Iyiphi injini enesifiso esingcono ngokwemvelo noma ene-turbocharged?
Okuqukethwe
Umbuzo wokukhetha imoto enenjini eyi-turbocharged noma eshibhile ngokwemvelo ngesikhathi esithile ubhekene ngqo nomshisekeli wemoto ocabanga ukuthenga imoto entsha. Zombili izinketho zinamandla azo kanye nobuthakathaka okufanele zicatshangelwe. I-turbocharged motor ngokuvamile ihlotshaniswa namandla. Njengoba i-aspirated ibeka isabelomali sezimoto ezincane. Kodwa namuhla kukhona inkambiso lapho izimoto eziningi, ngisho esigabeni amanani aphakathi, ifakwe turbocharged uphethiloli units.
Sizozama ukuthola le nkinga kuwebhusayithi yethu Vodi.su: iyiphi injini engcono - emkhathini noma turbocharged. Nakuba, ayikho impendulo eyodwa efanele. Wonke umuntu uyazikhethela, ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zakhe, amandla akhe ezezimali kanye nezifiso.
Izinjini zasemkhathini: izinzuzo zazo kanye nebubi
Zibizwa ngokuthi i-atmospheric ngoba umoya odingekayo engxubeni ye-fuel-air udonswa enjini ngokusebenzisa umoya ophuma ngqo emkhathini. Idlula ngesihlungi somoya, bese ixuba nophethiloli endaweni eningi ewuthathayo bese isatshalaliswa emakamelweni avuthayo. Lo mklamo ulula futhi uyisibonelo senjini yangaphakathi evuthayo.
Ayini amandla eyunithi yamandla asemkhathini:
- umklamo olula usho izindleko eziphansi;
- amayunithi anjalo awadingi kakhulu izinga likaphethiloli nezinto zokugcoba, ikakhulukazi uma ushayela izimoto zasekhaya;
- I-mileage yokulungiswa kabusha, ngaphansi kokunakekelwa okufika ngesikhathi ngamafutha kanye nezinguquko zokuhlunga, ingafinyelela amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-300-500;
- ukugcinwa - ukubuyisela injini yasemkhathini kuzobiza ngaphansi kwe-turbocharged;
- ukusetshenziswa kwemithamo emincane yamafutha, ingashintshwa njalo ngezinkulungwane eziyi-10-15 km (sisanda kuxoxa ngalesi sihloko kuVodi.su);
- I-motor ifudumala ngokushesha emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kwe-zero, kulula ukuyiqala ngesithwathwa.
Uma sikhuluma ngamaphuzu amabi uma kuqhathaniswa ne-turbine, alandelayo.
Okokuqala, lolu hlobo lwamayunithi amandla lubonakala ngamandla amancane anevolumu efanayo.. Kulokhu, kunikezwa isibonelo esilula: ngevolumu yamalitha ayi-1.6, inguqulo yomkhathi ikhipha amandla angu-120 amahhashi. Ilitha elilodwa lanele ukuthi injini ene-turbocharged ikwazi ukuzuza leli nani lamandla.
Ukukhipha kwesibili kulandelana ngqo kusuka kwedlule - aspirated nesisindo esiningi, okuyinto, yebo, eboniswa ezicini eziguqukayo zemoto.
Okwesithathu, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli nakho kuzoba phezulu.lapho uqhathanisa izinketho ezimbili ezinamandla afanayo. Ngakho-ke, injini ye-turbocharged enevolumu yamalitha angu-1.6 izokwazi ukuthuthukisa amandla angu-140 hp, ishisa amalitha angu-8-9 kaphethiloli. Umkhathi, ukuze usebenze ngamakhono anjalo, uzodinga amalitha angu-11-12 kaphethiloli.
Kukhona enye into: ezintabeni, lapho umoya uyivelakancane kakhulu, i-motor yasemkhathini ngeke ibe namandla anele okuhamba endaweni eyinkimbinkimbi enezinyoka kanye nemigwaqo emincane ema-engeli aphezulu we-slope. Ingxube izobe ithambile.
Izinjini ze-Turbocharged: amandla nobuthakathaka
Le nguqulo yamayunithi amandla inezici eziningi ezinhle. Okokuqala, abakhiqizi bezimoto baqala ukuwasebenzisa kabanzi ngenxa yesizathu esilula sokuthi amandla aphezulu atholakala ngenxa yokushiswa kwamagesi okukhipha umoya, futhi ukukhishwa okuncane okuyingozi kukhishwe emkhathini. Futhi, ngenxa yokuba khona kwe-turbine, lawa ma-motor anesisindo esincane, esithinta kahle inani lezinkomba: ukusheshisa amandla, ukufakwa okuhlangene nokunciphisa ubukhulu bemoto ngokwayo, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okusesilinganisweni.
Sibala ezinye izinzuzo:
- i-torque ephezulu;
- ukuhamba kalula emizileni enzima;
- injini evuselelayo ilungele amaSUV;
- ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwayo, kukhishwa ukungcola okuncane komsindo.
Ngemva kokufunda isigaba esandulele kanye nezinzuzo ezibalwe ngenhla, ungase ucabange ukuthi izimoto ezine-turbocharged azikho izinkinga. Kodwa lokhu kungaba umbono oyiphutha kakhulu.
I-turbine inobuthakathaka obanele:
- udinga ukushintsha uwoyela kaningi, kuyilapho ama-synthetics ebiza kakhulu;
- impilo yesevisi ye-turbocharger ngokuvamile i-120-200 km eyizinkulungwane, emva kwalokho kuzodingeka ukulungiswa okubizayo ngokushintshwa kwe-cartridge noma yonke inhlangano ye-turbocharger;
- uphethiloli nawo udinga ukuthengwa ngekhwalithi enhle eziteshini zikaphethiloli eziqinisekisiwe futhi ngokuqinile nenombolo ye-octane edingwa umenzi encwadini yezandla;
- ukusebenza kwe-compressor kuncike esimweni sesihlungi somoya - noma iyiphi izinhlayiya eziwumshini ezingena ku-turbine zingadala izinkinga ezinkulu.
I-turbine idinga isimo sengqondo esicophelelayo. Isibonelo, awukwazi ukucisha injini ngokushesha ngemva kokuma. Kuyadingeka ukuvumela i-compressor isebenze kancane ngokungenzi lutho ize iphole ngokuphelele. Esimweni sezulu esibandayo, ukufudumala okude ngesivinini esiphansi kuyadingeka.
Kufanele futhi kuqashelwe ukuthi ubuchwepheshe buhlala bushintsha, ngakho zombili izinhlobo zezinjini ziba onokwethenjelwa futhi zikhiqiza. Impendulo yombuzo wokuthi iyiphi injini efunwa kangcono ngokwemvelo noma i-turbocharged incike ezidingweni zakho: uthenga imoto yokuhamba, noma ufuna ukuthenga i-SUV ohambweni olude olungekho emgwaqeni. Lapho uthenga imoto esetshenzisiwe, izinjini ezine-turbocharged ziphathwa ngokusolisayo, ngoba ukulungisa i-turbocharger noma ukushintshwa okuphelele kuyindaba yesikhathi kuphela.
Iyalayisha...
