezici zokusetshenziswa kanye nemiphumela yokuhlolwa okuthile. Kodwa, ukuze ufinyelele esigabeni sokukhetha inkampani yokuhlunga umoya, okokuqala kubalulekile ukuqonda izici zabo kanye nemibandela lapho kungcono ukukhetha khona.

Imisebenzi yesihlungi somoya

Injini evuthayo yangaphakathi idla umoya ophindwe izikhathi ezingu-15 kunophethiloli. Injini idinga umoya ukuze yakhe ingxube evamile yomoya ovuthayo. Umsebenzi oqondile wesihlungi ukuhlunga uthuli nezinye izinhlayiya ezincane zemfucumfucu emoyeni. Okuqukethwe kwakho ngokuvamile okusukela ku-0,2 kuye ku-50 mg/m³ wevolumu yakhona. Ngakho, nge run amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-15, cishe 20 4 cubic metres emoyeni ukungena injini amandla omlilo. Futhi inani lothuli kuwo lingaba kusuka ku-1 amagremu kuya ku-0,01 kilogram. Ezinjini zikadizili ezinokugudluka okukhulu, lesi sibalo sizoba phezulu. Ububanzi bezinhlayiya zothuli busukela ku-2000 kuye ku-75 µm. Nokho, cishe u-5% wabo unobubanzi obungu-100...XNUMX µm. Ngokufanelekile, isihlungi kufanele sikwazi ukuthwebula izakhi ezinjalo.

Yini esongela ukuhlunga okwanele

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi kungani kudingekile ukufaka isihlungi somoya esihle, kufanelekile ukuchaza izinkinga ezingaholela kuzo ukukhetha okungalungile kanye / noma ukusetshenziswa kwesihlungi esivalekile. Ngakho, ngokuhlunga okwanele kwesisindo somoya, inani elikhulu lomoya lingena enjini yangaphakathi evuthayo, kuhlanganise namafutha. Imvamisa, kulokhu, izinhlayiya zothuli ezinamafutha ziwela ezindaweni ezibucayi kakhulu zezinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi njengegebe phakathi kwezindonga zamasilinda namapiston, emiseleni yamasongo e-piston, nakuma-crankshaft bearings. Izinhlayiya ezinamafutha ziyahuzuka, eziguga kakhulu ingaphezulu lamayunithi asohlwini, okuholela ekwehleni kwensiza yawo iyonke.

Kodwa-ke, ngaphezu kokugqoka okuphawulekayo kwezingxenye zenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi, uthuli luhlala futhi ku-mass flow flow sensor, okuholela ekusebenzeni kwayo okungalungile. okungukuthi, ngenxa yalokhu, ulwazi olungamanga lunikezwa iyunithi yokulawula ye-elekthronikhi, okuholela ekwakhekeni kwengxube yomoya ovuthayo nemingcele engeyona elungile. Futhi lokhu, kuholela ekusetshenzisweni kukaphethiloli ngokweqile, ukulahlekelwa amandla enjini evuthayo yangaphakathi kanye nokukhishwa ngokweqile kwezinto eziyingozi emkhathini.

Ngakho, udinga ukufaka esikhundleni isihlungi somoya ngokuvumelana nemithethonqubo. Futhi uma imoto ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukushayela emigwaqweni enothuli, khona-ke kufanelekile ukuhlola isimo sesihlungi ngezikhathi ezithile.

Abanye abashayeli, esikhundleni sokushintsha isihlungi, basithintithe. Eqinisweni, ukusebenza kahle kwale nqubo kuphansi kakhulu kuzihlungi zephepha futhi ziro ngokuphelele kwalezo ezingalukiwe.

Yini ongayibona uma ukhetha

Izihlungi zomoya zemishini yesimanje zingahlanza uthuli olufika ku-99,8% olusuka ezimotweni zabagibeli futhi lufike ku-99,95% emalolini. Bayakwazi ukusebenza kuzo zonke izimo zezulu, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, isakhiwo esigoqiwe sesihlungi (isimo se-corrugation) asivunyelwe ukushintsha lapho amanzi engena esihlungini (isibonelo, lapho ushayela imoto esimweni sezulu sezulu). Ngaphezu kwalokho, isihlungi akufanele siguqule ukusebenza kwaso lapho uwoyela wenjini, imfucumfucu kanye namagesi e-crankcase kungena kuso sisuka emoyeni noma ngenxa yokuxubana lapho injini evuthayo yangaphakathi icishiwe. futhi isidingo esidingekayo ukuzinza kwayo kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, okungukuthi, kufanele imelane nezinga lokushisa elifinyelela ku-+90°C.

Ukuze uphendule umbuzo wokuthi isiphi isihlungi somoya esingcono ukufaka, udinga ukwazi mayelana nemibono efana nomthamo othize wokumunca (noma inani eliphambene elibizwa ngokuthi i-coefficient yokudlulisa uthuli), ukumelana nesihlungi esihlanzekile, ubude besikhathi somsebenzi isimo esibucayi, ukuphakama kwe-hull. Masizilandele ngokulandelana:

1. Hlanza ukumelana nesihlungi. le nkomba ilinganiswa ku-kPa, futhi inani elibalulekile liyi-2,5 kPa (ithathwe kudokhumenti RD 37.001.622-95 "Izihlanzi zomoya zenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi. Izidingo ezijwayelekile zobuchwepheshe ", ezicacisa izidingo zokuhlunga izimoto ze-VAZ). Izihlungi eziningi zesimanje (ngisho nezishibhe kakhulu) zilingana nemikhawulo eyamukelekayo.
2. I-coefficient yokudlulisa uthuli (noma umthamo othize wokumunca). Leli inani elihlobene futhi likalwa ngamaphesenti. Umkhawulo wayo obalulekile ngu-1% (noma u-99% womthamo wokumunca). Ibonisa inani levolumu yothuli nokungcola okubanjwe isihlungi.
3. Isikhathi somsebenzi. Ibonisa isikhathi ngemva kwalokho izici zesihlungi somoya zincishiswa zibe amanani abalulekile (isihlungi siyavaleka). I-vacuum ebalulekile ku-multifolded vacuum ingu-4,9 kPa.
4. Ubukhulu. Kulo mongo, ukuphakama kwesihlungi yikona okubaluleke kakhulu, njengoba kuvumela isihlungi ukuthi singene kahle esihlalweni saso, sivimbele uthuli ukuba ludlule into yokuhlunga. Isibonelo, izihlungi zomoya zezimoto ezithandwayo zasekhaya ze-VAZ, inani elishiwo kufanele libe phakathi kuka-60 kuya ku-65 mm. Kwezinye izinhlobo zemishini, ulwazi olufanayo kufanele lufunwe kumanuwali.

Izinhlobo zesihlungi somoya

Zonke izihlungi zomoya zomshini ziyehluka ngomumo, izinhlobo zezinto zokuhlunga, nobukhulu bejometri. Konke lokhu kufanele kubhekwe lapho ukhetha. Ake sihlaziye lezi zizathu ngokwehlukana komunye nomunye.

Izinto zokwakha

Izinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zokuhlunga izihlungi zomoya yilezi:

• Izakhiwo ezivela emicu yemvelaphi yemvelo (iphepha). Ububi bezihlungi zephepha yiqiniso lokuthi izinhlayiya ezizihlungayo zigcinwa ikakhulukazi endaweni yesihlungi. Lokhu kunciphisa umthamo othize wokumunca futhi kunciphisa impilo yesihlungi (kufanele sishintshwe njalo).
• Izakhiwo ezenziwe ngemicu yokwenziwa (i-polyester). Elinye igama layo yimpahla engalukiwe. Ngokungafani nezihlungi zephepha, izakhi ezinjalo zigcina izinhlayiya ezihlungiwe kulo lonke ugqinsi lwazo (ivolumu). Ngenxa yalokhu, izihlungi ezenziwe ngezinto ezingezona ezilukiwe ziphakeme izikhathi eziningana ekusebenzeni kozakwabo bephepha (kuye ngokuthi abakhiqizi abathile, ubujamo namamodeli).
• Izinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-Multilayer. Zinezici ezingcono kunezihlungi zephepha, kodwa ziphansi kule nkomba kuzihlungi ezenziwe ngezinto ezingezona ezilukiwe.

Izici zezinto ezibonakalayo:

Hlunga impahla	Umthamo othize wokumunca, g/mg	Isisindo seyunithi yobuso, g/m²
Iphepha	190… 220	100… 120
Izinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-Multilayer	230… 250	100… 120
indwangu engalukiwe	900… 1100	230… 250

Ukusebenza kwezihlungi ezintsha ngokusekelwe ezintweni ezihlukene:

Hlunga impahla	Imoto yomgibeli enophethiloli ICE,%	Imoto yabagibeli enenjini kadizili, %	Iloli elinenjini kadizili, %
Iphepha	99,5 more	99,8 more	99,9 more
Izinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-Multilayer	99,5 more	99,8 more	99,9 more
indwangu engalukiwe	99,8 more	99,8 more	99,9 more

Inzuzo eyengeziwe yezihlungi zendwangu ezingalukiwe ukuthi uma zimanzi (isibonelo, lapho ushayela imoto esimweni sezulu sezulu), zinikeza ukumelana okuncane kakhulu komoya odlula kuzo. Ngakho-ke, ngokusekelwe ezicini ezibalwe, kungaphikiswana ngokuthi izihlungi zendwangu ezingezona ezilukiwe ziyisixazululo esingcono kakhulu kunoma iyiphi imoto. Kumaphutha, bangaqaphela kuphela inani eliphakeme uma liqhathaniswa nozakwabo bamaphepha.

Ifomu

Umbandela olandelayo lapho izihlungi zomoya zihluka khona ukuma kwezindlu zazo. Yebo zikhona:

• Umjikelezo (elinye igama indandatho). Lezi izihlungi zesitayela esidala ezifakwe ezinjini ze-carburetor zikaphethiloli. Zinezinkinga ezilandelayo: ukusebenza kahle kokuhlunga okuphansi ngenxa yendawo encane yokuhlunga, kanye nesikhala esiningi ngaphansi kwe-hood. Ukuba khona komzimba omkhulu kuzo kungenxa yokuba khona kohlaka lwe-aluminium mesh, njengoba izihlungi zithola ingcindezi yangaphandle enamandla.
• Iphaneli (ihlukaniswe ngohlaka futhi ingenasici). Njengamanje ziwuhlobo oluvame kakhulu lomshini wokuhlunga umoya. Zifakwe emhlabeni wonke kumjovo kaphethiloli kanye nezinjini zikadizili. Bahlanganisa izinzuzo ezilandelayo: amandla, ukubumbana, indawo enkulu yokuhlunga, ukusebenza kalula. Kwamanye amamodeli, idizayini yezindlu ihlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi noma inetha lepulasitiki elidizayinelwe ukunciphisa ukudlidliza kanye / noma ukuwohloka kwesici sokuhlunga noma ibhola elengeziwe legwebu elikhuphula ukusebenza kahle kokuhlunga.
• I-Cylindrical. Izihlungi zomoya ezinjalo zifakwe ezimotweni zezentengiselwano, kanye nakwamanye amamodeli ezimoto zabagibeli ezifakwe izinjini zedizili.

Kulo mongo, kuyadingeka ukukhetha uhlobo lwezindlu zokuhlunga umoya ezihlinzekwa yi-ICE yemoto ethile.

Inombolo yamazinga okuhlunga

Izihlungi zomoya zihlukaniswa ngenani lamadigri okuhlunga. okungukuthi:

• Eyodwa. Esimweni esivame kakhulu, ungqimba olulodwa lwephepha lusetshenziswa njengento yokuhlunga, ethwala wonke umthwalo. Izihlungi ezinjalo zilula, noma kunjalo, futhi ziningi kakhulu.
• Okubili. Lo mklamo wokuhlunga uhilela ukusetshenziswa kwalokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-pre-cleaner - into yokwenziwa etholakala ngaphambi kwephepha lokuhlunga. Umsebenzi wawo ukucupha izinhlayiya ezinkulu zokungcola. Ngokuvamile, izihlungi ezinjalo zifakwa ezimotweni ezisebenza ezimweni ezinzima ezingekho emgwaqeni noma ezinothuli.
• Ezintathu. Kulezi zihlungi, phambi kwezinto zokuhlunga, umoya uhlanzwa ngokuzungezisa isishingishane. Kodwa-ke, izinhlelo ezinjalo eziyinkimbinkimbi azisetshenziswa ezimotweni ezijwayelekile eziklanyelwe ukushayela edolobheni noma ngale.

Izihlungi "ezingenalutho".

Ngezinye izikhathi lapho uthengiswa ungathola okuthiwa "zero" noma izihlungi ezinokumelana ne-zero emoyeni ongenayo. Ngokuvamile zisetshenziswa ezimotweni zezemidlalo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukudlula kwenani eliphezulu lomoya libe yinjini enamandla yangaphakathi evuthayo. Lokhu kunikeza ukwanda kwamandla ayo ngama-3 ... 5 amahhashi. Kwezemidlalo, lokhu kungase kube okuphawulekayo, kodwa imoto evamile ayibonakali.

Eqinisweni, izinga lokuhlunga kwezakhi ezinjalo liphansi kakhulu. Kodwa uma kuma-ICE ezemidlalo lokhu kungethusi kangako (njengoba evame ukuseviswa futhi / noma ukulungiswa ngemuva komjaho ngamunye), khona-ke kuma-ICE ezimoto ezijwayelekile zabagibeli leli yiqiniso elibucayi. Izihlungi ze-Zero zisekelwe endwangu ekhethekile ye-multilayer efakwe ngamafutha. Enye inketho i-porous polyurethane. Izihlungi ezinguziro zidinga ukulungiswa okwengeziwe. okungukuthi, indawo yabo yokuhlunga kufanele ifakwe uketshezi olukhethekile. Yilokhu okwenziwa ezimotweni zezemidlalo ngaphambi komjaho.

ngakho-ke, izihlungi zero zingasetshenziswa kuphela ezimotweni zezemidlalo. Bazoba nentshisekelo encane kubanikazi bezimoto abajwayelekile abashayela emigwaqweni ewubhuqu, kodwa ngenxa yokungazi, bazibeka njengento yokulungisa. Ngaleyo ndlela kulimaza injini evuthayo yangaphakathi

Isilinganiso sabakhiqizi besihlungi somoya

Ukuze uphendule umbuzo wokuthi isiphi isihlungi somoya esingcono ukusifaka emotweni yakho, okulandelayo isilinganiso esingakhangisi sezihlungi zomoya. Ihlanganiswa kuphela ekubuyekezweni nasekuhlolweni okutholakala ku-inthanethi, kanye nolwazi lomuntu siqu.

Isihlungi sika-mann

Izihlungi zomoya zohlobo lweMann-Filter zenziwa eJalimane. Ziyikhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu nemikhiqizo evamile phakathi kwabanikazi bezimoto zakwamanye amazwe. Isici esihlukile sezindlu zezihlungi ezinjalo yisigaba esikhulu sesendlalelo sokuhlunga uma siqhathaniswa nesokuqala. Nokho, ngokuvamile iba nemiphetho eyindilinga. Nokho, lokhu akuthinti kabi izinga lomsebenzi owenziwe isihlungi. Ukuhlola kubonise ukuthi i-elementi yokuhlunga ingeyekhwalithi ephezulu, futhi ubukhulu bukhulu futhi alinawo amagebe. Ngenxa yokuhlolwa okwenziwe, kwatholakala ukuthi isihlungi esisha sidlula u-0,93% wothuli oludlula kuso.

Abakhiqizi bezimoto bavame ukufaka izihlungi ezivela kule nkampani kusuka embonini, ngakho-ke uma uthenga isihlungi somoya saseMann, cabanga ukuthi ukhetha okoqobo hhayi i-analogue. Phakathi kokubi kwesihlungi somshini we-Mann, umuntu angabona kuphela intengo ekhuphukayo uma iqhathaniswa nezimbangi zayo. Nokho, lokhu kunxeshezelwa ngokugcwele ngomsebenzi wakhe omuhle. Ngakho-ke, intengo yalezi zihlungi iqala kusuka kuma-ruble angaba ngu-500 nangaphezulu.

BOSCH

Izihlungi zomoya zomshini we-BOSCH zingezekhwalithi ephezulu. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukucabangela ukuthi imikhiqizo yenziwa kuliphi izwe. Ngakho-ke, izihlungi ezikhiqizwa eRussian Federation zizoba nezici zokusebenza ezimbi kakhulu kunalezo ezikhiqizwa e-EU (isibonelo, esitshalweni saseCzech Republic). Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuthenga i-BOSCH "yangaphandle".

Isihlungi somoya salolu hlobo sinesinye sezici zokusebenza ezingcono kakhulu. okungukuthi, indawo enkulu kunazo zonke yephepha lokuhlunga, inani lamafolda, isikhathi sokusebenza. Inani lothuli oludlulisiwe ngu-0,89%. Intengo, uma kuqhathaniswa nekhwalithi yezinto ezibonakalayo, iyintando yeningi impela, iqala kuma-ruble angama-300.

I-Fram

Izihlungi zomshini wozimele zenziwa eSpain. Imikhiqizo ihlukaniswa ngenani elikhulu lephepha lokuhlunga. Isibonelo, imodeli ye-CA660PL inendawo ephelele yamamitha-skwele angu-0,35. Ngenxa yalokhu, isihlungi sinezici zokusebenza okuphezulu. okungukuthi, idlula kuphela u-0,76% wothuli, futhi inesikhathi esibalulekile sokusetshenziswa emotweni. Abashayeli baye baphawula ngokuphindaphindiwe ukuthi isihlungi sale nkampani sisebenza ngaphezu kwe-30 XNUMX km, okungaphezu kokwanele ukuphila kwenkonzo ngokuvumelana nemithetho yesondlo.

Izihlungi zomoya ze-Fram ezishibhile zibiza kusuka kuma-ruble angama-200.

"Isihlungi se-Nevsky"

Izihlungi zasekhaya ezinekhwalithi ephezulu ngokwanele nezishibhile ezihlanganisa izici ezifanele. Ukuhlola kubonise ukuthi isihlungi sigcina u-99,03% wothuli oludlula kuso. Ngokuqondene nesimiso sesikhathi, uyavumelana nabo. Kodwa-ke, uma kubhekwa izindleko eziphansi, i-Nevsky Filter inganconywa ngezimoto ezisezingeni eliphakathi ezisetshenziswa emigwaqweni enothuli oluncane (kuhlanganise nokushayela edolobheni elikhulu). Inzuzo eyengeziwe yesitshalo se-Nevsky Filter inqwaba yezihlungi ezikhiqizwayo. Ngakho-ke, kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni yomkhiqizi kukhathalogi ungathola amamodeli namakhodi ezihlungi ezithile zezimoto zasekhaya nezangaphandle, kufaka phakathi izimoto, amaloli nezimoto ezikhethekile.

UFiltron

Izihlungi zomoya ze-Filtron ziyimikhiqizo eshibhile futhi esezingeni eliphezulu yezinhlobonhlobo zezimoto. Kwezinye izimo, kuyaphawulwa ukuthi ikhwalithi yecala ishiya okuningi okungafunwa. Lokhu kuvezwa, okungukuthi, phambi kwenani elikhulu lepulasitiki eyeqile ecaleni, nakuba imiphetho yenziwe ngobunono. Okungukuthi, badlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwesihlungi. Kukhona izimbambo eziqinisayo emzimbeni, okungukuthi, isihlungi ngeke sikhenceze lapho sinyakaza. Yisihlungi sephepha esiqukethe inani elikhulu lephepha. Ngokwayo, kumnyama, okubonisa ukwelashwa kwayo kokushisa.

Izihlungi zomoya "i-Filtron" zingezabangeni lentengo ephakathi, futhi zingase zinconywe ukuthi zisetshenziswe ezimotweni zebhajethi nezigaba zamanani aphakathi. Intengo yesihlungi somoya we-Filtron iqala kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-150.

Ukudla

Izihlungi zomoya zomshini kaMahle zenziwa eJalimane. Zibhekwa njengenye yekhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu, yingakho zithandwa kakhulu. Eqinisweni, ukubulawa ngokunganaki kwezindlu zokuhlunga kuvame ukuphawulwa. okungukuthi, kukhona amasampula anenani elikhulu lokukhanya (impahla eyeqile). Ngesikhathi esifanayo, azikho izimbambo eziqinisayo kuhlaka. Ngenxa yalokhu, ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwesihlungi, ukuduma okungajabulisi ukuzwa komuntu kuvame ukuvela.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ipuleti yokuhlunga iyikhwalithi eyanele, eyenziwe nge-polyamide, hhayi i-polypropylene. Okusho ukuthi, ikhethini libiza kakhulu, futhi lihlunga kahle uthuli. liphinde izinga ethe njo. Uma sibheka izibuyekezo ezitholakala ku-inthanethi, umuntu angakwazi ukwahlulela izici ezinhle kakhulu zokusebenza kwezihlungi zalo mkhiqizo. Okuwukuphela kwe-drawback yinani eliphezulu. Ngakho-ke, iqala kusuka kuma-ruble angama-300.

Isihlungi se-BIG

Izihlungi zomoya zophawu lokuhweba lwe-Big Filter zikhiqizwa endaweni ye-Russian Federation, e-St. Uma sibheka ukubuyekezwa nokuhlolwa, ingenye yezihlungi zomoya ezingcono kakhulu ze-VAZ zasekhaya. Kubandakanya isilinganiso senani kanye nekhwalithi yokuhlanza umoya. Ngakho-ke, izindlu zokuhlunga zisezingeni eliphezulu, uphawu lwenziwe ngekhwalithi ephezulu ye-polyurethane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwezinye izimo iphonswa ngokungalingani, kodwa lokhu kuvunyelwe umenzi. Ukulinganisa kusezingeni eliphezulu, iphepha lokuhlunga liminyene, line-phenolic impregnation. Phakathi kokushiyeka, kuphela ukusika okungalungile kwephepha ngokwalo kungaphawulwa, okulimaza kakhulu umbono futhi kubangele abanikazi bezimoto ukuba bangabaze ukusebenza kahle.

Ukuhlola kwangempela kubonise ukuthi isihlungi esisha sidlula kuphela u-1% wothuli oludlula kuso. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isikhathi sokusebenza sesihlungi siphezulu kakhulu. Uhlu lwezihlungi zomoya "Isihlungi Esikhulu" sibanzi impela, futhi intengo yesethi eyodwa kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-2019 iqala kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-130 (ama-ICE carburetor) nangaphezulu.

Sakura

Ngaphansi kophawu lokuthengisa lwe-Sakura, izinga eliphezulu, nokho, izihlungi ezibizayo ziyathengiswa. Ephaketheni, isihlungi sivame ukugoqwa nge-cellophane ukuze kugwenywe ukulimala kuso. Azikho izimbambo eziqinisayo ebhokisini lepulasitiki. Iphepha elincanyana lisetshenziswa njengento yokuhlunga. Nokho, ubuningi bayo bukhulu ngokwanele, okunikeza ikhono elihle lokuhlunga. Ikesi lenziwe ngobunono, nge-flash encane. Umsebenzi womzimba nawo usezingeni elihle.

Ngokuvamile, izihlungi zomoya ze-Sakura zinekhwalithi eyanele, kodwa kungcono ukuzifaka ezimotweni zesigaba sebhizinisi eziyingxenye yentengo ephakathi nangaphezulu. Ngakho-ke, intengo yesihlungi se-Sakura air iqala kusuka kuma-ruble angama-300.

"Auto unit"

nezinye izihlungi zomoya zasekhaya nezisezingeni eliphezulu. Ukuhlolwa kubonise ukuthi idlula kuphela u-0,9% (!) wothuli. Phakathi kwezihlungi zaseRussia, lokhu kungenye yezinkomba ezinhle kakhulu. Amahora okusebenza nawo mahle. Kuyaphawulwa ukuthi inani elikhulu lephepha lokuhlunga lifakiwe kusihlungi. Ngakho-ke, kusihlungi esenzelwe ukusetshenziswa kuma-VAZ asekhaya, kunamafolda angama-209 ekhethini. Intengo yesihlungi yemoto yomgibeli yophawu lwentengiso ye-Avtoagregat isuka kuma-ruble angama-300 nangaphezulu.

Eqinisweni, imakethe yezihlungi zomoya zomshini okwamanje inkulu kakhulu, futhi ungathola izinhlobo ezihlukene emashalofini. Kuncike, phakathi kwezinye izinto, esifundeni sezwe (ku-logistics).

Izihlungi zomgunyathi

Izingxenye zomshini eziningi zangempela zenziwe ngomgunyathi. Izihlungi zomoya nazo ziyahluka. Ngakho-ke, ukuze ungathengi inkohliso, lapho ukhetha isihlungi esithile, udinga ukunaka lezi zizathu ezilandelayo:

• Izindleko. Uma iphansi kakhulu kunemikhiqizo efanayo evela kwezinye izinhlobo, khona-ke lesi yisizathu sokucabanga. Ngokunokwenzeka, isihlungi esinjalo sizoba sekhwalithi ephansi kanye / noma inkohliso.

• Ikhwalithi yokupakisha. Bonke abakhiqizi besimanje abazihloniphayo abalokothi balondoloze ikhwalithi yokupakisha. Lokhu kusebenza kukho kokubili impahla yayo kanye nokunyathelisa. Imidwebo ebusweni bayo kufanele ibe yekhwalithi ephezulu, futhi ifonti kufanele icace. Akuvunyelwe ukuba namaphutha egrama emibhalweni (noma wengeze izinhlamvu zangaphandle kumagama, isibonelo, ama-hieroglyphs).
• Ukuba khona kwezakhi zosizo. Ezihlungini eziningi zomoya zangempela, abakhiqizi basebenzisa imibhalo ye-volumetric. Uma kunjalo, lokhu kuyimpikiswano eqinile evuna imvelaphi yomkhiqizo.
• Izimpawu ezisendlini yokuhlunga. Njengasephaketheni, izimpawu ezisendlini yokuhlunga kufanele zicace futhi ziqondakale. Ikhwalithi yokuphrinta engeyinhle kanye namaphutha egrama akuvunyelwe. Uma okubhaliwe ephepheni lokuhlunga kungalingani, khona-ke isihlungi siyinkohliso.
• Ikhwalithi yophawu. Irabha ezungeze umjikelezo wezindlu zokuhlunga kufanele ibe thambile, ilingane kahle ebusweni, yenziwe ngaphandle kwemicu kanye nokukhubazeka.
• Ukugcwala. Esihlungini sokuqala sekhwalithi ephezulu, iphepha lihlala lipakishwe kahle. okungukuthi, kukhona ukugoqa ngokuphelele, ibanga elifanayo phakathi kwezimbambo, amafolda ngamanye anosayizi ofanayo. Uma isihlungi seluliwe kakhulu, iphepha libekwe ngokungalingani, inani lamafolda lincane, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuthi unenkohliso.
• Ukuvalwa Kwephepha. I-adhesive ekhethekile yokuvala isetshenziswa njalo emaphethelweni amafolda ephepha. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kwenziwa emgqeni okhethekile ozenzakalelayo ohlinzeka ngokusebenza kwekhwalithi ephezulu. Ngakho-ke, uma i-glue isetshenziswa ngokungalingani, kunezintambo, futhi iphepha alinamatheli ngokuqinile emzimbeni, kungcono ukwenqaba ukusebenzisa isihlungi esinjalo.
• Oil. Ezinye izakhi zokuhlunga zigcotshwe ngamafutha endaweni yazo yonke. Kufanele isetshenziswe ngokulinganayo, ngaphandle kwama-sags namagebe.
• Ikhwalithi yephepha. Ngalesi sici, kunzima kakhulu ukunquma ukuthi imvelaphi yesihlungi, ngoba udinga ukwazi ukuthi iphepha kufanele libe njani esimweni esifanele. Kodwa-ke, uma isici sokuhlunga iphepha sinesimo esibi ngokungananazi, kungcono ukwenqaba isihlungi esinjalo.
• I-Размеры. Lapho uthenga, kunengqondo ukukala mathupha ubukhulu bejometri bezindlu zokuhlunga. Umkhiqizi wemikhiqizo yasekuqaleni uqinisekisa ukuhambisana kwalezi zinkomba nalezo ezimenyezelwe, kodwa "abasebenzi benhlangano" abakwenzi.

Ngokungafani nama-brake discs noma ama-pads afanayo, isihlungi somoya asiyona into ebalulekile yemoto. Kodwa-ke, lapho uthenga isihlungi sekhwalithi ephansi, kuhlale kunengozi yokuguga okuphawulekayo enjinini yemoto evuthayo yangaphakathi kanye nokushintshwa njalo kwesici sokuhlunga. Ngakho-ke, kuhle ukuthi usathenga izingxenye ezisele zangempela.

isiphetho

Lapho ukhetha isihlungi somoya esisodwa noma esinye, okokuqala, udinga ukunaka ukuma kwayo kanye nobukhulu bejometri. Okusho ukuthi, ukuze ifaneleke ngokukhethekile imoto ethile. Kunconywa ukuthi uthenge hhayi iphepha, kodwa izihlungi ezingezona ezilukiwe. Naphezu kwezindleko zabo eziphakeme, zihlala isikhathi eside futhi zihlunga umoya kangcono. Ngokuqondene nemikhiqizo ethile, kungakuhle ukuthi ukhethe imikhiqizo eyaziwayo, inqobo nje uma uthenga ingxenye yokuqala eyisipele. Kungcono ukwenqaba ama-fakes ashibhile, ngoba ukusetshenziswa kwesihlungi somoya esisezingeni eliphansi kusongela ukubangela izinkinga ekusebenzeni kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi esikhathini eside. Usebenzisa luphi uhlobo lwendiza? Bhala ngakho emazwaneni.